Izimbali galanthus zokutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile Ukubukwa ngezithombe nezincazeloI-primrose, okuhlanganiswa ngayo izindaba zezinganekwane. Imbali ejwayelekile kusukela ebuntwaneni, isongelwa ngokuqothulwa, ngoba ubuhle bayo obuthinta inhliziyo bushukumisela abantu ukuba badilize izimbali zokuhlobisa, kaningi no-anyanisi. Sikhuluma ngesitshalo esidumile esivela okokuqala ngaphansi kweqhwa lasentwasahlobo.
Okokuqala, kuphuma amaqabunga amabili ngaphansi kwesembozo seqhwa, bese lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngezinsimbi ezincane. Ama-snowdrops awawesabi ama-vagaries emvelo. Babekezelela kalula ama-frickly friza, nemvula, namaqhwa eqhwa. Izimbali zeqhwa zibhekwa njengeziziqhingi zentwasahlobo. Bayamemeza ngokubonakala kwabo konke ukuthi intwasahlobo isiseduze, futhi ubusika yinto yesikhathi esedlule.
Incazelo yeqhwa leqhwa leqhwa
I-Snowdrop ingeyomndeni wakwa-Amaryllis, inegama lesibili elithi galanthus. I-Snowdrop ngotshani obungapheli. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo eziyi-18 ezikhula eYurophu nase-Asia. Umholi kwezikhephu zeqhwa yiCaucasus. Kuyo ungathola izinhlobo eziyi-16. Kepha akayena usosayensi oyedwa oqinisekile ngenani lezinhlobo eziqondile. Izingxabano ngobunikazi bembali ziyaqhubeka.
Ama-snowdrop mancane ngosayizi, anamaqabunga amabili cishe angama-15 cm. Kunezinhlobo zezimbali ezingashadi eyodwa, ezi-drooping nezinsimbi. IPerianth inombala omhlophe namahlamvu ayisithupha. Iphunga le-snowdrops limnene, alibonakali. Ama-snowdrops anezithelo eziyindilinga nembewu yombala omnyama. Imbewu iheha izintuthwane, ezizidonsela kude, zisakaze izimbali kuyo yonke le ndawo.
I-anyanisi. Isibazi siqukethe izikali kanye phansi. Izinso ziyavela esikalini, kamuva ama-bulbs amasha avela kuzo. Izendlalelo ezingenhla zesikali zenza umsebenzi wokuzivikela. Isikali esinjalo yisona esinciphile kunazo zonke, sinombala omnyama. Phezu kwe-anyanisi kufakwe emhlolweni we-brown. I-bulb iyamunca, imunca izakhi zomzimba ezizuzisayo ezidingeka yiqhwa leqhwa ukuze uphile ekuphumuleni ezimweni ezinzima. Isithwathwa "silala" izinyanga eziyi-9, ngesikhathi esifanele siqhakaza ngaso leso sikhathi.
Amaqiniso anelukuluku
Uhlobo ngalunye lwamaqhwa eqhwa luvikelwe, kanti izinhlobo eziningana zibekwa engcupheni, zidinga ukusindiswa.
I-Snowdrop iqanjwe ngenxa yokuvela kwayo ekuqaleni. Lapho iqhakaza, umhlabathi umbozwe yiqhwa. Igama lesibili, galanthus, laqhamuka eGreece. Ihunyushwe ngokuthi "imbali yobisi". Igama lesibili lembali lalingenxa yomthunzi wombala omhlophe obucekeceke.
Kwenziwa izinganekwane ngalezi zimbali. Eyodwa ngo-Adamu no-Eva. Kwakunokuwa kweqhwa ngosuku lokudingiswa kwabo. U-Eva wakhumbula izinsuku ezinhle ezifudumele ezidlule futhi wakhala izinyembezi. Kungazelelwe, iziqhwa eziningana zeqhwa zaba izimbali zeqhwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, iziqhwa zeqhwa zibizwa ngokuthi izimbali zokuqala emhlabeni.
