Ekwindla, lapho izimbali eziningi nezitshalo sezilahlekelwe ukuhlobisa kwazo, iziza eziningi zensimu zihlotshiswe ngeklabishi elihlobisa. Lesi sitshalo esingajwayelekile siheha abalimi ngemibala ehlukahlukene, ukwakheka kwamaqabunga nosayizi. Ukukhombise ukucabanga okuncane, ngosizo lwayo ungahlobisa noma isiphi isiza. Iklabishi elihlobisayo libonakala kusukela ekuqaleni kwekwindla futhi liyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho iqhwa. Ikhule ngamandla ngisho nakubalimi abasaqala.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo zeklabishi elihlobisa: izithombe, amagama
Kungekudala, lolu hlobo lwesitshalo lwaluthathwa njengokudla futhi lwalusetshenziswa njengokudla kuphela ngezilwane ezifuywayo. Kodwa izimbali ezinhle nezingajwayelekile zadonsela ukunaka kwama-botanists futhi zaba yinto yomsebenzi wokukhetha. Ngenxa yalokhu, namuhla ezitolo zezimbali ungathola cishe izinhlobo eziyikhulu zeklabishi elihlobisayo bese ukhetha lezo oyithandayo ukudala ukwakheka komhlaba.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili ayinhloko. Iqembu lokuqala lifaka izinhlobo zamaqabunga, ukuphakama kwawo kungaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-50. Bahlukaniswa izidalwa ezinkulu ezihlakazekile, njengokungathi kusikwe amaqabunga ezinhlobonhlobo zemithunzi. Iqembu lesibili libonakala ngamakhanda akhangayo weklabishi ngisho namaqabunga entambo ahlulekile. Isikhathi esiningi imibala emibili noma emithathu.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zeklabishi Lomhlobisookufanele ukunakwa okukhethekile:
"I-Kai ne-Gerda" - imbali enamaqabunga aluhlaza-onsomi neziqu ezinzima, ezikhula zibe ngamasentimitha angama-50.- ILark Tongue inamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani omude.
- Iklabishi eliwumhlobiso "elibomvu" lihlukaniswa isentimitha sesihlahla esingamasentimitha angama-70, namaqabunga atholakala kuso sonke isiqu sobubende.
- I-Red Bor - isitshalo esinokuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-80, ezingxenyeni zazo ezinamaqabunga aqhakaza umbala obomvu okhazimulayo.
- "Robin" ububanzi angaba ngamasentimitha angama-40, futhi ukuphakama - kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-1.5. Le nhlobonhlobo yaphakathi nesizini enamaqabunga abomvu e-red-violet imelana nezifo ezahlukahlukene futhi ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi.
- "Iklabishi eluhlaza" iklabishi elihlobisa lingaba mude noma lincane ngosayizi. Amacembe akhe ama-curly fluffy ane-tint eluhlaza.
- "Ingadi Curly" - isitshalo esingaba amasentimitha angama-60 ukuphakama ngamaqabunga ansomi, amhlophe noma apinki. Amaqabunga onakele aqoqwe esitolo atholakala eduze kwesiqu.
- "Imibala yaseMpumalanga" iyindlela eya sekwephuzile yeklabishi yokuhlobisa ebekezelela iqhwa kahle. Lesi sitshalo sine-rosette ebhebhethekisayo, umbala ovela kuyo oluhlaza grey kancane kancane uphenduka ube nsomi.
- "Iklabishi eluhlaza" iklabishi linobude obungaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-70 namaqabunga apinki, amhlophe, aluhlaza okotshani, obomvu noma ophuzi. Lesi sitshalo singaba isicaba, siyindilinga, sinezinsika noma olunye uhlobo.
"I-Kai ne-Gerda" - imbali enamaqabunga aluhlaza-onsomi neziqu ezinzima, ezikhula zibe ngamasentimitha angama-50.Lezi yizinhlobonhlobo eziphambili zeklabishi yokuhlobisa, engaqukatha ezinye izikhungo ezingezansi.
Izici zokukhula zokuhlobisa iklabishi
Ukusakazeka kwalesi simanga se-biennial esimangalisayo zithwalwa yimbewu, ongathengwa emakethe noma esitolo esikhethekile. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokukhula amaqabunga okuhlobisa kuphela, kuthi ngonyaka wesibili kube khona imbali. Ngenhloso yokuhlobisa, izitshalo zonyaka wokuqala ziyasetshenziswa.
