Idivayisi ezweni noma engadini yohlelo lokunisela ingenye yezinto eziphambili zokuthola isivuno esihle. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokunisela i-point dosed system yokuhlinzeka ngomswakama ngaphansi kwempande yesihlahla ngasinye sesitshalo. Abalimi, abanamkhawulo ngezimali, bathenga izinhlelo zokunisela ezimbonini, nezingcweti ezinobuhlakani zenza ukunisela okudonselayo kusuka ezintweni ezithuthukisiwe ngezandla zabo.
Ungayenza kanjani ukunisela okudonsa emikhiqizweni eyenziwe ngcono
Iziqukathi zepulasitiki ezimnyama, ezigcwele ehlobo kunoma yisiphi isakhiwo sendlu, ziyizinto ezifanele zokwakha uhlelo olulula lwe-DIY wokunisela.
Inombolo 1
Sikhipha umgodi omncane phakathi kwemibhede bese sifaka ibhodlela lepulasitiki elingu-1- noma 2 lapho. Ekhokhoyeni elisendaweni ephezulu, senza imbobo yokufinyelela komoya. Sifaka izimbobo ezacile ezigxunyekwe ezinhlangothini zesitsha ukuze umswakama ovela ebhodleleni ufike ezimpandeni zezitshalo eziseduze.
Ezitshalweni ezitholakala kancane kusuka ebhodleleni, unganikeza ukufinyelela kwamanzi ngamashubhu angeziwe afakwe ekuvulekeni kwebhodlela.
Inombolo 2
Sifaka izisekeli zombili izinhlangothi zombhede. Kubekwa ugongolo ezisekelweni, lapho kumiswa khona amabhodlela amanzi. Kuvulwa iminyango emincane embozweni ukuze kukha amanzi ezitsheni kubekwe ngokuqondile ugongolo. Enye indlela: amabhodlela alengiswa phansi phansi. Amanzi adingekayo azogobhozela ezimpandeni ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezenziwe mncane ezembozweni noma ngamapeni okugcwalisa asetshenzisiwe agcwalisiwe afakwe ezitsheni ngethiphu yokubhala ekhishwe.
Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, amabhodlela ahlanza amalebula, agezwe kahle futhi omiswe.
Inombolo yenketho 3
Ukubekezela okuncane nekhono kuyadingeka ukwakha uhlelo lokunisela ngenkasa ngokudambisa ngezandla zakho kusuka kwabadonsela phansi kwezokwelapha.
Lokhu kuzodinga:
- ama-hoses enziwe enjoloba noma amapayipi enziwe nge-polyethylene, i-polyvinyl chloride;
- ama-adaptha axhumayo, okokufakwa, izihlathi, izindondo zokugcina;
- wasebenzisa udonsi bezokwelapha.
Ukuqoqa uhlelo lokunisela ngohlelo olwenziwe ngaphambilini:
- ama-hoses (amapayipi) abekwe ngaphandle;
- ngama-adap, axhumene nomunye futhi nomthombo wamanzi.
- emaphethelweni sibeka iziqu.
- kuma-hoses (amapayipi) maqondana nesitshalo ngasinye ngosizo lwe-awl senza izimbobo ezincane lapho sifaka khona ngokuqinile emaphethelweni epulasitiki weziqunjelwa. Usebenzisa isondo, lungisa umfutho wamanzi.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukusetshenziswa nenkathi ngayinye elandelayo, lonke uhlelo kufanele lukhishwe ngokuphelele. Izimbobo ezincane kuhlelo lokunisela zingavalwa. Kunconywa ukufaka isihlungi sokuhlanza kahle lapho amanzi engena kuwo.
Izakhamizi zasehlobo zifunde ukwenza izihlungi zokunisela okwenziwe ekhaya ngemithonjeni ngezandla zazo zisebenzisa izingcezu zamasokisi we-nylon noma i-tights. Isitsha seplastiki esingenalutho lapho umuthi ugcinwe khona singasetshenziswa ukwenza isihlungi. Amashubhu wokuxhuma anamathele ngokuqinile kuwo, afakwe emnyango wohlelo lokunisela. Izinto ze-nylon zifakwe embizeni yepulasitiki, evimbela ngokuqinile isivalo. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izihlungi ezinobukhulu bamaseli wokudlulela amancane amancane kunezimbobo zama-droppers asetshenzisiwe.
