Ingadi yezimbali (Leucojum) imele umndeni wakwa-Amaryllis. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziyishumi. Emvelweni, izitshalo ezinjalo zitholakala eTurkey, eYurophu Ephakathi, eMedithera, e-Iran naseNyakatho Afrika. Igama lalesi hlobo ngesiGreki lisho "i-violet emhlophe." Kukhona inganekwane ehambisana nomsuka walembali. Lapho unkulunkulukazi ethandana nentokazi yasegodini, kodwa yabuye yalahla ubulili bayo. Kodwa-ke, wakhulelwa, ngobuqili, ukuze ayengeze ifu futhi athole ukubuyiselwa nganoma iyiphi indlela. UNkulunkulu wayekholelwa ukuthi othandekayo, lapho ebona umhlaba wonke usezinyaweni zakhe, ngokuqinisekile angafuna ukuhlala naye. Ebusuku, weba wafihla inkomo okwakungeyona le ntombazane. Ukufika kwakhe ekuseni, wanikeza usizo. UNkulunkulu waphakamisela isithandwa sakhe efwini, ngoba ukusuka lapho wayengathola inkomo yakhe ngokushesha. Intombazane yathintwa ubuhle obuyivula amehlo. Yena, ecabanga ukuthi ungunkulunkulukazi, wathatha amakhabethe uNkulunkulu ayewadinga ukulawula isimo sezulu, waqala wakhipha lokho okwakungaphakathi kubo. Ngakho-ke, inkungu iwile kusuka kwibhokisi lokuqala, imvula yehlobo yehla elandelayo. Kwesithathu kwakuneqhwa futhi, ehleka, intombazane yayisongela phansi. Isikhathi sasebusika sesidlulile, futhi ngenxa yalokho uNkulunkulu wayithukuthelela le ntombazane! UNkulunkulu wakwenza ngendlela yokuthi ukuthinta umhlabathi, iqhwa laphenduka izimbali ezimhlophe - izimbali ezinhle ezimhlophe. Futhi intombazane enobuhlakani uNkulunkulu ayithumela emuva, lapho yaqhubeka khona uklusa izinkomo. Kusukela lapho, ekupheleni kukaMeyi, sekuveziwe izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa zembali emhlophe. Abalimi bahlakulela izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zalesi sitshalo.
Izici zensimu yezimbali
Ingadi yezimbali inamabala, aqukethe izikali ezimhlophe ze-webbed ezivalekile, kanye nezimpande eziwugqinsi zaphakade. Izimpande ziyafa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye naleyo ngxenye yephansi evela kuyo. Amashidi amapuleti aqondile futhi aboshwe ngebhande. Ezinhlotsheni zasentwasahlobo, ukwakheka kwazo kwenzeka ngasikhathi sinye ngezimbali, kanti kuyizinhlobo zasekwindla, zikhula ngemuva kokuqhuma kwezitshalo. Ngonyaka, kwakhiwa amafulethi amabili noma amathathu phansi engadini yezimbali, ngemuva kwalokho kubekwe amapuleti amaqabunga ama-2 noma ama-3 ngesisekelo esivaliwe futhi elinye elinalo elivulekile libekwa. Kusuka esithebeni seqabunga elinjalo lapho umcibisholo wezimbali uthuthuka khona, ngenkathi kusezandleni zeqabunga, ukubonwa kwesiqu sokuvuselela kuyabonakala. I-peduncle ekhanyayo ebunjiwe kancane ingasongwa noma ijikelezwe kabili, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwesithelo, iyancipha. Umcibisholo uphela ngophiko lwe-webbed ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, okhipha izimbali ezipinki noma ezimhlophe kuma-pedicels akhula kusuka ku-sinus. Izimbali zingaba zodwa noma zibe yingxenye yama-inflorescences abunjwe ngesambulela. Ukuqanjwa kwe-perianth ebanzi ebanzi kufaka amaqabunga ayi-6, lapho kukhona indawo yombala oluhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi. Izithelo ziyibhokisi elinamanzi, ngaphakathi lapho kukhona imbewu emnyama yobumba obumbekile noma oyindilinga.
