Ama-Rutarias abhekwa njengendlela entsha entsha ku-floristry, ehlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo nezindlela zokuhlela zakudala. Bazalwa benophawu lokuqanjwa komhlaba kanye nobuciko bokwenza ama-florariums. Ingadi ebanjeni noma ezimpandeni - okwakungokoqobo, okuzwakalayo, okwake kwaqashelwa njengento engadi ehlanzekile, ke - njengemfanelo yezangaphakathi zasendulo, kepha namuhla sekuyindlela yemfashini hhayi nje yokusebenzisa izitshalo ezingaphakathi, kepha futhi yakha into yobuciko yonke nabo.
I-Rutarium yezitshalo zasendlini. © WoSI-Rutaria - izitshalo ezimpandeni, ezisuka engadini ziye emakamelweni
AmaRutarias izingoma ezisuselwa ezimpandeni, amahlumela, amagatsha ezinkuni ezinkudlwana, imvamisa ngesimo semihlobiso ebabazekayo. Ekuqaleni, i-rutarium kwakuyigama lendawo yensimu, ehlotshiswe ngezitshalo zokuhlobisa nezimpande zokhuni (ngisho negama layo livela esiNgisini "impande" - "impande"). Lokhu kuyindlela yokwakheka komhlaba, evame ukusetshenziswa kwizitayela zokubukeka komhlaba ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokuzithokozisa nezindawo zokuzijabulisa. Kepha ama-rutarias engadi ahlala isikhashana futhi ahlobisa kakhulu namuhla athumba ngenkuthalo imbala yezimbali, aguqula ifomethi - ukusuka ekubonakaleni kuya endlini. Ngefomethi yekamelo, i-rutarium iyisakhi sezitshalo ezitshalwe esisekelweni sokhuni, ngaphezu kwalokho zahlotshiswa zaphendulwa isithombe esihle.
Enye yezinzuzo eziphambili kwanoma iyiphi i-rutaria ukuhlukile. Ukuphinda izingoma kabili, ukudala ama-rutarias afanayo ngokuphelele akunakwenzeka. Lokhu kuhluka kuchazwa kalula nje: i-rutarium ilungiselelwe kuphela ngesisekelo sezingcezu zemvelo zesihlahla, kepha emvelweni awukwazi ukuhlangana nezimpande ezimbili ezifanayo. Njengazo izitshalo ezifanayo izimpande zihlotshiswe ngazo. I-Rare, ehlukile futhi ekhumbulekayo, ama-rutaria ayizinto ezibaziweyo kanye nemisebenzi yangempela yobuciko eyakhelwe ku-design ye-landscape design, isithombe esibunjiwe kanye ne-floristry. Futhi kufanele zibukeke njengokuzinikezela, indlela emvelo nobuhle bayo. Ngokungajwayelekile futhi kuyathakazelisa, kubonakala sengathi baphoqa ubuciko bomhlobiso ekupheleleni okungafani nalutho kwemvelo.
I-Rutaria ingenye yalezo zinketho zemvelo lapho ifilosofi nengxenye yokomoya ingabalulekile khona ekusebenzeni. Azidlali indima ebonakalayo, kepha zisebenzela ubumnandi bodwa futhi zidale isimo esithile, ziveza ukucabanga, okubandakanya izimo zethu zempilo. Igcwele uphawu, i-rutarium isibuyisela ezimpandeni, emvelweni, ifanekisela ukuqwashisa nolwazi ngemvelaphi yayo, ukubaluleka kokulondolozwa kwemithombo yemvelo, uthando lwendalo kukho konke ubukhulu bayo.
Ngokwesiko, i-rutaria isetshenziswa ukuhlobisa izithombo zokugcina izithombo, izindawo zokugcina ukudla, amakamelo okuhlala namahholo, amakhulu, indawo eyindilinga lapho ingadi enjalo ezimpandeni idlala khona umhlobiso omuhle, ofana nomphumela wokuklanywa ngaphakathi. Imvamisa, i-rutarium ikhethwa kwizitayela ezingaphakathi zasendlini nasekwenziweni kwanamuhla okugxilwe kakhulu ezintweni zasendlini.
I-Driftwood ngokukhulisa isitshalo sendlu. © uLyndsey MatthewsUngayenza kanjani i-rutarium ngezandla zakho?