I-DIY Drip hose
Uma uhlelo lokunisela olwenziwe ekhaya lwakhiwa ngogesi lwakhiwe nge-hose enempilo engabekwa phansi noma ibekwe kusekelwa, imisebenzi yayo ingenziwa:
- i-hose ejwayelekile eyodwa noma eminingi enobubanzi;
- i-hose eyenziwe nge-polyvinyl chloride;
- abicah hose.
Lapho kuhlelwa ukumba uhlelo lwamanzi enhlabathini, kuthembeke ngokwengeziwe ukulwakha kusuka kumapayipi epulasitiki noma e-polypropylene. Umbhobho onjalo ongahle uvinjezelwe ukugqwala kanye nokushisa kwezinga lokushisa.
Kunoma ikuphi, i-hose evumayo kufanele ilungele ukwenza izimbobo kuyo ukuze kufakelwe ezinye zezokwelapha noma ezinye izinhlobo zokwehla ngezeluleko futhi kungavumeli ukuthi amanzi adlule ezindaweni ezinganikezelwanga ukuthambisa.
Uhlelo lokunisela olwenziwa ekhaya
Amateyipu we-Drip athandwa kakhulu ngabalimi. Zenziwa futhi ngezandla zazo. Uhlelo lokunisela ngokudonsa ngamathoni liqukethe:
- ipayipi lesqu;
- amapayipi okusabalalisa amakhulu;
- ompompi abenziwe ngopulasitiki abanezimbobo ezitholakala kumabanga alinganayo ukusuka komunye nomunye noma ompompi behose.
Ukukhetha okulungile kwezinto ezibonakalayo ze-wiring ngamapayipi we-polyethylene wokunisela. Kuyahle ukufaka ukufaka izixhumi zokuhambisa, ama-tees, izinguquko, ama-valve nama-ball valve, ezinye izinto zokuxhuma ezinomthombo wokuphuza amanzi kanye namateyipu edonsa kuwo. Ngemuva kokuhlanza kokuqala nokubheka izintambo zamaphayiphu, ama-plugs abekwa emaphethelweni awo. Amateyipu we-Drip ahlanganiswe namapayipi wokusabalalisa asebenzisa ukufakwa kwe-starter kanye nama-adapter. Ngesikhathi sokuhlola kokuqala, ukusebenza kwe-dropper ngakunye kuyahlolwa. Uma kwenzeka kuhlanganiswa, ukuhlanza imishini kwenziwa. Iteyiphu yokudonsa noma ishubhu engenamthungo ungcwatshwa ekujuleni okungamasentimitha ayi-2 kuya kwayi-3, ukuvikela ukungena kwezimpande eziniselwe ukungena ohlelweni.
Isikimu esivamile sokunisela ngokwakho ukudonsa amanzi sibukeka kanjena:
Esikhundleni samateyipu wokudonsa, ukunisela okwenziwa ekhaya okwenziwa ekhaya usebenzisa amashubhu e-PVC angenamthungo enamakhaza.
Amathangi epulasitiki agcwaliswayo afakwe endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha amabili ukuhlinzeka ngomfutho wamanzi odingekayo ohlelweni asetshenziswa njengomthombo wamanzi. Ukubalwa kokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kususelwa ekucabangeni indawo ewusizo esetshenziswa yimibhede, enjengomhlabathi, inani lezitshalo nezidingo zomswakama (kusuka ku-0,8 kuye ku-1.5 l / h). Imvula ethambile noma encibilikayo iyathandeka ekuniseleni uma kuqhathaniswa namanzi empompo. Kuyasiza kakhulu ezitshalweni lapho izinga lokushisa lazo lifana lokushisa komoya nenhlabathi.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwepayipi
Umvundisi uvame ukungezelelwa emanzini ukondla imifino ngasikhathi sinye. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuvimbela ukuvalwa kwama-hoses okucoboshayo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa kuphela umanyolo okhethekile oncibilikayo.
Ithangi kufanele lixhumeke ekungeneni kohlelo lokunisela kukhuphuke kancane kunaphansi. Lokhu kuzonciphisa amathuba okuvalwa kwamapayipi ngezinhlayiya zemfucumfuculu ezifika phansi kwethangi.
Ukuvimbela ukuvalwa kwamapayipi ngokungcola kwamakhemikhali kwe-oksidi yensimbi, i-aluminium, i-magnesium, i-phosphorus eqongelela emanzini anzima, kusetshenziswa izengezo ze-acid. Ukusuka ekungcolisweni nge-mucus, ama-microorganisms, ukugeza ngokuphelele kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngokususwa kwama-plugs kanye ne-chlorination yamanzi.
