Uma ufuna indlu yezwe lakho ibukeke yoqobo, ngokwesibonelo, njengenqaba ebunjiwe, nenkundla yendlu ifana nengadi yomlingo, kufanele unake isitshalo esinjengomvini wamantombazane.
Ngenkambiso yentuthuko, ukhula izikebhe eziqinile ezidala ukhaphethi obukhulu odongeni, i-gazebo, uthango, okwenza sikwazi ukubheka noma yiziphi izinto sengathi zingokwabephakathi.
Izici Zomvini Wamantombazane
Izithombe zalesi sitshalo zingatholakala kwi-Intanethi, noma kunjalo, akuyena wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi waziwa ngegama elihlukile - intombi ivy. Lokhu kungachazwa iqiniso lokuthi lingakha izithelo ngaphandle kokuvunda.
Izimbali zesitshalo azibukeki, futhi nezithelo azidli. Kodwa-ke, kubahlali abaningi ehlobo, amagilebhisi amantombazane ayathandeka ngoba angaphumelela kakhulu sebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba, into esemqoka ukuthi idonsela abanikazi bezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba - amahlamvu okuhlobisa.
Amaqabunga anombala wesundu futhi anombala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Iziqalo zokuqala zenza amahlamvu aguqule umbala wawo wokuqala abe ngu-crimson xaxa. Kodwa-ke, kuze kufike ubusika, indawo engaphansi kwedolobha ngeke ilahlekelwe umhlobiso wayo oyinhloko, owakhiwa ngamaqabunga wezimbali ezibomvu nezibubende.
Ukutshala amagilebhisi kunconyelwa endaweni lapho eduzane kukhona ukusekelwa okumi phezulungoba ama-lianas adinga indawo yokukhula. Ngakho-ke, abaningi bakhulisa uthango.
Umnikazi kuzofanele agaye amagilebhisi ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba uma kungekho okulawula lesi sitshalo se-perennial, uzogcwalisa yonke indawo yamahhala.
Ngenxa yale mpahla, amagilebhisi amantombazane ayaba kabanzi ekwakhiweni komhlaba, ngoba ngawo ungacasha kalula izakhiwo zamapulazi ezingasebenzi, futhi ufihle izindonga zezindlu ezingafinyelelwanga.
Phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo zezitshalo kufanelekile ukugcizelela ukuthi neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni i-microclimate, ngakho-ke kungacindezela izinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane.
Izinhlobo zezithelo zomvini zasendle zokuhlobisa
Into esemqoka eheha abahlali basehlobo kulesi sitshalo ukuthi amagilebhisi amantombazane awadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ngakho-ke, udinga kuphela ukukhetha indawo okufanele ufike kuyo, ngemuva kwalokho izothuthukiswa ngokuzimela.
Izinzuzo ezinjengokungabi nalutho kanye nezakhiwo ezihlotshisiwe zokuhlobisa ziye zaba ngesinye sezizathu ezinkulu zokuthi kungani lokhu okuhlala njalo kungatholakala ezingadini eziningi.
Lapho ujwayela amagilebhisi amantombazane, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi ungummeleli womndeni wakwaVinogradov. Kuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziyi-12, eziningi zazo zitholakala emazweni ase-Asia, eNyakatho Melika.
Ngaphandle kokunye ukwehluka kwabo, bonke batholile kusabalele njengomhlobiso ekwakhiweni komhlaba.
Amagilebhisi Amantombazane Ayisihlanu. Imvamisa le nhlobonhlobo ibizwa ngokuthi ngamagilebhisi angazintombi. Ngonyaka owodwa, imivini yayo ingafinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayi-2,5. Lokhu kwanele ukumboza isakhiwo esinokuphakama okungamamitha ayi-15 ezintangeni.
Amaqabunga anesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi sesundu, angafinyelela kubude be-10 cm, ekugcineni kukhona iphuzu elikhonjisiwe. Le nhlobonhlobo yamagilebhisi ithola izakhiwo zokuhlobisa ekwindla, lapho amahlamvu awo ebomvu.
Njengesitshalo esitshaliwe, yaqala ukuvuthwa emuva ngo-1622. Ngakho-ke, ungamangali ukuthi izithombe zalokhu okuhlukahlukene zingaba khona zombili kumamagazini wesimanje nasemidwebeni ovela emuva ku-Renaissance and the Enlightenment.
Amagilebhisi Amantombazane amathathu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi amagilebhisi we-ivy. Lokhu kungachazwa iqiniso lokuthi lifana ngokuqinile nalesi sitshalo ngamahlamvu awo. Amaqabunga ale nhlobonhlobo yamagilebhisi anomumo onamahlamvu amathathu.