Ukutshala ngaphandle nokunakekelwa kwe-galanthus
Ungatshala kanjani i-galanthus eneqhwa
Kuyelulekwa ukwenza ukufika lapho sekuphela ihlobo. Izinyanga ezifanele: ngoJulayi, Agasti, Septhemba. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama aphumule. Kuyinhlanhla lapho ekwindla kudonsela phansi, ukubanda kungafiki, ukufika komhlaba kungabambezeleka kuze kube nguNovemba. Ungathenga ama-snowdrops aqhakaza, kepha lo ngumqondo omubi. Amacembe azoqala ukufa ngemuva kokufakelwa, impilo izosala isibani. Yebo, isithwathwa seqhwa sizophila, kepha intwasahlobo elandelayo izokuqhakaza buthaka kungenjalo kuzovela imbali eyodwa.
Hlaziya ama ngaphambi kokuthenga. Khetha okusindayo ngesisindo, namagobolondo aqinile. Akufanele kube khona amahlumela. Uma kukhona amahlumela, khona-ke ungaqinisi ngokufika. Tshala iziqhwa zeqhwa emahoreni okuqala emva kokuthenga. Ukusikeka akuyona eyethusayo, kepha endaweni yezikali. Ama-Donets kufanele alunge, aphelele. Uma i-bulb ingenalo phezulu, kepha phansi kanye nama-buds kuhlala, isibani siyakwazi ukuqhakaza. Qaphela: uma i-bulb isentiwe, khona-ke iqala ukubola. Futhi lokhu akunakulungiswa.
Ukomisa ama amaqhwa eqhwa awanconywa. Ukuba ngaphandle isikhathi eside kuyabulala ama-flower bulbs, uwafafaze ngamazipho, ucashe esikhwameni. Lokhu yilokho abathengisi abakwenzayo okufanele bagcine izimpahla izinyanga eziningana.
Akukho lutho olukhethekile ngokutshala amaqhwa eqhwa
- Isibazi singcwatshwa emhlabathini oxeguliwe ekujuleni okungaxhunyiwe okulingana nezinhlamvu ezimbili. Kodwa noma kunjalo, ukujula kufanele kudlule cm 5. Awungeke ukhathazeke ngalokhu - noma ngabe utshala izihlahla zeqhwa ngokunembe, isibani ngokwaso sizokulungisa ukujula.
- Cabanga ngesici esibalulekile: uma i-bulb itshalwe ingajulile, izoqala ukuncipha, kodwa ithele izithelo kahle, futhi uma ijula, isitshalo siyokhula ngosayizi.
Izimo ezikhulayo
Ama-snowdrop atshalwe kangcono emthunzini, kepha hhayi emakhazeni. Inhlabathi kufanele ifudunyezwe ukukhanya kwelanga. Uma uthatha indawo yasendle, imbali yasendle, kungcono ukhethe indawo enelanga.
- Ama-snowdrops abhekwa njengezitshalo eziqinile ebusika. Kubo, inhlabathi evundile nenomswakama kufanelekile.
- Izimbali azithandi iziqalo eziphansi zomhlaba onamanzi amile, ahlushwa yizindawo ezinomoya, eziphakeme nezomile.
- Uma umhlaba ulukhuni, ubumba, udinga ukwengeza isihlabathi lapho.
- Ama-snowdrops awadingi ukuthanjiswa okujwayelekile. Ukunisela kudingekile kuphela uma kunesomiso nokuntuleka kwemvula. Ama-snowdrops ayakwazi ukuba khona ngokuzimela, ngaphandle.
Ama-snowdrops anda ngokushesha ngokusebenzisa i-self-seeding. Thenga imbewu eneqhwa ngo-Agasti, kanye nezithombo ezinyangeni zasebusika. Imvamisa, izitshalo ezinezimbali ezinkulu nezimbali zokuqala ziyathengwa. Ezitolo ezikhethekile zegadi kukhona ukukhethwa okukhulu kwembewu yeqhwa.