Ukutshala imbali emhlophe emhlabathini ovulekile
Isikhathi sokutshala
Ochwepheshe baluleke ukutshala kwamagadi engadi yezimbali ngesikhathi sawo sokuphumula, futhi kulokhu kuhla ngoJulayi-Septhemba. Uma isimo sezulu sifudumele isikhathi eside ekwindla, khona-ke lesi sitshalo singatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile kuze kufike izinsuku zokuqala zikaNovemba. Izinto zokutshala kufanele zithengwe ngokunakekelwa okuthile. Amabhuleki kufanele abe esindayo futhi aminyene, futhi ambozwe ngamagobolondo angaqinile. Futhi, kufanele babe nezimpande ezimfushane, futhi kuze kube manje azikho amahlumela. Ibhalbhu enezimpande ezinde ezikhulayo noma enezimpande eziqhakazile kufanele itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngokushesha okukhulu. Kuyanconywa futhi ukuthi ama-bullet atholakele aqonde ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kokulimala kwemishini. Ikakhulu kufanele bangabikho ezansi, futhi bahlole nezinto zokutshala isikhunta. Ungathengi ama -bule aphukile, aqhekekile, kanye nalezo ezinamagobolondo avikelayo noma phansi elimele. Esimweni lapho kusesekuseni kakhulu ukutshala i-anyanisi etholwe enhlabathini evulekile, khona-ke kufanele igcinwe esikhwameni sepulasitiki esihlanganisiwe, lapho kufanele kuthululelwe ama-chips noma sawdust.
Izici Zokufika
Ngokutshala, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe indawo ene-shaded, etholakala eduze nezihlahlana namachibi. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe inomswakama futhi ikhishwe kahle, kanye ne-humus egcwele. Ngaphambi kokuqala, kubalulekile ukumba inhlabathi esakhiweni, ngenkathi wenza ama-coarse sand sand noma i-gravel kuyo. Uma inhlabathi ingeyinhle, nayo iletha inhlabathi eshidi, isihlabathi nomquba obolile (akufanele ube musha). Njengoba le nkambiso yezimbali inganconywa ukuthi ikhule emhlabathini we-acidic, ngakho-ke kunconywa futhi ukufaka inani elincane lekalika kanye ne-peat peat kuyo. Ukutshala kwalesi sitshalo kufanele kwenziwe ngokwesikimu esifanayo nezinye izitshalo ze-bulb. Khumbula ukuthi ngemuva kokutshala, ubukhulu bezingqimba zenhlabathi ezitholakala ngaphezu kwe-bulb kufanele zilingane namadayimitha we-bulb amabili. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukushuba kwalolu ungqimba akufanele kube mncane kuno-50 mm. Uma i-bulb itshalwe ngokujulile, khona-ke kancane kancane iba ngokwengeziwe. Futhi kokwehla okuningilizi okujulile, ukufiphaza kwamabhu kuyabonakala, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kwakhiwa okunamandla kwezingane. Izithombo ezitshaliwe zidinga ukuthambisa okuhle.
Nakekela ingadi yezimbali engadini
Ukunakekela imbali emhlophe kufanele kufane ncamashi nezitshalo zasengadini ezilandelayo: hyacinth, muscari noma blueberries. Lesi sitshalo kumele sophuziswe ngendlela yesikhathi, ukhula, ukhulula ubuso bomhlaba, kanye nokondla.
Ungawunisela kanjani amanzi futhi uwondle
Emavikini okuqala entwasahlobo, ukunisela akudingeki. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngemuva kokuncibilika kwesembozo seqhwa enhlabathini isikhathi eside, umswakama uyagcinwa. Uma ebusika bekuba neqhwa elincane kakhulu, kanti nentwasahlobo yaphenduka yomile futhi ifudumele, khona-ke izimbali ezinjalo bezizodinga ukuniselwa njalo, kuyilapho kufanele kuphakanyiswe amanzi futhi kungabi kubanda, ngenkathi kuzanywa ukungabeki amaconsi ekuweni kwezimbali. Uma kungekho ukuthambisa, lesi sitshalo ngeke sife, kodwa sizokonakala.
Imbali emhlophe ipha amanzi i-liquid mineral complex, lapho kufanele kube khona inani elincane le-nitrogen. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-nitrogen isiza ukukhuthaza ukukhula okukhulu kwamahlamvu amaqabunga, kepha lokhu kuthinta kabi ukuqhakaza kwezimbali. Amafutha aluhlaza esimweni sezulu esinethayo singadala izifo fungal esihlahleni. I-phosphorus iphinda ivuselele ukuqhakaza kwezimbali okukhazimulayo, futhi ngenxa ye-potassium, kwakheka ama-bulbs aphilile angabusika kahle.
Ukufakelwa kanye nokusakazwa kwamandla
Ukufakelwa noma ukusakaza le mbali ngokuhlukanisa izidleke kuphela lapho kuphumule, okungukuthi, kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba. Kunconywa ukuthi ungene esikhundleni sezihlahla kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-5-7, uma kungenjalo amabhuleki asekhulile angeke abe nezakhi ezanele, kanti nembali emhlophe izoqala ukuqina.