Amahlumela angakhula ngobude afike kumamitha ayi-15 ukuya ku-20. Le nhlobonhlobo yamagilebhisi ibekezelela izinga lokushisa elibi. Kakade phakathi nesithwathwa sokuqala, ushintsho olubonakalayo ekubukekeni kwalokhu kwezinhlobonhlobo luyenzeka: esikhundleni sombala ojwayelekile, amaqabunga athola ama-red-ons and orange orange.
Kulesi sitshalo, kuyisiko ukwahlukanisa izinhlobo ngazinye eziye zaphimisa izici. Ukubukeka kwegolide inamaqabunga ahlotshiswe amabala aphuzi. Ezinhlotsheni eziphuzi, amahlamvu amaqabunga anombala omnyama onezimbali ezimnyama.
Izici zokuhlobisa amagilebhisi eVicha nazo zishiwo ngokucacile - amaqabunga awo amancane amancane anendawo ecwebezelayo, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqala kwamaqabunga okuqala aguqula umbala wawo ojwayelekile ube owolintshi.
Ukulungiselela ukufika
Amagilebhisi amantombazane azizwa kahle hhayi ezindaweni ezinelanga kuphela, kodwa futhi nasethunzini. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ekwindla, lapho kuqala isithwathwa sokuqala, amagilebhisi amantombazane athola isimilo sombala salesi sikhathi sonyaka.
Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe abaningi bayavuma ukuthi okuyiyona efanelekile kakhulu ekukhuliseni lesi sitshalo indawo enelanga.
Ungakhula amagilebhisi asendle ocingweni noma kolunye uxhaso ngasohlangothini olusenyakatho, kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ngeke uwushintshe umbala wawo oluhlaza kuze kube yilapho amahlamvu eqala ukubuna ngenxa yesimo sezulu sokuqala esibandayo.
Ukukhula ezinhlangothini eziseningizimu nasempumalanga yesakhiwo kunenzuzo yokuthi kulezi zindawo ukukhiqizwa kabusha kuthatha isikhathi esincane, futhi amaqabunga akhula amakhulu.
Ungahlwanyela imbewu ekwindla. Ngokuqondene nokufakelwa kwezithombo, kunconywa ukuthi lo msebenzi uhlelelwe intwasahlobo. Amagilebhisi amantombazane akafuneki kakhulu kwikhwalithi yenhlabathi.
Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo sisazizwa singcono uma sikhula ngokukhethekile izingxube zomhlabathi ezilungiselelwe. Ukuze uyilungiselele, kuzodingeka lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- 2 izingxenye zensimu yomhlaba.
- 2 izingxenye zomquba.
- 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi.
Ngemuva kokuxubana kahle kwazo zonke izithako, imigodi elungiselelwe ukutshala igcwele ngale ndlela.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Njengomthetho, izakhamuzi zasehlobo kuphela ezinolwazi zenza umsebenzi wokutshala amagilebhisi asendle kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Wabasaqalayo abaphakanyisiwe ukusebenzisa le ndlela yokuzala, hhayi ngoba le nqubo idinga isikhathi esiningi nomzamo.
Imvamisa akunakwenzeka ukufeza umphumela owufunayo ngoba akuyona yonke imbewu engasetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, esimweni lapho umlimi engenazo izinto zokutshala, akanazo ezinye izindlela.
Umsebenzi ophoqelelwe ukuthi imbewu kumele wenziwe ngaphambi kokutshala yi-stratation. Kungenziwa ezimweni zemvelo: lokhu, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekwindla emhlabathini, lapho kumele kushiswe umoya izinyanga ezintathu.
Lokhu ungakwenza futhi entwasahlobo, kepha kulokhu, isikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa kukhethwe amasonto angama-6-7 ngaphambili kunezinsuku zokutshala ezijwayelekile ekhaya:
- Kuthathwa isitsha esincanyana, esigcwele isihlabathi esihlanzekile.
- Isihlabathi sidinga ukuthululwa kahle, bese sihlwanyela imbewu etholakalayo kuyo.
- Ngemuva kwalokho isitsha sidinga ukumbozwa ngefilimu.
- Ngokulandelayo, isitsha kufanele sibekwe endaweni ebandayo, isibonelo, esiqandisini. Ngokuziphatha okusebenzayo kwale nqubo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kuka + 5 degrees Celsius.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwezitifiketi, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isihlabathi sihlala simanzi. Lokhu kwenziwa kuze kube yilapho sebeqala ukuhluma amahlumela embewu.