Ungayinakekela kanjani imithambo yeqhwa?
- Musa ukusika amaqabunga aze afe ngokuphelele.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesitshalo, ungakhohlwa ukuyifaka ngezindlela ezingafani. Qiniseka ukuthi umanyolo kumele ungabi nayo i-nitrogen. I-nitrogen ivusa ukukhula kweqabunga ngokweqile, okuholela ezifweni, ezifweni zokukhunta. Kuyasiza ukufaka umquba nge-potassium kanye nama-phosphates. IPotassium iqinisa ama-bulbs futhi izilungiselela isikhathi sasebusika. Iphosphorus inomphumela omuhle ezimbali.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhula, ama-snowdrops adinga amanzi amaningi. Imvelo ngokuzimela ihlinzeka izitshalo ngenani elifanele loketshezi, kepha uma kwenzeka kuba nesomiso, umlimi kuyodingeka akunakekele lokhu. Akunzima, izimbali ziyamelana nanoma yisiphi isimo sezulu futhi ngeke zife uma kwenzeka kuba nesomiso. Kuphela bayokhula buthakathaka. Yebo, futhi imbewu yezimbali iyakwazi ukuhlwanyela ngokuzimela.
Aza kanjani amaqhwa eqhwa?
Amabhuleki esithombe se-galanthus Indlela iqhwa elisakazeka ngayo iqhwa
Ama-snowdrop ahlukaniswa uhlobo lokuzala. Ngesizini eyodwa, kuvela ama-2-3. Izinhlobo ezigoqiwe ziphindaphindeka kakhulu kunezinye, zakha ama-bulbs ama-3-4. Bamba iqhaza ekufakweni kwesinye isikhathi ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, ekuqaleni ekwindla, lapho amaqabunga ezofa. Isitshalo esitshaliwe entwasahlobo ngeke siphile ngokuphelele. Kungcono ukuthi udlulise izimbali ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu, kepha izimbali zingazizwa zizinhle ngaphandle kokufakelwa.
Ama-snowdrops ayakwazi ukuzala kabusha ngosizo lwembewu. Ukuhlwanyela kungenzeka ngemuva kokuvuna. Kulokhu, izimbali zingalindelwa iminyaka engu-4-5. Uma utshala indawo eneqhwa endaweni enethezekile, lapho-ke izosakazeka ngokuzihlwanyelwa ngokwakho.
Ukusebenza
Ama-snowdrops angasetshenziswa njengokuhlobisa, umhlobiso wekhaya. Ama-Bouquets amaqhwa eqhwa awapheli isikhathi eside futhi isikhathi esiningi asemanzini. Ama-snowdrops abukeka egqamile, nenhle. Ama-snowdrop ahlobisa kahle izingadi. Ngendlela "yamakhaphethi", utshani obumhlophe qhwa eqhweni elihlanzekile, izimbali zibukeka zinenzuzo.
Kulungile ukutshala amaqhwa eqhwa kanyekanye, ishumi nambili ngasikhathi. Ama-snowdrops ane-drawback eyodwa: le ngxenye engenhla ifa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ungasusa lo mbango, utshale isitshalo engadini yezimbali. Zingatshalwa eduze kwezimbali ezinkulu ezinamaqabunga angama-voluminous. Into esemqoka ukungaphuhli izimbali zokukhanya ngokuphelele esikhathini esisebenzayo. Lapho ufika, khetha uhlangothi olukhanyayo. Esikhathini sokuphumula abesabi izithunzi nobumnyama.
Ngokuqondene namaqabunga awayo, ungakhathazeki, awudingi ukuwasusa, kuyisithiyo sezimbali. Entwasahlobo, iziqhwa zeqhwa ziyohluma nakanjani kuzo. Amahlamvu abolile ondla ama-bullies enempilo, asiza ukugcina umswakama. Uma udinga ukususa amaqabunga amadala, akwenzile ekwindla. Entwasahlobo, uthola ingozi enkulu yokulimaza izitshalo ezincane.