Izimpande kanye nezinye izinkuni - isisekelo se-rutaria
Isisekelo se-rutaria yizimpande nezinye izingcezu zesihlahla esomile. Ama-stumps, i-driftwood, izingcezu ezinhle zezimpande asetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye noma ngamaqembu, athathwe esihlahleni esifanayo noma amelela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo. Namuhla, inzuzo inikezwa ngqo ezimpandeni, ngoba ukugoba kwabo okuxakile, ukuthungwa okungajwayelekile ngokwabo kubukeka kuhlukile. Isisekelo esithandwa kakhulu se-rutaria ngama-bromeliad nezicucu ezahlukahlukene zezimpande namagatsha ashiywe ngemuva kokushona kwezihlahla, izivunguvungu kanye nesiphepho. E-bromeliads, amafomu amangalisayo ahlanganiswa ngosayizi ocwebile, futhi ukuba khona kwezingqimba zemvelo kusiza ukufeza umphumela oyingqayizivele wokukhula kwezitshalo zokuhlobisa esakhiweni sesihlahla. Kepha ungafeza umphumela ofanayo ngezihlahla ezijwayelekile.
Ukukhetha isisekelo se-rutaria, zama ukufeza isithombe esithakazelisa kakhulu nesithombe esiyinkimbinkimbi. E-rutaria, amaphazili, amabanga amaningi, okungewona ajwayelekile amukelekile. Uma into edaliwe futhi ijabulisa kakhulu, into izoba ngcono. Kepha ungakhohlwa ngethonya lezimo nemigqa ingaphakathi: ngisho nama-rutarias amahle kakhulu kufanele angene egumbini lakho nasendaweni owababele yona. Linganisa ithonya lesisekelo se-rutaria, imigqa nendawo eseduze nokude: i-rutarium yangempela kufanele idale umuzwa wokwandisa imingcele, ubukhulu obusha, ukuheha amehlo, kepha hhayi ukucindezela konke ukwakhiwa. Ngakho-ke, cabanga ngakho konke: ukuphakama kwephahla, kanye nemigqa evelele, nesitayela nokwakheka kwefenisha.
Izingcezu zesihlahla e-rutaria zisetshenziswa ngemuva kokucutshungulwa okukhethekile. Ungawathenga ezikhungweni ezingadini noma ezitolo zokwakha, zikhethele wena ehlathini, upake amanzi ngemuva kwesivunguvungu, engadini yakho. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ngokubaluleka kokwelashwa ngama-antiseptics kanye nama-disinfectants, okuzosusa izinambuzane, okuvame ukuhlala ngaphansi kwamagxolo. Uma ulungiselela isisekelo se-rutarium ngokwakho, khona-ke izinkuni ezikhethiwe zizodinga:
- ukuhlanza kusuka enhlabathini, futhi uma ufisa - kanye namagxolo;
- ukungasebenzi kwegciwane ngendlela yokukhuculula isikhumba, ukuphathwa ngensimbi noma ngama-antiseptics;
- ukugoqa ngokufakwa okungafani nokuvikelwa kwezinambuzane;
- ukugoqa nge-varnish noma ezinye izinto zokuqeda (uwoyela wamafutha ne-wax kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukugcizelela ukuthungwa).
Uma kufiswa, noma yiziphi izinkuni zingahlanganiswa ngokungeziwe, zizinikeze umbala okhulayo noma okombhalo ukufanisa kangcono isitayela sangaphakathi. Okuthandwa kakhulu ngumhlobiso owengeziwe wezangaphakathi zanamuhla. Ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa ngezindlela zokuhlobisa izinkuni - i-azure, i-oyili, ukufakwa kwesibeletho, i-varnish.
Ukukhethwa kwesisekelo esihle kakhulu akuqedi ukuhlelwa kwesisekelo se-rutaria: kufanele ubheke ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani futhi uyilungise kanjani. Uma e-rutarias engadini ungeke ucabange ngakho, uwabeke endaweni efanelekile nge-paved noma emalahleni ethambile, lapho-ke emakamelweni egumbi kuyadingeka ukucabanga ngayo yonke imininingwane. Isisekelo se-rutaria kufanele sizinza, kufanele ime ngokuqinile phansi noma etafuleni. Uma kuvela ukuthi uzuze ukuzinza okuphezulu ngaphandle kokufaka, ungakwenza ngaphandle kwe-base-pallet ehlukile. Kepha imvamisa, i-rutarium ihlanganiswe esitsheni esitebeleni noma esitsheni, esinamathiselwe kwisisekelo esiqinile nesindayo. Ngaphansi kwezimpande namagatsha kufayiliswa futhi kufakelwe izinti ukuze zime ngokuthembekile futhi zidlale indima yesisekelo esingenakunyakaziswa sezitshalo. Ama-Rutarias ahlala enamathiselwe ebhokisini lokhuni noma ugqoko lobumba olusindayo, ebhodweni eline-glue noma i-sealant, kodwa uma lifuneka, lingagxiliswa esisekelweni nangama-fasteners athembekile ngokwengeziwe. Ukukhethwa kweziqukathi noma ama-pallets kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izitshalo ezisekelweni se-rutaria, futhi uzifake eziqhingini zamatshe noma "izihlahlana" zamatshe amatshe kanye nenhlabathi ye-aquarium. Ukuba khona kwesisekelo esinjalo kwenza kube lula ukuhlanza eduze kwe-rutarium.
