Uhlobo lwe-anthurium luhlanganisa kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezingama-800 kuya kwezingu-1000 zezitshalo, ezihlala ezindaweni ezisehlathini zeCentral and South America. Ukuqhakaza okuhlala isikhathi eside kwezinhlobo ezithile kanye namahlamvu angajwayelekile ezinye kuye kwenza izinhlobo eziningi zabanturium zathandwa ngabathandi bezimbali zasendlini.
Izitshalo azithobeki neze, kepha lapho zikhula, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi ama-Anthuriums aqhamuka ezindaweni ezishisayo, lapho izitshalo zingaboni shintsho olukhulu lokushisa, kuyaqabukela kuhlushwa ukuntuleka komsoco nomswakama enhlabathini noma emoyeni. Uma umtshali ekwazi ukulawula kahle izimo ezikhulayo ezihlala abanturium, lesi sitshalo siphendula ngesimo esihle samahlamvu, izimbali ezihlala zihlala njalo futhi zihlala isikhathi eside.
Kepha usithola kanjani isizathu sokuthi kungani i-anthurium iphenduka iphuzi futhi yomile? Kwenziwe kuphi iphutha, futhi yiziphi izinambuzane ezingalimaza izakhamuzi zasezindawo ezishisayo?
I-Anthurium iyoma futhi iphenduka iphuzi: amaphutha wokuqukethwe
Uma kuze kube muva nje imbali yangaphakathi enempilo iphulukana nokukhanga, amahlamvu ayo ayaphela, ithola isigaxa esinsundu noma siphuzi, futhi nokuqhakaza kwezimbali akuyona into exakile, kubalulekile, okokuqala, ukuhlola izimo lapho lesi sitshalo sikhona.
Imvamisa, i-anthurium enempilo inemibala ekhanyayo, ecwebezelayo noma, kuye ngohlobo lwayo, amahlamvu e-matte. Kulokhu, amapuleti amaqabunga avuselelwa kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula. Ukuguga kwabo ngokwemvelo nokufa kubuye kuhambisane noshintsho ngombala, kepha inqubo icishe ibonakale. Kepha lapho i-anthurium iphenduka iphuzi ngenxa yezizathu ezithile zangaphandle, sekuvele kunzima ukudlula enhlalakahleni yezilwane ezifuywayo.
Zonke i-anthurium ezitshalwe ekhaya ziyi-thermophilic nezitshalo okushisa kuzo zonke zingu-18-26 ° C.
Uma ingemuva lokushisa liqala ukuguquguquka kakhulu noma lidlula imikhawulo ekhonjisiwe, kufanelekile ukulinda ukubona ukonakala kwamahlamvu, futhi ngokucophelela okunganele izimpande zabanturium nazo ziyahlupheka.
Ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kuvame ukushiya amamaki afile amnyama emaqabungeni e-anthurium. Kepha umoya ofudumele ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi uma umswakama osekamelweni ungaphezulu kakhulu, ungesinye sezizathu ezijwayelekile ezenza ukuthi ama-anthurium abome.
Imiphumela eyonakalisayo yalezi zimo ifana nendlela ezizwa ngayo emaqabungeni ezitshalo elangeni ngqo, ezibuye zibe yingozi kubahlali bamahlathi anomswakama waseColombia. Ukushiswa nokuphuzi kwe-anthurium akunakugwenywa lapho imbali iselangeni isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo ezitholakala emafasiteleni aseningizimu kumele zivikelwe noma ngefilimu noma ngesinye isikhathi esibekiwe.
Kepha kuthiwani uma i-anthurium yomile ebusika, lapho ilanga lingakhanyi kangako, bese kufudumala i-windowsill? Ngokusobala, inkinga yesitshalo esinjalo:
- ukuntuleka kokukhanya, okunganxephekwa ngokufaka ukukhanya okwengeziwe okwandisa amahora okukhanya kwemini;
- ukomisa komoya ngokweqile, okungathanjiswa ngosizo lokunisela ngokucophelela kwamaqabunga, ukusetshenziswa kwempahla yasendlini namadivayisi;
- kokusalungiswa nemisinga yomoya obandayo ovela ngewindi;
- ukuntuleka kokudla okubangelwa ukuntuleka kokugqoka okuphezulu noma ukukhula kwezimpande ze-anthurium.
