IViola, eyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi ngamapansins, iyokukhuthazela futhi ayinakho konke ukunakekelwa. Umbala wayo ogqamile uzohlobisa noma iyiphi ingadi yezimbali, ngakho abatshali bezimbali batshala le mbali ngesifiso esikhulu. Ezindaweni ezinelanga, ama-viola aqhakaza kakhulu, kuyi-penumbra izimbali zayo ziqala ukubuna. Kodwa-ke, ukuthenga izithombo ezenziwe ngomumo njalo entwasahlobo kuyabiza impela, ngakho-ke abaningi bakhulisa izithombo ze-viola bebodwa. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinemibala eminingana futhi lapho sihlwanyelwa ngembewu, siyoqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka wesibili.
Tshala nini i-viola yezithombo?
Njengoba usuthenge izikhwama eziningana ze-viola ekhanyayo, naka iqiniso lokuthi ukuhlwanyelwa kwale mbali kwenziwa ehlobo. Abalimi abaningi bezimbali abangenalwazi benza iphutha lokutshala i-viola entwasahlobo, futhi balindele ukuthola izimbali eziqhakaza ehlobo. Lesi yisiko leminyaka emibili, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungayitshala nini i-viola yezithombo.
NgoJuni-Julayi, indawo yabiwa engadini yezimbali yokutshala imbewu yamapani. Imbewu iphathwa ngaphambilini nge-accelerator yokukhula. Imbewu ingcwatshwa ngo-0,5 cm ku-groove, ukuyifafaza ngomhlaba ngaphandle kwamaqhubu. Inhlabathi ithululelwa ngokucophelela ngamanzi, izama ukuthi ingabhubhisi indawo okuhlwanyelwa kuyo. Kuyasiza ukufaka motch indawo yokuhlwanyela ngokhuni oluncane, okuzosindisa umswakama enhlabathini.
Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, izithombo zizovela, kufanele ziboshwe kusuka elangeni nefilimu emnyama, ekhishwa ngemuva kwamasonto amabili. Ngo-Agasti, izithombo zizokhula futhi uzokwazi ukuzitshala endaweni ehlala njalo. Kulezi zinto zokutshala ezinjalo, izitshalo ezinamabala aluhlaza nokuqhakaza ziyatholakala, okungenakwenzeka ukufezekisa kusuka ku-viola etshalwe kusuka imbewu ngezithombo.
Ukunakekela izithombo ze-viola ezitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ukuwufudumeza ngotshani noma namagatsha esi-spruce ngaphambi kobusika. Lesi “simbozo” sizovikela uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo ekuqandeni.
Entwasahlobo, izitshalo ezincane zondliwa ngesisombululo somanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi kabili - ngaphambi kokuqalwa kokuqhakaza nasekuqalekeni kokuqhakaza.
Ukusetshenziswa komquba omusha akwemukeleki, ngoba lokhu kucasula lesi sifo "umlenze omnyama".
Ukutshala imbewu
Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esingesihle, ukutshala i-viola kwisithombo kusuka ekuhlwayelweni kuyindlela kuphela yokukhulisa le mbali.
Ubulukhuni bale ndlela yokukhula i-viola yisidingo sokwakha izimo eziningi:
- Ukukhanya okwengeziwe;
- Ukuhambisana nombuso wokushisa;
- Ukukhetha inhlabathi efanelekile.
Ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi, ungatshala i-viola yezithombo ekhaya. Phambilini, imbewu kumele ifakwe kwisisombululo seZircon, i-Epin noma isidakamizwa i-EM-1. lokhu kuzosheshisa ukuhluma kwembewu futhi kwenze izithombo zikwazi ukumelana namagciwane.
I-substrate efanelekile yokukhula kwe-viola yenziwe nge-peat, i-pH yayo engu-5.5-5.8. Awudingi ukwenza umanyolo enhlabathini enjalo, udinga ukondla izithombo ezise-viola esigabeni sokumiswa kwamaqabunga amabili angempela.