Ungakhula kanjani izithombo?
Ukuthola isivuno esicebile, kufanele wazi ukuthi zingatshalwa nini izithombo endaweni yangakini. Kunconywa ukufakelwa iklabishi emhlabathini ovulekile lapho uneminyaka engafika kwezinsuku ezingama-80. Ukutshala kamuva kuzoba nomthelela omubi ekulimeni kwesitshalo.
Kufanele kubhekwe ikakhulukazi ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi, lapho ikhwalithi yezithombo izoncika kuyo. Sebenzisa okunconyiwe ukuxuba komhlaba, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat, okumele iphathwe kuqala ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate noma ichithwe ngamanzi abilayo. Inhlabathi elungiselelwe ibekwe esitsheni.
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini enomswakama ifinyelele kusentimitha eyodwa. Ukuze ihlume kahle futhi ngokushesha, isitsha kufanele sibekwe endaweni efudumele futhi imbozwe i-foil. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, izithombo kufanele zinikezwe ukukhanyiswa okwenele, futhi izinga lokushisa kufanele lehliselwe kumadigri ayishumi nambili.
Ngokushesha lapho kuvela amaqabunga okuqala, izithombo kufanele zitshalwe kumapheya ahlukile we-peat. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ukubakhipha emhlabathini nge-spatula ekhethekile noma isipuni. Izitshalo ezincane zingashiswa kuphela ngamaqabunga e-cotyledon.
Esikhathini esizayo, ukunakekelwa kwezithombo kuqukethe ukuthambisa ngesikhathi, engeza inhlabathi njengoba ikhula futhi ivundiswa kanye ngesonto kanye nezakhiwo zamaminerali.
Ezindaweni ezivulekile izithombo zitshalwa komunye nomunye ebangeni lamasentimitha angama-30.
Ukunakekelwa Kokuklabha Komhlobiso
Ukukhulisa le mbali engajwayelekile kuyindaba elula. Konke ukunakekelwa kuqukethe ngokunisela okufika ngesikhathi, ukhula, umanyolo nokukhulula inhlabathi.
Ezinye izici zokunakekelwa:
ukuchelela nokufafaza kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu ekuseni noma kusihlwa amahora;- ukwanisa izimpande nge-oksijini - kanye ngeviki ngemuva kokunisela noma izimvula, kunconywa ukukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo;
- esimweni sezulu esomile, kungcono ukunisela iklabishi nsuku zonke;
- ukuze kukhule imbali ngokuphelele, imibhede kufanele isuswe ukhula kusuka kukhula;
- cishe kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyishumi, iklabishi elihlobisayo kufanele londliwe ngokunye nomanyolo we-mullein kanye namaminerali.
ukuchelela nokufafaza kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu ekuseni noma kusihlwa amahora;Lapho kukhula iklabishi lomhlobiso, akunconywa ukufaka umquba emhlabathini. Ngokugqoka okunjalo okuphezulu, amaqabunga ayoba makhulu, kepha umbala wawo uzoba luhlaza kakhulu bese umhlobiso wesitshalo uzoncipha.
Imbali yokuhlobisa Ukudluliselwa kalula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele kufakwe ngokucophelela ngesigaxa somhlaba futhi sitshalwe endaweni entsha. Ngemuva kwalokhu, lesi sitshalo kumele siphulwe kahle.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, iklabishi “lizoqhakaza” kusuka kuJulayi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Akesabi amazinga okushisa e-subzero. Lesi sitshalo sizogcina imihlobiso yaso ngisho nasebusika obubandayo ku -10C.
Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo
Ngesikhathi sokukhula imbali yokuhlobisa, abatshali bezimbali bangahlangabezana nenkinga efana nezinambuzane namagundane. Okokuqala konakalisa ukubukeka kokuhlobisa kweklabishi ngokudla amaqabunga awo. Izimpunga zidla izimpande zesitshalo, okuholela ekufeni kwaso.