Endabeni yokugcina, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusiza isitshalo ngokulungisa umanyolo waso noma usifaka endaweni ethile entsha.
Izici zenhlabathi nokunisela impilo yabanturium
Izimbali zohlobo lwe-Anthurium eziqhakaza ngesikhathi sokukhula zidinga ukufaka isicelo somanyolo njalo, okufanele zisekele ukwakheka kwama-buds amasha kanye nesimo jikelele se-Anthurium. Lapho ukhetha i-ejenti yokondlayo, kungcono ukunikela ngokuthandwa kokuqanjwa ngenani elilinganiselwe le-nitrogen elenza ukwakheka kwamahlamvu nokuqukethwe okuningana kwe-phosphorus, obhekele ikhwalithi yezimbali.
Uma i-anthurium iphenduka iphuzi noma yomile, okuqukethwe ngokweqile kwezakhi zomsoco enhlabathini kungaba yisizathu. Kulokhu, usawoti wamaminerali ongagxiliwe izimpande ze-anthurium uvusa ukushiswa kwezingxenye ezingaphansi komhlaba zezitshalo, kanye nokuzala kabusha kwe-microflora ye-pathogenic.
Lapho kunokusolwa ukuthi ama-anthurium ayoma ngenxa yokuningi komanyolo, kuyadingeka ukugeza isigaxa sobumba, noma ukuhambisa isilwane esihlanjini esisha.
Ukufakelwa kuyadingeka lapho uhlelo lwempande yesitshalo selungene ngokuphelele ku-substrate futhi lungasenaso isikhala samahhala. Kungcono ukwenza inqubo enjalo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, udlulisela izitshalo ebhodweni elisha elinamandla. Kepha ungakhohlwa ukuthi abanturium banethuluzi elisebenza kahle lokuthola umsoco emoyeni. Lezi yizimpande zomoya ze-anthurium ezingeke zisuswe, kodwa kusiza kakhulu ukusebenzisa amathuba abo okugqokisa imibala ephezulu, kanye nokufafaza umqhele ngomswakama ohlanzekile.
Ukulimala kwe-fungus ne-bacterial izimpande ze-anthurium
Kepha i-anthurium inesimo esibi kakhulu sokunisela ngokweqile, futhi kulokhu, ikakhulukazi ngomhlabathi ominyene, umlimi wezimbali akagcini ngokubheka amaqabunga aphuzi nokomisa. Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu zabathandi bama-anthurium ngukukhula kokubola kwezimpande, okunomthelela kumswakama omningi womhlaba kanye nokuntuleka komoya-mpilo emhlabathini.
Ukubonakala kokubola ezimpandeni ze-anthurium kungalawulwa kusetshenziswa izinhlobo eziningi zezi fungicides.
Kepha le ndlela ayanele. Ngoba ayixazululi inkinga enkulu. Uma umtshali enezinsolo zokuthi ama-anthurium ayoma futhi aphenduke aphuzi ngenxa yezinqubo ezibambekayo, isitshalo kufanele sisuswe ebhodweni ukuze sihlolwe futhi silungiswe.
Ngemuva kokuhlanzwa kwezimpande ze-anthurium kusuka kunsalela yenhlabathi, izindawo ezimnyama, ezichithekile ziyanqunywa futhi ziphathwe ngamalahle ochotshoziwe, futhi, uma kunesidingo, ngama-fungicides. Lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa enhlabathini entsha ene-disinfid, futhi imbiza ngokwayo kufanele ihanjiswe noma iphathwe nekhambi le-potanganum permanganate.
I-Anthurium kunzima ukubekezelela izifo ezithathelwanayo nezikhunta. Ngakho-ke, kulula kakhulu futhi kuphumelela kakhudlwana ukuthatha ukunqandwa ngokusungula okunisela okunekhono nokukhetha inhlanganisela yenhlabathi evulekile yesitshalo.