Lapho sesiphothule umsebenzi wensimu, sihlanganisa uhlelo lokunisela, sigcoba kahle futhi somile ukulungiselela umsebenzi ngonyaka olandelayo.
I-automated Drip irrigation
Amakhosi athuthukile afunde ukuthi angaqala kanjani ukusebenzisa i-Drip irrigation automation usebenzisa:
- iprosesa ye-minicomputer, ama-valves we-electromagnetic, umswakama, izinga lokushisa, izinzwa zokucindezela ukusebenza, abalawuli abangashadile noma abaningi;
- i-timer efakwe kwiphampu yokuhambisa amanzi, ngosizo lwayo isikhathi sokulethwa nokuvalwa kwamanzi siyalawulwa.
I-minicomputer ibeka izindlela ezi-12 zokuhanjiswa kwamanzi kwegatsha ngalinye le-wiring yokunisela endaweni. Umthamo wamanzi ohlelweni ulawulwa ngokubheka ukuhlaziya okuzenzakalelayo kwemininingwane engenayo evela kuzwi lokushisa nomswakama. Izilawuli ezifakwe ohlelweni zifakwa emnyango wohlelo lokunisela ngemuva kwompompi we-valve nasezintanjaneni ezindaweni lapho kuxhunywa khona ngamapayiphu e-drip noma ngamapayipi akhethekile okuthunga. Ngokuzenzakalelayo banikeza umyalo wokuvula nokucima ukufakwa kuma-valve aneslenoid.
Izinhlelo zokunisela nge-othomathikhi ziyanciphisa kakhulu isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwamanzi, isikhathi sokubheka nokunakekela imibhede.
Izinzuzo eziphambili zokusebenzisa uhlelo lwenqubo eyenzelwe ekhaya
Zenzele ngokwakho ukunisela ngenkasa kukonga kakhulu izinsizakusebenza zezezimali ukuthenga izinto ezidingekayo nemishini. Okwesibili okuhlanganisa amathuba okususa leyo ngxenye echithiwe yohlelo lokugcoba: ingcweti eyakha ngokuchelela endaweni yayo izobona ngokushesha ubuthakathaka bayo bese ibalungisa besebenzisa izinto ezitholakalayo (noma bazithenge ezindaweni ezijwayelekile zokuhweba).
Izinzuzo ezijwayelekile zokunisela okwenziwe ngokuthile okwenziwa ekhaya:
- Umphumela onenzuzo ezitshalweni. Umswakama ugeleza ukhomba ngaphansi kwezimpande, ngaphandle kokuvala umhlabathi, ngaphandle kokwenza uqweqwe. I-waterlogging ayifakwa eceleni, izimpande ziphefumula kakhulu umjikelezo wokukhula nokuvuthwa kwezithelo zemifino namajikijolo. Izitshalo azilimalanga, ngokungafani nokuthola ukugeleza kwamanzi okuvela phezulu lapho ufafaza.
- Ukulondolozwa okubalulekile kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi, ukunciphisa okunciphisiwe nokungcoliswa kokungcola, umphuzi wohlelo lokunisela.
- Ukulahleka kwezilimo kusuka ezinambuzaneni nasezifo kuncishisiwe. Ama-fungicides, ama-insecticides, nezinye izinto ezivikela lapho kufakwa kumaqabunga azihlanzeki ngaphansi kwamanzi okugeleza ngesikhathi sokunisela.
- Amateyipu we-Drip atholakala kalula ngisho nasezindaweni ezinendawo engalingani, ukwakheka kwezigodi kwezinye izindawo nesomiso kwamanye imibhede akuvunyelwe.
- Ukhula lukhula kancane, ngoba alutholi manzi. Ezindaweni zokukhula kwazo, inhlabathi ihlala yomile.
Ukufakwa kwamanzi ngokulinganayo ezimpandeni okuhambisana nezinga lokushisa eliseduze namazinga okushisa enhlabathi kunika isivuno esizinzile emibhedeni.
Yiba nesineke namakhono, yenza uhlelo lwakho lokudonsa engadini yakho siqu. Gcina ukusetshenziswa kwabasebenzi namanzi esikhathini esizayo, ukujabulela isivuno esihle!