Izidleke ezimbiwe kufanele zihlukaniswe. Amabhulethi okomisa abekwa endaweni enomthunzi, khona-ke ahlanzwa okudala, kanye nezimpande ezinesifo, isikali esibolile nesilimele. Yonke imishini yokulungiswa komshini kufanele ifafazwe ngomlotha noma ngamalahle powder, ama bulbs athinteka yilesi sifo, futhi ukungafanele ukutshala kufanele kukhishwe ngaphandle. Ngemuva kwalokho, izingane zitshalwa endaweni elungiselelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, uhlelo lokutshala luchazwa ngokuningaphezulu.
Futhi, ukusakazwa kwengadi yezimbali kwenziwa ngendlela yembewu. Imbewu esisanda kuvunwa kufanele ihlwanyelwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvunwa noma ngokuqala kwekwindla. Iqiniso ngukuthi, njengembewu yaseCorydalis, aqhubeka esebenza okwesikhashana. Ngesikhathi sebusika, imbewu ingabhekana nemvelo yemvelo, enomphumela omuhle ekukhuleni okuqhubekayo nasekuthuthukisweni kwezithombo. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa emabhokisini, kuyilapho ingaphezulu lengxube yenhlabathi kumele imbozwe ngefilimu ekhethekile evikela ukungakhuli kotshani lokhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukubona ukuthi ukomiswa kwengxube yenhlabathi akwenzeki. Izitshalo ezikhulwe ezinhlanyelweni zizoqala ukuqhakaza kuphela iminyaka engu-7 noma engu-8. Ukusakazeka kwesiko elinjalo kungenzeka futhi ngokuzimela, kanti umlimi uyakwazi impela ukulawula le nqubo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izithombo ezibonakala ezindaweni ezingadingekile kufanele zikhishwe, futhi lezo ezikhula endaweni ebekiwe zidinga ukunakekelwa okuhle.
Ubusika
Ingadi yezimbali imelana kakhulu nesithwathwa, ngakho-ke ayidingi ukumbozwa ubusika. Esimweni lapho ababikezeli besimo sezulu bebikezela ubusika obubandayo nobusika obuncane kakhulu, kunconywa ukumboza le ndawo ngesimbali esimhlophe nge-lapnik.
Izinambuzane nezifo engadini yezimbali
Ingadi yezimbali ayamelana nezifo nezinambuzane, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ingaqala ukuba nezinkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifo ezikulesi siko zicishe zifane nakwiqhwa leqhwa, okuyi-primrose futhi.
Ngakho-ke, ama-nematode ane-bulkous, i-slugs, ama-scoops, kanye namacimbi awo, angalimaza isitshalo. Futhi amagundane anjengamagundane namaqhubu angalimaza. Ekwindla, ungaqoqa amacimbi aminyene we-scoop ngesandla, ngaleso sikhathi lapho enokulungiselela ukugcotshwa. Uma kufiswa, amalungiselelo okulambisa izinambuzane angasetshenziswa ukuwaqothula.
I-nematode isibungu esincane kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi sakhiwe ngamakhakhasi aphuzi aphuzi emafulethini amaqabunga. Uma kwenzeka kuba namatodi esihlahleni, khona-ke kufanele kubiwe futhi kushiswe. Izitshalo ezisele ezinempilo kumele zidluliselwe kwezinye izindawo, ngenkathi ngaphambi kokutshala ama-bulbs kudingeka ukuthi afakwe emanzini amaningi afudumele kakhulu (ukusuka kuma-40 kuye kwangama-45 degrees). Ukuze uzitshale, kufanele ukhethe isayithi elikwenye indawo. Ukutshala izilimo ze-bulb ezindaweni ezithinteke yi-nematode angeke kwenziwe iminyaka eyi-4 noma emihlanu.
Ngaphansi komhlaba ama-slugs akhetha ukuhlala enhlabathini evundile noma enhlabathini enobumba olunzima. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, isibani esisemgodini kufanele sizungezwe ungqimba lwesihlabathi esihlanganayo, lokhu kuzosusa lesi sinambuzane.
Ngama-rodents, izinto ziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, azikwazi nje ukulimaza ama-bulbs ngamazinyo azo, kodwa futhi zihudulele ezincungwini zazo. Amabhu abolile angakhula kumakhompiyutha anensimbi, noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuqonda ukuthi lesi sitshalo siyagula, kuphela ngokubukeka kwawo okumangalisa. Izihlahla ezinjalo kufanele zimbiwe, zonke izindawo ezibolile zinqunywe kumabhulethi, emva kwalokho amanxeba aphathwa ngomlotha wezinkuni bese ashiywe amahora amaningi emoyeni omusha ukuze womiswe. Emva kwalokhu, ama angabuye atshalwe emhlabathini. Amagundane akhetha ukuhlala emaphaketheni ama-perennials noma emifudwini yotshani, ngakho-ke kufanele kutholakale okungenani ama-300 cm ukusuka ekutshaleni kwezimbali ezimhlophe (njengomthetho, amagundane awaqhubeki kude nezindlu zawo). Kunconyelwa nokubeka amabheyithi anobuthi endaweni yesiza.
