Lapho kufika isikhathi sezitshalo eziqhakazayo, ingadi iphenduka ibe yindawo ehlukile yobumnandi. Ikakhulu uma isihlahla sangemuva sikhula kuso - ikhalsiyamu. Isitshalo singowomndeni weheather. Yatholakala okokuqala eNyakatho Melika. Lapho, izihlahlana zitholakala ezindaweni ezinamamaki, imiphetho yamahlathi noma amahlozi aminyene.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-calcium ikhula ibe ngamamitha owodwa nesigamu, yize kunezinhlobo ezikhula kancane - cishe amasentimitha angama-30. Igama lazo sanikezwa isihlahla ngemuva komcwaningi wezemvelo waseFinland uPierre Kalma.
Namuhla, i-calcium ihlobisa izingadi hhayi eMelika kuphela kepha kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngenxa yomsebenzi okhuthele nowenziwe ngobuhlungu bezinzwa, lesi sitshalo savela ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Ukubuka konke kwe-Shrub
Isihlahla esihle esinezinhlahla ezinamaqabunga sinamaqabunga angavamile e-llongolate. Ubude bawo bufika ku-6 cm. Ngaphezulu ziluhlaza ngombala, futhi umbala ogqamile ubonakala usuka ezansi. Izeluleko zikhonjisiwe, ezifana namaqabunga e-laurel.
Lapho kuqala isikhathi sasehlobo, kuvela izimbali ezintekenteke njengenkomishi eziqwini eziningi. Yilezi:
- reds;
- opinki;
- mhlophe
- ukhilimu;
- i-maroon;
- iphenduliwe.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ama-buds aqoqwa emakamelweni amancane amise okwezambulela. Ngayinye yazo ifinyelela kububanzi obungafika ku-1 cm. Lapho ama-shrub aqhakaza, inani elikhulu lama-inflorescence abuthakathaka avela kuso. Kulesi sithombe, i-calcium ishaya ngensimbi yayo nobuhle bayo.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zezihlahla zaphesheya kwezilwandle ezikhula kahle eRussia. Iningi lazo linobusika obuqinile impela, ngakho-ke lusetshenziswa emakamelweni asehlobo nasezindaweni ezingaphansi kwedolobha. Enye yalezi zinhlobonhlobo ikhalsiamu ebanzi.
Incazelo yokubuka okudumile
Lolu hlobo lwe-calcium luyisitshalo esisabalalisa kabanzi, esifinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha amathathu.
Emvelweni wemvelo, kunezihlahla ze-calcium ezikhula zibe ngamamitha ayi-12 ukuphakama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ahlukaniswa umqhele obanzi futhi ohlutshiwe. Izihlahla zivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ezindlini zasehlobo.
Ukuphakama kwe-calcium ebanzi egxilile ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba kufinyelela isilinganiso esingu-80 cm. Ngonyaka, sikhula ngo-2 cm.
Amaqabunga esitshalo angama-elliptical, lanceolate. Ngaphandle, afana namaqabunga esihlahla se-laurel. Ubude bawo, ngokwesilinganiso, buqala ku-10 cm kuye ku-50. Ipuleti elingaphezulu lipendiwe luhlaza okotshani, ingxenye engezansi ine-tish ephuzi.
Izimbali ezinjenge-saucer, eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence ama-umbrella, zihlukaniswa ngokukhethekile. Umbala wama-tender buds uvame ukupinki kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kwembali ngayinye kukhona ama-anthers amnyama ahilelekile ekusakazweni kwesitshalo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwesihlahla, amahlumela asimboza cishe wonke umqhele we-calcium.
Uma ucubungula ngokucophelela izimbali ngazinye, zibukeka njengezinkomishi zika-porcelain ezincane.
Ububanzi bomsebenzi onjalo wobuciko bungama-2,5 cm nje kuphela. Isitshalo siqala ukuqhakaza ngenyanga yokugcina yentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Emva kwalokhu, izithelo zivela ngendlela yamakhompiyutha amnandi ku-calcium, agcwele imbewu. Maphakathi nekwindla, sezivuthiwe ngokuphelele.
Njengoba izifundo zemvelo zibonisa, ama-flower buds akhiwa unyaka ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Ngakho-ke, umuntu akufanele akhathazeke ngeze uma isitshalo esincane singakaze siqhakaze ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala.
