Izimbuzi zibhekwa njengenye yezilwane zokuqala ezifuywe ngabantu. Izinhlobo ezifuywayo zanamuhla zezimbuzi zinobisi, inyama, uboya kanye nokugxila phansi. Futhi emhlabeni kunezinhlobo eziningi eziphakathi nendawo ezivumela abafuyi bemfuyo ukuba bathole umkhiqizo wezithelo eziphezulu emikhondweni emibili noma emithathu.
Okuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabanikazi bezindawo zasemapulazini ezizimele zaseRussia kanye nezinhlobo zobisi, inyama nobisi kanye nenyama noboya, futhi ngaphezu kwengxenye yenani eliphelele lezilwane selikhulile ukukhiqiza ubisi.
Izithombe nezincazelo zezinja zembuzi ezithole ukuthandwa kakhulu ezweni kuzosiza abalimi abasaqala ukuzulazula ukwahlukahlukana okukhona futhi basondele ngokucophelela ukwakheka komhlambi wabo wezimbuzi.
I-Zaanensky yohlobo lwezimbuzi
Lo mholi wase-Europe ngokuthandwa nangokukhiqiza ubhekwe kufanelekile ngohlobo lwezimbuzi lwaseSaanen, olwaqanjwa ngegama lendawo esezintabeni zaseSwitzerland, lapho lazalelwa khona. ISwitzerland yaba indawo yokuzalwa kwezinja eziningana ezidumile zezimbuzi, akumangazi. Indawo enesimo sezulu esivumayo notshani obabayo ibonakala ngathi yenzelwe ukulima ubisi, kepha indawo enentaba ayihlali ilungele uklaba umphakeli ophambili wobisi - izinkomo. Ngakho-ke, ukukhula ngokushesha, okungenakungabaza futhi ngemuva kweqhubu lotshani obukhwela kalula izimbuzi ezinwame kakhulu ezingafinyeleleki baba yi-godend yabalimi abaningi baseSwitzerland.
Uhlobo lweMbuzi lwamaSanen lwazalwa ngenxa yokukhethwa kwabantu. Okukhulu, kusuka ku-50 kuye ku-90 kg ngesisindo, izilwane eziqine zibonisa ukukhiqizwa okuhle kobisi. Izinsikazi zivundile ngokweqile, futhi imbuzi ezelwe inamandla amakhulu futhi isebenza kakhulu. Uma isisindo somntwana esazalwa singama-1.5-3 kg, lapho ngonyaka imbuzi noma imbuzi inesisindo esingama-10 ngaphezulu.
Phakathi nonyaka, insikazi endala inikela ngamalitha obisi angaba ngu-650 anokuqukethwe kwamafutha angaba ngu-4%. Ukucashiswa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-300.
Futhi izimbuzi zohlobo lweZaanen ezafika eRussia cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule. Ngalesi sikhathi, lezi zilwane zikuqinisekisile ukuzithoba kwazo, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezilula zezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene nokukhiqiza ubisi oluphezulu. Ngokusekelwe kubamele abahamba phambili kulokhu kuzalaniswa kwezimbuzi, imigqa yama-pedigree nezinhlobo ezintsha yatholakala.
Kodwa-ke, ngisho nale nhlobo, eyaziwa kudala ngabantu, iyakwazi ukuveza isimanga. Izimbuzi ezimhlophe zohlobo lweZaanensky kwesinye isikhathi zinezimbuzi ezingwevu noma nsundu. Le nto ihlotshaniswa nokubonakaliswa kofuzo olwembayo, abathwali babo okungabamele abathile abamsulwa. Izimbuzi ezinjalo azikhiqizi kangako kunomama bazo abamhlophe, kodwa kude kakhulu nokuthathwa njalo ngokuzaliswayo.
Toggenburg izimbuzi
Enye indlela endala yezimbuzi yaseSwitzerland eyaqanjwa ngohlobo lwe-canton yaseToggenburg, lapho iye yathuthukiswa futhi yaxhaswa ngokomlando kusukela ngekhulu le-18. Imbuzi yobisi yaseToggenburg muva nje inikeze izinhlobo eziningana zaseYurophu. Futhi igazi lakhe lisesitokweni sezimbuzi zaseRussia, iBrithani neCzech.