Uma kungenamikhawulo yemvelo eyanele ezimpandeni lapho izitshalo zingalungiswa khona, izimbobo ezilingisa izinto zokwemvelo zigxotshwa ngokukhethekile kuzo. Cabanga ukubeka izitshalo ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa i-rutaria, ngoba ukusonga noma ukuthepha izimbobo kamuva kungaba yinkinga.
I-Orchid ne-Succulents RutaryIzitshalo zeRutaria
Okokuqala, senza isabelo sokuthi izitshalo zokuhlobisa i-rutaria uqobo nezitshalo ezingasetshenziswa njengekuhambisana nazo izigaba ezahlukahlukene. Izitshalo zasendlini zingatshalwa hhayi kuphela ezimpandeni nakuziqu zazo, kepha nasemhlabathini ezansi ze-rutaria noma esitsheni lapho i-rutaria ifakwe khona. Ukuhambisana okunjalo kukhethiwe phakathi kwezitshalo ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu, kucatshangelwa izinhlaka ezimbili kuphela - amandla okukhula ezingeni lokukhanyisela kwendawo lapho i-rutarium izofakwa khona, kanye nokubekezelelana kwesomiso (izinhlobo ezithanda umswakama zidinga ukuthambisa kaningi, okuholela ekulimaleni kwezinkuni). Ukusekelwa okunjalo kungaba:
- otshalwe esitsheni esijwayelekile;
- ebekwe ezitsheni ezihlukile, egcwalisa isikhala phakathi kwabo ngesilahla samatshe noma ngamatshe amatshe futhi acasha, lapho, eqinisweni, phansi kwe-rutaria kukhona ingadi ebunjiwe nje.
Ukuhlobisa imbobo ngokwabo kuyinkinga eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Izitshalo zingatshalwa ngqo ezitolo ezimpandeni noma emigodini, kepha ngokuvamile zitshalwa ezitsheni ezihlukile: lokhu akulimazi isisekelo se-rutaria, futhi ukuhlobisa kudinga umzamo omncane. Ukusebenzisa amabhodwe ane-autowatering noma i-hydroponics kwenza ukugcinwa kube lula ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngokuklanywa kwe-rutaria, izitshalo zikhethwa ngokuya ngomgomo wokuhlanganisa ukungathobeki nomphumela. Ukuhlobisa, ubuhle bemvelo, umuzwa wobuqiniso obuhlanganiswa nezimpande nokhuni, ukuqopha nokufaka isihlahla kubaluleke kakhulu. Kepha akukho ngaphansi kwezinye izici:
- amandla amahlumela noma amaqabunga okufihla imininingwane yentaba namandla esitshalo;
- i-compact rhizome, amandla okukhula ekucindezelweni okuncane;
- ukunakekelwa okunganciphisi, ukuntuleka kwezidingo zezimo ezikhulayo noma ukukhula kwemvelo.
Zonke izitshalo ezisetshenziselwa ukwakheka kwe-rutaria zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ngamaqembu amabili:
- Ampel amasiko. Zibhonga isisekelo, zisakaze ngokuphelele, zedrape, zicashe, zinikeze ukubukeka okungokwemvelo, cishe okusendle.
- Epiphytes. Izakhi ezingakhula hhayi kuphela ezitsheni ezinomhlabathi, kepha futhi zigxile esiqeshini segxolo, imoss, zizinza emgodini, zilungele ama-rutarians
Ezinye zezitshalo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-rutaria yilezi:
- ikissus;
- Hoya
- ivy
- chlorophytum.
Phakathi kwama-epiphytes, angcono kunamanye alungele izingadi zezimpande, yilezi:
- ama-orchid
- ama-bromeliads;
- i-cacti yehlathi - iSchlumbergera nama-ripsalis.
I-Atmospheric Tillandsia snagsOkungeziwe okuncane ukubukeka okuphelele
Ukuhlobisa okwengeziwe kwama-rutariaries kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuphelela kokuqanjwa, ubuqotho besithombe bunikezwa kusetshenziswa amatshe, ubumba kanye nokunye ukuhlobisa. Amatshe amatshe amatshe amancane noma amatshe anombhalo wemvelo akhethiwe ngenxa yezizathu ezinhle kakhulu, kufanele ahlanganiswe kahle nezinto zokhuni nezitshalo, ezithathwa njengemininingwane yemvelo. Ubuciko be-Ceramic kanye nezinto zokwakha zingaba ukuhlobisa okuphelele, kepha okungeziwe okugqamile ukuqeda ukubukeka kwe-rutaria.