Iklabishi elithandwa kakhulu izimvemvane-abamhlophe nama-slugs. Ukuvikela ngokumelene nabo, kunconywa:
hlola amaqabunga ngezikhathi ezithile, ususa izinambuzane kuzo;- ukuvikela imbali, ufafaze inhlabathi ngenaliti noma ngomlotha;
- uma iklabishi ingadliwa, ingafafazwa ngama-insecticides akhethekile;
- Ungasusa izimvemvane kanye nama-slugs usebenzisa ikhambi le-superphosphate;
- ukulawula izinambuzane, ungasebenzisa i- "Lepodocide" ne "Bitoxibacillin";
- ekwazi ukwethusa izinambuzane ezitshalwe kude ne-dill yeklabishi, i-calendula noma i-basil.
hlola amaqabunga ngezikhathi ezithile, ususa izinambuzane kuzo;Imvamisa imbali yokuhlobisa kuvezwe izifo zesikhunta. Ngokuvamile, imbangela yokuvela kwayo ingahle ihambisane nokuswakama ngokweqile. Kungakho ukuchelela isitshalo kufanele kube njalo, kepha kungabi ngokweqile.
Iklabishi lokuhlobisa liyisitshalo esiqinile nesilwisanayo. Ngokuvimbela okufika ngesikhathi nokunakekelwa okufanele, azikho izinkinga zezifo nezinambuzane okufanele ziphakame.
Iklabishi elihlobisa ngokuhlunga kwezwe
Izinketho zokutshala iklabishi zincike ngosayizi wazo, kanye nomcabango nokukhethwa ngumnikazi wesakhiwo. Ukuhlobisa izigaba ngazinye, imibhede yezimbali noma izindlela zifanelwe kangcono izinhlobo zezitshalo eziphakathi.
Ukwakheka okuhle nokuvumelanayo kungadalwa ngosizo lwe- "Green branched" ne "Curly green" iklabishi, elibekwe ngemuva kwezihlahlana ezihlotshisiwe noma ezihlobisayo.- Usebenzisa izihlahlana ezahlukahlukene, ama-perennials kanye neklabishi, ungakha izingoma eziningi ezimangalisayo.
- Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zembali yokuhlobisa emibhedeni yezimbali ungenza imihlobiso ehlukene namaphethini.
- Ngosizo lwesitshalo, imibhede enhle yezimbali yokulengiswa kanye nkqo yakhiwe kalula.
- Iklabishi elikhula kahle izimbali ezinkulu noma ezimbizeni. Esitsheni esinethamo lamalitha ayi-10-15, ungatshala izitshalo ezintathu ngasikhathi sinye. Kulokhu, ukuchelela izitshalo kufanele kwenziwe okungenani zonke ezinye izinsuku. Ubuhle bokutshala okunjalo ukuthi kuze kube imbali ifinyelele ekuhlobiseni kwayo, imbali yezimbali nayo ingafakwa eceleni. Futhi kusukela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwenkathi yehlobo, uyohlala endaweni efanelekile egcekeni lezimbali noma eduze kwendlu.
- Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuthi kuqala izithombo zeklabishi zitshalwe kumibhede engafinyeleleki. Futhi kuphela uma imbali ifinyelela ubuhle bayo obukhulu - ukuyitshala esikhundleni sokuphela konyaka emibhedeni yezimbali ephakathi.
Ukwakheka okuhle nokuvumelanayo kungadalwa ngosizo lwe- "Green branched" ne "Curly green" iklabishi, elibekwe ngemuva kwezihlahlana ezihlotshisiwe noma ezihlobisayo.Ukuze iklabishi yokuhlobisa ijabule ngobuhle bayo ngaphambi koNyaka oMusha, ingadluliselwa kusuka engadini iye endaweni yezimbali futhi ulethe egumbini. Imbali esike futhi ibekwe emqeshweni wamanzi ingama endlini cishe inyanga.
Njengoba ufunde izibonelo zezithombe nokusebenzisa okucatshangwa kancane, ungahlobisa ngempumelelo isiza sakho sengadi ngeklabishi elihlobisa. Lesi sitshalo esingenakuzithoba ngokuphelele ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ziyojabulisa ngezithunzi zalo ezicebile, ezikhanyayo nezingajwayelekile kuze kube sekwindla. Ngisho nezitshalo eziqandisiwe, eziminza eqhweni, zibukeka zimangalisa kakhulu.