Kunezici ezithile zokutshala i-calcium ebanzi nge-leved futhi uyinakekele.
Uma ufuna ukutshala ngokushesha isihlahla esihlahleni somuntu siqu, kungakuhle ukusitshala entwasahlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungathenga izithombo ezikhule kumabhodwe.
Izitshalo kufanele zibe namaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama, okukhombisa ubungqabavu bayo. Uma zitholakala kuphela kumathiphu wez amahlumela, kusho ukuthi i-calcium ine-system yezimpande eyonakele noma ewile.
Indawo efaneleke kakhulu yezihlahla yindawo enemibala eningizimu ezweni. Ingatshalwa eduze kwesihlahla eside, esizonikeza lesi sitshalo izimo ezifanele zokukhula.
Inhlabathi ye-Acidic ene-permeability enhle ilungele ukutshala ikhalsiamu ebanzi. Kungaba inhlabathi yesihlabathi evundiswe nge-humus.
Masinyane ngaphambi kokutshala isithombo, kungakuhle ukuthi ubeke i-peat emgodini. Ngakho-ke isitshalo sizothola inani elanele lamaminerali alusizo lokukhula.
Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lwempande lwe-calcium lutholakala eduze kwenhlabathi, akudingekile ukutshala ezinye izitshalo eduzane. Bangakwazi ukuwulahla, okuzoholela ekuguleni noma ekuqedeni ukomisa.
Lapho unakekela isihlahla, kufanele ulandele le mithetho:
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Kathathu ngonyaka, inhlabathi ezungeze lesi sitshalo kumele inikezwe. Entwasahlobo, ungasebenzisa isixazululo se-urea (amagremu ama-30 ngama-8 wamalitha wetshe). Ekwindla, umanyolo wamaminerali ahlakazeka ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Lapho isitshalo sikhula ngenkuthalo, uhlelo lwezimpande lungavundiswa ngokuthambisa. Kulokhu, enye ingxenye yomquba ihlanjululwa ngezingxenye eziyi-15 zamanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, amakhasi ayaniselwa ngalesi sixazululo.
- Ukunisela. Ukuze isihlahla sikhule kahle, kufanele sinikezwe ukuthambisa abanekhono. Kuqukethe ukusatshalaliswa ngokulingana komswakama ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi yomile kancane ngaphambi kokunisela okulandelayo. Lapho ulungisa isihlahlana ukuze sidle ubusika, kufanele kuthululelwe kakhulu ngamanzi futhi kufakwe phakathi ngamagxolo esihlahla kanye ne-peat.
- Ukunakekelwa njalo kwegatsha. Lapho nje kufika intwasahlobo, izihlahla zekhalsiyamu kufanele zihlanzwe ngamagatsha awomile nama-inflorescence. Ukunciphisa isitshalo akudingekile, ngoba ihlala inomqhele omuhle.
- Ukuvula umhlabathi. Ngenxa yokushiswa ngamandla kwentwasahlobo esindayo, inhlabathi ngaphansi kwesihlahlana iyaqina. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ugcwalise inhlabathi ngokucophelela. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimpande zithola umoya-mpilo, futhi isitshalo sikhula kahle.
Ngaphezu kwekhalsiyamu ebanzi, kunezinye izinhlobo zezihlahlana. Ake sicabangele ezinye zazo.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zezihlahla ezibukekayo
Uhlobo lwe-calcium e-evergreen liqukethe cishe izinhlobo eziyi-8, ezaziwa kabanzi eMelika naseYurophu. Kulaba, bambalwa kuphela abavela kahle eRussia. Kubahlali abaningi ehlobo ezindaweni ezisezansi, i-calcium isibe umhlobiso owuthandayo wengadi.
I-calcium emincane
Lolu hlobo lwe shrub lukhula lube ngu-1.5 m ukuphakama. Izinhlobo zezindala ezikhula zibe ngama-40 cm ziyaziwa.
Amacembe esitshalo anama-lanceolate oblong, angaba ngu-6 cm. Ingxenye yawo engenhla inombala oluhlaza okotshani, kanti ongaphansi une-tint eblue.