Ukuthola izithombo ezinhle, isimo esibalulekile ukudalwa kokudonsa amanzi esitsheni. Imbewu yeViola ihlwanyelwa izithombo ngaphezulu kwe-substrate enomswakama, ifafazwe ngesendlalelo esincanyana se-vermiculite. Ngaphambi kokuvela, isitsha simbozwe ngophahla lepulasitiki noma ucezu lwengilazi. Lokhu kuzosheshisa isikhathi sokuhluma kwembewu. Ngezikhathi ezithile, indawo yokukhosela kufanele isuswe ukuze kufakwe umoya omncane, okuzovikela ukwakheka kokukhunta enhlabathini. Uma usebenzisa izingilazi zokukhula, imbewu engu-3-4 kufanele ihlwanyelwe ngayinye yazo. Ngemuva kokuhluma, igciwane elinamandla futhi likhule kahle lishiywa endebeni, lisuse konke okusele.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesiqukathi, izithombo ze-viola zintshontsha kabili:
- Isikhathi sokuqala izitshalo ezitshalwa lapho kwakhiwa amaqabunga amabili eqiniso.
- Ukhetho lwesibili lwenziwa emavikini angama-5 ubudala. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa amabhodwe ahlukene, ububanzi bawo abudluli ku-10 cm.
Uma izitshalo zigaxela emabhokisini amakhulu ezithombo, kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ezingaba ngu-6 cm. Ukuze izithombo ezikhulayo, izingadi zokugcina ingadi ezingashisi ekhishini lasehlobo zilungile.
Njengoba ukuhlwanyelwa kwe-viola kwezithombo kwenziwa emhlabathini we-peat noma ezibhebheni ngaphandle komanyolo, ukugqoka kokuqala kokuqala kwenziwa ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa noma yimuphi umanyolo wamaminerali, uthele isisombululo ngaphansi kwempande. Ukondla okwengeziwe kuphindwa njalo ngenyanga. Ngokuchelela, futhi kudingeka uqaphele. Amanzi kufanele aqondiswe ngaphansi kwempande uqobo, agweme amaconsi awela phezu kwamaqabunga.
Izithombo zeViola ezitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile zitshalwa maphakathi no-Meyi, lapho kungabuye kulindeleke ukuthi iqhwa libuyele emuva.
Lapho udlulisela phansi kwefossa 5 cm ejulile, udinga ukuthulula isihlabathi esimbalwa njengokudonsa bese utshala izithombo zamapani ngesixha somhlaba. Ibanga phakathi kokutshala kufanele libe malunga ne-10-15 cm. Kwizitshalo ezinkulu ezinezimbali ezinkulu, ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla lingamasentimitha angama-20. Izithombo ziniselwa kakhulu ngaphansi kwezimpande futhi zibe nomthunzi omncane izinsuku ezimbalwa. Isihlabathi sizovumela amanzi ukuthi angene shí emhlabathini ngaphandle kokuqina. Lokhu kunciphisa ubungozi bomlenze omnyama viola.
Le iphethini eyisisekelo yokukhula kwamapani. Kepha kanjani ukukhulisa izithombo ze-viola ezinempilo ukuze zingathululi esitsheni esisefasiteleni?
Njengoba ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ezigabeni zokuqala, izithombo zidinga ukukhanyiselwa, zisebenzisa zona izibani ezijwayelekile ze-fluorescent noma ama-phytolamp, ahlukaniswa ngamadivayisi okhethekile wokukhanyisa. UViola udinga ubuncane bemini amahora angama-14-16. Isilawuli sokukhula Alar ngandlela thile sikhulisa ukukhula kwezithombo, kodwa ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kokukhanya.
Ngokuqondene nombuso wokushisa, ama-degrees angama-18-30 okushisa ayadingeka ukuhluma kwembewu. Ukuphambuka kunoma yikuphi ukuqondisa kuthinta kabi ukuhluma kwezimbewu ze-viola.
Ngisho nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okufika ku-23 degrees kube yisizathu sokuthi amahlumela e-viola abambezelwe isikhathi esingange inyanga eyodwa. Lapho nje kuvela amahlumela ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi, izinga lokushisa kufanele lehliswe libe ngama-12-15 degrees. Izithombo ezikhulile ze-viola zibekezelela kalula amazinga okushisa aphansi, ngisho naku-5 degrees azizwa kahle. Kulokhu, intuthuko inciphisa kancane kancane, kepha ezimweni zokuntuleka kokukhanya, izithombo azinjalo.