Ingozi enkulu yazo zonke izifo yalesi siko yigciwane, ngoba namuhla ayinakukwazi ukwelashwa. Lapho kwakhiwa amamaki aluhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi kanye namashubhu amaningi emakhondeni, kanye nokuhlanekezela ipuleti lamaqabunga, isihlahla ngokushesha simbiwa bese sibhujiswa ukuze sigweme ukusakazeka kokutheleleka kwezinye izitshalo.
Lapho isitshalo singenwe yisifo sokukhunta esifana nokugqwala noma isikhunta grey, kuvela amabala amnyama noma ansundu emaphepheni amaqabunga, namafomu okufiphaza okumpunga endaweni yokudubula uqobo, okuzosabalalisa isiqu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Sika futhi uchithe zonke izindawo ezithintekile zesitshalo, bese isihlahla kanye nengaphezulu lomhlabathi ngaphansi kufafazwa ngesisombululo sokulungiselela isikhunta.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-whiteflower enezithombe namagama
Sekushiwo ngenhla ukuthi abalimi bahlakulela izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zensimu yezimbali.
Ukuqhakaza kwentwasahlobo (Leucojum vernum)
Lolu hlobo luthanda ukukhula emaphethelweni amahlathi e-beech, akhiwe eCentral Europe, amaCarpathians nawo angena lapha. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo esinjalo sangemuva kungamamitha ayi-0,5. I-ovoid ene-bulbous ububanzi isifinyelela ku-20 mm. Amapuleti eshidi ebanzi le-lanceolate afinyelela ku-0,25 m ubude nama-12 mm ububanzi. Ukuphakama kwama-peduncle acishe abe ngu-0.3 m. Izimbali ezimhlophe eziqhamukayo zingaba zodwa noma zibhangqwe, zinephunga elimnandi, futhi ezinqongweni zamaphayini kukhona iziqeshana zombala oluhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngo-Ephreli, futhi isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwaso kuyizinsuku ezingama-20-30. Izithelo ziyibhokisi elinamanzi amathathu nosedade okwibunjiwe. Ikhiqizwe kusukela ngo-1420. Izinhlobo ezinhle kunazo zonke yiCarpathicum: izimbali zikhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo eziphambili, futhi eziqongweni zazo kukhona amabala aphuzi.
I-petal yasehlobo (Leucojum a festivalum)
Emvelweni, le nhlobo ingatholakala eCrimea, e-Asia Minor naseNingizimu ye-Asia, eningizimu nase Ntshonalanga Yurophu nase Ntshonalanga Transcaucasia, kanti yona ikhetha ukukhula osebeni lomfula nasezindongeni zezikhukhula. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo esinjalo sonyaka kungamamitha ayi-0,4, ubude bamaqabunga amaqabunga buyi-0,3 m, futhi ukuphakama kwama-peduncle kungama-0.4 m. Ukuqhakaza kuqala kusuka maphakathi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ama-inflorescences ama-drooping aqhamise isambulela aqukethe izimbali ezimhlophe ezi-3-10. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza izinsuku ezingaba ngu-20. Itshaliwe kusukela ngo-1588. Izinhlobonhlobo zeGravestite yizo ezithandwa kakhulu: lokhu kuhluka kwengadi kwatholakala ngabakhiqizi abangamaNgisi, ukuphakama kwesiqu sezimbali kucishe kube ngu-0,6 m, baphatha izimbali ezimhlophe eziyisithupha, eziqongweni zazo kukhona izindawo ezinotshani obuluhlaza.
Okumangalisa kakhulu izinhlobo zohlobo lweMedithera ezimhlophe, ezinjengezinwele, ezinde nezinama-Tingitansky, kepha ososayensi bazihlukanise nohlobo lwehhotela, olubizwa ngokuthi yi-acis. Ezinhlotsheni eziqhakaza ekwindla eNtshonalanga Yurophu, izitshalo ezihlakulelwa kakhulu yi-autumn and pink white. Ukuqhakaza kwesiqhakaza sekwindla cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-12, ukuqhakaza kuqaphela ngoSepthemba, kukhona izindawo eziluhlaza ezihlahleni zezimbali ezimhlophe. Okwamanje, lezi zinhlobo zibizwa nangokuthi yi-acidis futhi zabelwe uhlobo oluhlukile.