Uma imbewu ithola ukucutshungulwa kokulungiselela emhlabathini ovulekile, bese kuthi emva kwenyanga kusuka ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, imbewu yokuqala ingalindeleka.
Ukutshala ukusika
Abalimi abaningi bakhetha indlela yokusabalalisa ngemisiko ngenxa yokuchitha isikhathi esincane nesikhathi okufanele sigcinwe ngaphambi kokuthola izinto zokutshala. Ngemuva kokusika imivini yabo ibekwe endaweni evulekilelapho zisuka khona ngokushesha.
Ukuthola izinto zokutshala ezisezingeni eliphakeme, lo msebenzi wenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- ukusakazeka kudinga ukusikwa okunezinso okungenani ezine;
- emgodini olungiselelwe, isigaxa kufanele sibekwe ngendlela yokuthi ama-buds amabili abekwe ngaphezu komhlaba;
- ukutshala kumele kuqedwe ngokunisela;
- ukuze ugweme ukushiswa, kunconywa ukuvikela umbhede elangeni eliqondile;
- Ungathola izithombo ezinhle uma inhlabathi ivame ukuthambisa.
Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa
Le ndlela yokuthola izithombo zamagilebhisi asendle ingahle ibe nentshisekelo kulabo asebevele benamakhasi avuthiwe esizeni. Kulokhu, ukutshala nokunakekela izitshalo ezincane kuzokwenzeka ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhetha indawo yesihlahla esisha.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza kabusha ngale ndlela yenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, udinga ukucacisa imivini eneminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, zigobile emhlabathini futhi zimiswe kulesi sikhundla.
- Indawo yamatheya kufanele imbozwe ngenhlabathi evundile.
- Ukulindela ukhula lwenqubo yokubamba, kuyadingeka ukunisela njalo.
- Ngemuva konyaka, uhlelo lwezimpande oluzele luphelele luzokwakheka lapho kulwelwa khona, ngemuva kwalokho luzothuthukiselwa endaweni engapheli.
Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe
Ngemuva kokuthola izinto zokutshala nokuyifaka kwenye indawo, izindlela zokunakekela eziyinhloko zizoncishiswa ukuze kususwe amahlumela angenasidingo futhi kufakwe izesekeli ezikhethekile zokukhula kwemivini.
Yize amagatsha evame ukukhuphukela odongeni lwesakhiwo uqobo, kepha abalimi abaningi bayabasiza, ukufaka uthango ngokukhethekileisibonelo, inetha.
Amabhishi amancane amagilebhisi amantombazane azizwa enesidingo somswakama kuphela esemncane. Amabhishi abantu abadala anomswakama owanele oza nemvula futhi ovela ezindaweni ezigcinwe ngaphakathi.
Ukunakekelwa kwama-perennials nakho kwenziwa lula ngoba umnikazi akudingeki enze imisebenzi yokubambisa ebusika. Kodwa-ke, ngokufika kwentsha, umcimbi kufanele.
Isicelo somanyolo
Ukutholwa okungcono komanyolo, kuthunyelwa umquba ngenkathi kuthambisa amagilebhisi. Ukuze uthole lokhu, ungasebenzisa i-nitroammofosku. Ukuze uvuselele ukukhula kwamagilebhisi, kusiza ukwethula umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi enhlabathini.
Amagilebhisi amantombazane asabela kahle ngokukhula okusebenzayo uma kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yenhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokukhulula, kunconywa nokuthi ngaphambi kokutshala ukusakaza Peat kanye ne-humus.
Ungakhuphula ukuzala uma ufaka umquba ngemanyolo yeminyaka emibili. Ukusebenza kwe-mulching kusebenza kahle, lapho kungasetjhiswa khona i-sawdust noma amahlamvu ahlanganisiwe.
Noma iyiphi indawo engaphansi komhlaba, kanye nendlu etholakala kuyo, ingahle ibukeke ingajwayelekile uma usebenzisa indlela yasekuqaleni ekwakhiweni kwayo. Omunye wale mibono kungaba ukusetshenziswa kwamagilebhisi amantombazane.
Lesi sitshalo somhlobiso siyakwazi ukwakha amahlumela amade angafihla noma yiziphi izakhiwo ezinde, sidale umphumela wenkathi ephakathi.
Ngokwemvelo, ukutshala lesi sitshalo kunikeza izici zayo siqu. Ukugxila okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kuzithombo ezincane, ngoba azidingi ukunisela okujwayelekile nje kuphela, kodwa nokuvikelwa kwisithwathwa.
Kodwa-ke, izitshalo ezindala azithobeki, ngakho-ke, ngumnikazi kuphela ozodingeka ukusikauma efuna ukunciphisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamagilebhisi okuqhubekayo.