Uma siqhathanisa izilwane zalolu hlobo lwezimbuzi neZaanensky, khona-ke lezi zokugcina zikhulu kakhulu. Isisindo, ngokwesibonelo, imbuzi yaseToggenburg ingama-60 kg, kanti izihlobo zayo zaseSaanenthal zinobunzima obungu-15-30 kg. Izimbuzi zinombala onsundu ikakhulu emihlobeni ehlukahlukene enamamaki amhlophe emilenzeni, ezindlebeni nasekhanda.
Izilwane zaseSwitzerland ezichazwe yizimbuzi zobisi ezingenaphunga, okubalulekile ukuthola hhayi imikhiqizo enempilo kuphela, kepha emnandi ngempela.
Uhlobo lwembuzi lwaseToggenburg lukhombisa ukukhiqizwa okuhle kobisi. Imbuzi yezinsuku ezingama-260 - ezingama-300 zokuqunjelwa ngonyaka ingakhiqiza amalitha obisi ayi-1000.
Izinhlobo ezimhlophe zaseRussia zezimbuzi
Enye yezinhlobo zezimbuzi ezaziwa kakhulu eRussia, etholakala ngesisekelo sezilwane zaseZaanensky, isiphenduke iRussia White. Abamele lolu hlobo lwenhlobo yezilwane cishe njalo banesudi emhlophe, amasayizi amakhulu, ubuciko obuhle kakhulu nokukhiqizwa okukhulu kobisi. Okonyaka, imbuzi ibiliswa ubisi kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezingama-300, kuyilapho inikela ngamalitha angama-500 obisi anokuqukethwe okunamafutha kuze kufike ku-5%. Izimbuzi ikakhulukazi ezingenazimpondo. Ijazi lezilwane lifushane, lilukhuni, cishe ngaphandle kwangaphansi kwezingubo zangaphansi.
Izimbuzi ze-Anglo-Nubian
Izimbuzi ze-Anglo-Nubian zingamelela indlela yenyama kanye nobisi. Okwasendulo, ngokomlando owakheka ezingxenyeni ezinamadwala eNyakatho yeSudan, lo mhlobo wawusetshenziswa izakhamizi zasendaweni amakhulu eminyaka njengendawo yonke futhi ungazethembi ngokwedlulele. Isithakazelo esivela kubantu baseYurophu saboniswa okokuqala ngaboloni abangamaFrance nabamaNgisi.
Ngakho-ke, lapho ubona incazelo noma isithombe sohlobo lweMbuzi yaseNubian, kufanele wazi ukuthi sikhuluma ngezilwane zanamuhla zase-Anglo-Nubian. Njengomphumela wokuwela izimbuzi zase-Afrika ezingenabuntu nabantu abakhiqizayo baseBrithani, kwatholakala izinhlobo ezintsha. Izimbuzi ze-Anglo-Nubian zinokubukeka okungajwayelekile, amasayizi amakhulu nenyama ethokozisayo nedatha yobisi.
I-Humpbacked, enezindlebe ezilengayo, izinsikazi zingakhula zibe ngama-80 kg, kanti nezinsizwa ezinkulu ezifanayo zingakhula zibe ngu-130 kg. Ukukhula kwembuzi endala kuvame ukufika kuma-90 cm lapho ibuna.
Izilwane azithembeki ekubukekeni nasekwenzeni ukudla, ngenkathi zinika amalitha angama-800 obisi olunamafutha amaningi ngonyaka. Efanele ukuphuza nokwenza i-lactic acid, ushizi we-cottage shizi kanye nemikhiqizo yoshizi, izinto zokusetshenziswa ziqukethe kufinyelela kuma-8% amafutha.
I-Cameroon Dwarf Goats
Izimbuzi ezincane ezivela eCameroon azisakazanga ezweni lakubo kuphela, kepha futhi emazweni amaningi aseYurophu ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obunesizotha, ziqopha ukungazithembi kanye nekhwalithi enhle yobisi nenyama. Uma uyikholelwa leyonto, khona-ke ezimbucweni ezimfishane ze-Old World zangena emikhunjini yabadobi nepirates. Izilwane zazithandeka kakhulu kangangokuba zazibekezelela kalula uhambo olude lwezinyanga, ngaphandle kokuphakela ababisi ubisi nenyama entsha.
Namuhla, ukuthandwa kwezilwane kusekelwa iqiniso lokuthi kuwuhlobo lwezimbuzi zobisi olunephunga. Inyama yembuzi yalokhu kuzalanisa nayo ayinayo i-aftertaste emnandi.