Izinambuzane ze-Anthurium
Enye yezizathu ezenza ukuthi i-Anthurium yome kungaba yizinambuzane eziyingozi ezihlale esihlahleni. I-Anthurium ayihlali ihlushwa noma yiziphi izinambuzane, kepha uma kutholakala izindawo eziphuzi emaqabungeni, ingaphezulu lamapuleti amaqabunga alahlekelwe ngukuhlwa kwayo noma isivele yomile, kunesizathu sokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokuphelele kwesitshalo. Izinambuzane ezikhonjwe kuma-anthuriums zifaka izikhala zesicabucabu, ama-aphid, ama-mealybugs, izinambuzane ezikalwa ngezikali kanye nezifo. Uma lesi sitshalo siqukethwe inhlabathi enomswakama, omiyane be-amakhowe baqala ukuzulazula embizeni.
Iningi lezinambuzane ezilimaza izitshalo lizidla ngamajusi, ngenxa yokuthi, ngesibalo esikhulu sezilokazane, i -abanturium iphenduka iphuzi bese ibonakala iba buthaka.
Ama-thrips nama-mealybugs avame ukuhlala kumahlumela amasha namahlamvu, izinambuzane ezifanayo kanye nama-aphid zitholakala kuma-buds. Isibonakaliso sokuba khona kwamakhaza kwi-anthurium yiwebhu ebonakalayo ebonakalayo kumfoloko yamahlumela nakuma-sinuses.
Umhlali oqhubeka njalo futhi ononya kakhulu yisinambuzane sabanturium kanye nezinye izitshalo zasendlini - izinsalela eziboniswe esithombeni. Lesi sinambuzane sidla ama-juices hhayi kuphela kusuka emaqabungeni naseziqu, kepha futhi kusuka kuma-inflorescence, okwenza umonakalo kuma-stipule kanye nama-cobs.
Ngenkathi ama-mealybugs ayingcosana ngesibalo, acasha ngaphansi kwesikali esomile samaqabunga nakuzo, kodwa, eziphindaphindekayo, angamboza sonke isitshalo, futhi ingxenye yabantu nayo igcwele inhlabathi.
Ama-aphid aluhlaza okotshani noma ompunga ahlala kuma-Anthuriums acasha ngemuva kwamahlamvu amaqabunga. Njengomphumela womsebenzi owonakalisayo wezinambuzane, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi aqhekeke ku-anthurium, bese kuthi ama-inflorescences aqhume.
Eziningi zezinambuzane ezifakwe kuhlu, kungenzeka ngokuphatha izingxenye zezitshalo zesitshalo ngesixazululo sensipho esitholakala kwisilokazana esinambuzane noma esiluhlaza.
Kuyiqiniso, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinambuzane zabanturium zikhona ezitshalweni hhayi ngesimo sezinambuzane ezindala, kodwa namaqanda nezibungu. Kancane kancane ukubopha izizukulwane, uma ungaphindi ukucubungula, thatha isikhala esingenamuntu bese uqhubeka nokulimaza isiko.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinambuzane zanamuhla zikhulisa kalula ukungatheleleki kwezixazululo ezibuthakathaka. Futhi ezinye izinhlobo, njengesihlangu esikalini esikhonjiswe esithombeni, azithinteki ngokuphelele ngomphumela onjalo. Ngakho-ke, umtshali kufanele alungele hhayi kuphela ukunisela amahlamvu ngensipho nangamanzi, kodwa futhi aphathe i-anthurium ngesinambuzane esinohlelo. Usuku ngemuva kokwelashwa, amaqabunga e-anthurium ahlanzwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile, amboze inhlabathi ngokucophelela kusuka engress yomswakama owedlulele.
Yize ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kungasebenzi kakhulu njengasesimweni sokubola kwezimpande, ukuvikela kuhlale kunenzuzo futhi kulula kakhulu. Isibonelo, imikhaza kuma-anthurium, njengezinye izinhlobo, iqala kumswakama ophansi. Futhi lapha kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela ngokucophelela isitshalo, kanye nokuhlanza amahlamvu, okuyindlela yokuvimbela ukubukeka kwezinambuzane kwi-anthurium futhi kusize isitshalo ukuba siphefumule.
Ungavimba izinambuzane ukuthi zingasakazeki ziye ezitshalweni ezinempilo ngokuhlukanisa abantu abasha, okusha abasanda kukuthola. Kumaviki angama-3-4, uvame ukukhomba zonke izinkinga ezifihliwe zesilwane esiluhlaza, uthathe izinyathelo zokuyiphatha futhi ungalimazi lonke iqoqo.