I-calcium emincane egxishwe i-inflorescence ngendlela yendebe. Cishe njalo, zipinki, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile - zimhlophe. Ama-buds aqoqwa kuma-inflorescence abunjwe ngesambulela. I-Bud ngayinye ngobubanzi ifinyelela cishe ku-1 cm. Ngokuvamile, ama-inflorescence abukeka ngokubukeka kwe-chic, ikakhulukazi lapho aqhakaza ngasikhathi sinye. Ngakho-ke, singasho ngokuphephile ukuthi i-calcium iyingcweti yangempela yemvelo ekhishini lasehlobo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ezihlotshisiwe ezinamatshe amancane zaqala ukutshala kusukela ngo-1736 ngaphandle kweRussia. Ngemuva nje kweminyaka eyikhulu, isihlahla esihlala sikhona silethwe eMoscow. Kusukela ngo-1988, lesi sitshalo besilokhu sikhula eBotanical Garden. Lapho iqhuma minyaka yonke futhi ijabulisa iso inyanga yonke.
I-calcium enamaphepha amaningi
Le nhlobonhlobo yesitshalo esihlala sihlukile iyahluka emqhele ophakanyisiwe. Amahlamvu okuqala e-lanceolate e-calcium enamahlamvu amaningi apendwe ngombala omnyama oluhlaza okotshani.
Ama-Buds avela amahlumela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Ngokwesimo, zifana nezinsimbi ezincane, eziqoqwe kumasimbali amnandi. Izimbali zipendiwe ngopinki, obukeka njengokwangempela ngemuva kwesizinda samahlamvu aluhlaza.
Ukutshala okwenzeka njalo
Ukutshala okufanele kwe-calcium nokunakekelwa kwezitshalo kudinga izidingo ezilandelayo:
- etshalwe kuphela enhlabathini evulekile ekhishwa amanzi;
- ukuvimbela ukugeleza koketshezi;
- ngesikhathi sesomiso, faka isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-2 namanzi amaningi (afinyelela kumalitha ayi-10 ngesihlahla ngasinye);
- uma kunesidingo, amanzi ekuseni noma kusihlwa;
- Umanyolo osuka ngesikhathi unesandla ekukhuleni ngokushesha kwezihlahla.
Ukuzala
Lezi zinhlobo zekhalsiyidi zisatshalaliswa ngezindlela ezimbili: zisebenzisa imbewu futhi ngokuhlukanisa izimpande kusitshalo esikhulu. Lapho ukhetha inketho efanele, kufanele ucabangele amakhono akho.
Enye yezindlela ezilula zokuhlanza i-calcium ukusebenzisa izithombo zezimpande. Ukuze wenze lokhu, inzalo itshalwe ezitsheni, lapho ikhula khona ngaphezu kweminyaka emithathu. Lapho lesi sitshalo siphenduka isilimo esigcwele imifino, sidluliselwa esakhiweni segadi. Lapho uthatha indawo yakhe ehlonishwayo ehlala njalo, lapho azokhonza khona iminyaka eminingi njengomhlobiso wensimu yangaphambili.
Ukukhulisa i-calcium kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kufanele uqoqe izinto zokutshala ngesikhathi. Isikhathi esifaneleke kakhulu maphakathi nekwindla. Ngemuva kokuqoqa imbewu, kumele yomiswe futhi igcinwe egumbini elomile.
Ukuze kuhlume kangcono, imbewu igcinwa emakhazeni izinyanga ezingaba ngu-2,5, bese ihlwanyelwa kuphela.
Kuhlwanyelwe ezitsheni ezikhethekile ze-calcium, zizokhula ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30. Kuqala bakhula kancane, kepha bekhombisa ukubekezela, sizothola umvuzo. Lapho zikhula zaya ku-4 cm, izithombo zingadonswa, uma kunesidingo.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, izithombo ziqala ukuzondla ngomanyolo wamaminerali. Ngenxa yalokhu, bazoqala ukukhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Lapho amathole asencane eqala ukugatsha, kungcono ukuzidlulisela ezitsheni ezintsha, lapho ezizobe zifinyelela eminyakeni engu-5 yempilo. Ngemuva kwalokho izithombo zitshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo engadini. Futhi-ke bazoba yintelezi emnene yekishi lasehlobo emadolobheni aphansi.