Izinhlobo ze-Alpine zezimbuzi
Ezifundeni eziphakeme zamazwe aseYurophu zakha ngomlando izinhlobo zazo zobisi nezinyama nezimbuzi zobisi. Zonke lezi zilwane zibonakaliswa ngokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha, ukuzithoba, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nomusa okhombisa ukuhlangana namadwala. Ekuqaleni kwalelikhulu leminyaka elidlule, abafuyi baseMelika bazibekela umgomo wokuthola izinhlobo zezimbuzi ezihlanganisa zonke izici ezinhle zenani le-alpine lezimbuzi ezifuywayo.
Ngokusho kwezithombe nezincazelo zokuzalelwa kwezimbuzi ze-alpine, izilwane ezivela eSwitzerland, eFrance, e-Italiya nakwamanye amazwe ezwekazi bahlanganyele ekwakhekeni kwalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimbuzi zathola uhlu oluningi lwezakhi zofuzo, eziboniswa, ngokwesibonelo, ngombala we-motley wezingane ezizalwa ezimbuzini ze-alpine.
Izimbuzi ze-Boer
Namuhla, izimbuzi azikhuliswanga ubisi noboya kuphela, kepha zenzelwe inyama. Izinhlobo ezinjalo zibonakala kalula ngemisipha ethuthukisiwe, ithambo eliqinile. Futhi izimbuzi zeBoer, ezithunyelwa zivela e-Afrika eseningizimu cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, zingasebenza njengesibonelo.
Isisindo sembuzi endala yalokhu kuzala sifinyelela ku-130 kg, insikazi ilula kancane ibe ngu-30-35 kg. Ngokubukeka, uhlobo lweBoer lunokufana okuningi nolunye uhlobo lwase-Afrika - Izimbuzi ze-Anglo-Nubian.
Izimbuzi ze-Boer zanamuhla zivuthwe zakuqala, zibonakaliswa ukukhula okuphezulu nokukhuthazela. Akuvamile ukuba bagule futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, babe nenyama emnandi ngokweqile, ngaphandle kwesibonakaliso esincane sokuhogela.
Izimbuzi zase-brown czech
Umlando wokuzala kwembuzi yaseCzech uhlehlela emuva cishe ikhulu leminyaka, yize wawunikezwe kuphela isemthethweni ngonyaka wama 70s wekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Lapho kudalwa izimbuzi zaseCzech, abakhiqizi bezinhlobonhlobo ze-alpine abahlanganyeli bahlanganyela. Umphumela womsebenzi wokuzala udlula konke obekulindelwe. Izilwane zalolu hlobo olukhethiwe, oluqinile lwezinhlobo zezimbuzi zakha kabusha ngokushesha ukusuka kwesinye isidumbu ziye kwesinye, zingaba sedlelo isikhathi eside futhi zikwazi ukubekezelela kalula ukuwela isikhathi eside ezintabeni.
Imbuzi yaseCzech ifinyelela isisindo esingama-50 kg, amaduna awesisindo esisodwa nesigamu. Ngonyaka, isivuno sembuzi enjalo sifinyelela kumalitha angama-800. Ngasikhathi sinye, ubisi alunamakha noma ukunambitheka okungathandeki futhi, okunokuqukethwe okunamafutha acishe abe yi-3.5%, kunokuthungwa okuthe xaxa nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-lactose.
Izimbuzi ze-Angora
Yize izimbuzi zama-Angora zithathwa njengomunye wabamele abancane kakhulu kulolu hlobo lobuciko, ziyabhekwa ngokufana nezinye izinhlobo ezidumile. Lokhu kuzalanisa kwasendulo okuvela eMiddle East, kusuka eTurkey naseKurdistan. Izilwane, ezijwayele isimo sezulu esishintsha kakhulu, zimbozwe ngezinwele ezinde ezincanyana ezinezinwele ezigobekile. Isisindo sabantu abadala, ngokuya ngobulili, sisuka ku-35 kuye ku-55 kg. Zombili izimbuzi nezimbuzi zinezimpondo.
Uboya baziwa nge-luster yayo, amandla e-fiber nekhwalithi. Umbala oyinhloko wohlobo lwembuzi - mhlophe. Uboya obunjalo bubaluleke kakhulu, yize ungabona izimpunga, ngisho nezimbuzi ezimnyama ze-Angora.
