Sekuyisikhathi eside ama-Iris aba abahlali baphakade bezingadi zethu. Lawa madoda abukhali alukhathaleli, kepha noma kunjalo, abalimi bavame ukucaphukisa izifo ze-iris futhi ukulwa nazo kuthatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo.
Lapho izinhlobo zezitshalo zihlanzwa kakhudlwana, kulapho kungenwa khona izifo. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezijwayelekile zinokungazethembi okukhulu. Ngezansi sibheka ukuthi yiziphi izifo i-irises ezingaba nazo, ukuthi zingakuvimbela kanjani, nokuthi yini okufanele ukwenze uma lesi sitshalo sisagula.
Izifo ze-Iris nokwelashwa kwazo
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izikhathi, ama-irises atholakala kalula ezifweni ezahlukahlukene, kepha awakavikeli i-100% kuzo.
Izifo zokukhunta, igciwane kanye namagciwane zingagijimisa i-amok emibhedeni yezimbali. Umlimi onesipiliyoni kufanele akwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabo nokuphatha.
Njengokuvimbela, ukufafaza ngengxube yeBordeaux kusebenza kahle ngaphambi nangemuva kokuqhakaza..
Ukuze kube lula, izifo zibhalwe ngezansi ngokulandelana kwezinhlamvu zamagama.
I-Alternariosis
Leli gciwane ngelingesikhunta.
Izimpawu: imiphetho yamaqabunga iqala ukujikisa ibe mnyama bese iyafa.
Okufanele ukwenzeNgeshwa, lesi sitshalo kuzodingeka sisuswe. Leli gciwane lisakazeka hhayi ngokuxhumana kuphela, kodwa nangomhlabathi. Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo sesisusiwe, kubalulekile ukuphatha inhlabathi ngenhlanganisela yeBordeaux.
I-Ascochitosis noma ukubonwa kwamaqabunga
Futhi isifo fungal.
Izimpawu: Izindawo ezinamanzi ezinsundu ziyavela emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Amahlamvu aqala ukoma.
Okufanele ukwenze: Izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-Copper zizosiza ukulwa nalesi sifo. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi lesi sifo sihlala emhlabathini nakuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo. Le ndlela ilungele noma yiluphi uhlobo lokubona izinduna.
IHeterosporosis
Ukutheleleka kuqala ukukhula ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Umswakama nokushisa kunomthelela kuphela ekonakaleni kwesitshalo.
Izimpawu: kusukela phansi, amaqabunga aqala ukufa kancane kancane. Amabala amhlophe-grey, akhula kancane ngosayizi, abe yi-harbinger. Lesi sifo sisakazekela kuwo wonke amaqabunga bese ekugcineni sibhubhisa isitshalo.
Okufanele ukwenze: Udinga ukususa njalo nokulahla izindawo ezithintekile zesitshalo.
Ama-Iris adinga ukucutshungulwa ngemikhiqizo equkethe i-zinc ne-zethusi.
UMose
Lapha i-aphid ebiquitous iba ngumthwali.
Izimpawu: imivimbo emincane namabala emacembe.
Okufanele ukwenze: Ukwelapha kulokhu kugula akukatholakali.
Lapha, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekuvinjelweni. Kufanele ulwele ngokungakhathali ama-aphid futhi ususe ngokushesha izitshalo ezinegciwane.
Ukugqwala
Isifo sokukhunta okuphela kwezinhlamvu zayo zihlala futhi zikhula emaqabungeni nasemhlabathini.
Izimpawu: amaqabunga aqala ukoma kancane, curl. Thola umbala onsundu.
Ongakwenza: isisombululo se-sulfuric njalo emavikini ama-2.
Ukuvimbela, udinga ukugcina ama-irises endaweni efanayo iminyaka engu-3-4. Ukudonsa amanzi osezingeni eliphakeme kuyadingeka futhi.
Ukubola okumanzi noma i-bacteriosis
Kubonakala ngisho nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kubhekiselwa ezifweni ezingamagciwane.
Izimpawu: amabala ansundu kumathiphu amaqabunga. Ukomisa kwabo okwalandela. Kunephunga lokubola ezansi.
Okufanele ukwenze: izicubu ezithelelekile kufanele zisikwe zibe nempilo. Ukucubungula nge potassium permanganate.
Susa njalo amahlamvu athintekile bese udala imfucuza ekwindla.
Ukubola okumpunga
Isifo se-fungus, senziwa umswakama ophezulu.
Izimpawu: iziqu namathiphu amaqabunga abola futhi ambozwe ngokuthinta okumpunga. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zesitshalo nazo ziyahlupheka.
Ongakwenza: Musa ukugcwalisa izitshalo, noma uyeke ukuthambisa okwesikhashana. Susa izingxenye zegciwane le-irises, ungazishiyi esizeni.
Ukubola okomile noma i-fusarium
Izimpawu: ukutheleleka kuqala ngesihle futhi kancane kancane kuvala zonke iziteshi. Amaqabunga aqothuka ngokushesha, isitshalo siyafa.
Ongakwenza: chitha noma ukhiphe isitshalo esifile. Phatha izitshalo ezingomakhelwane ngama-fungicides, bese ugcwalisa isiza sokukhulisa umufi nge-chloride yethusi.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukufafaza akufanele kwenziwe!
Into ebaluleke kakhulu empini yokulwa nezifo ukuvikela kanye nokubambelela kubuchwepheshe bezolimo. Izitshalo ezinhle nezinempilo kuwe!