Ubambiswano
Ama-Snowdrop ahlanganiswe neLungwort, Primrose, Amahlathi kanye neCorydalis. Kuvunyelwe ukutshala iziqhwa zeqhwa ezinezitshalo ezihlala zisetshenziswa: ama-peonies noma ama-ferns.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Snowdrop
I-Galanthus iqhwa noma i-Galanthus emhlophe yeqhwa
Isithombe se-Galanthus esimhlophe qhwa seGalanthus nivalis
Ikhula eningizimu yeRussia, ikakhulukazi eCaucasus, eYurophu naseMedithera. Inesimo se-bulbous. Kubonakala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Amacembe afinyelela ku-10 cm ubude, abe nombala omnyama nge-grey noma tint eluhlaza. Isibazi siyindilinga ngesimo, ububanzi bungaphansi kwamasentimitha ayi-2. Usayizi wezimbali awudluli ku-12 cm.
Izimbali zikhula zingasho lutho, ziphakathi ngosayizi, ubukhulu bungaphansi kwamasentimitha amathathu .. IGalanthus imhlophe qhwa, enesihlephu esiluhlaza emaphethelweni, iphunga kamnandi. Amaqabunga e-Perianth, akhiwe ngaphandle komumo oblong. Amaqabunga angaphakathi abunjiwe nge-wedge, mncane kunangaphandle. Isithwathwa esineqhwa esimhlophe siqhakaza esinye sokuqala phakathi kohlobo lwaso, ngesonto eledlule likaMashi noma ngeviki lokuqala lokuqala kuka-Ephreli. Izimbali zihlala inyanga.
IGalanthus Caucasian noma i-Alpine Galanthus alpinus = Galanthus caucasicus
IGalanthus Caucasian noma i-Alpine Galanthus alpinus = isithombe seGalanthus caucasicus
Izinhlobo zingatholakala eCaucasus noma engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-Iran. Amacembe anempunga ngombala, ayizicaba, abude - kuya kuma-30 cm.Iziqubu zemvelo azidluli ku-10 cm. Izimbali zinephunga elimnandi, ububanzi obungu-1.5 cm, zifinyelela ku-2 cm ubude. Ekupheleni kwe-perianth kukhona indawo eluhlaza ngaphakathi. Blooms iDemo: Amaviki ama-2. Izimbali ziqala ezinsukwini zokuqala zika-Ephreli. Izithelo azizinzile. Ishelter iyadingeka ebusika.
UGalanthus wancenga uGalanthus plicatus
UGalanthus unxuse isithombe sikaGalanthus plicatus
Izimbali zasendle ziyabonakala ezintabeni zaseCrimea. Kuyisigameko seCrimea kanye neMoldavian. Ngosayizi wedlula ezinye izinhlobo zamaqhwa eqhwa. Lapho i-galanthus egoqekile iqala ukuqhakaza, amaqabunga ayo aba nombala oblue, ngokuqala kwesikhathi kokukhanya, athole umbala oluhlaza okotshani. I-Peduncle ifinyelela ku-16 cm ukuphakama. Ububanzi bezimbali bungamasentimitha angama-4, ubude buyi-2,5 kuya ku-3. Isikhathi sezimbali: okungenani izinsuku ezingama-20. Blooms ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi. Isibazi sinomumo obunjwe ngeqanda. Amaqabunga ahlala kuze kufike izinsuku zokugcina zikaJulayi. Ilanga lasehlobo liyabasiza bakhuthale. Ngo-Agasti bayafa.
IGalanthus ebanzi noma i-Galanthus platyphyllus ebanzi
Isithombe seGalanthus esithambile noma esibanzi esibanzi seGalanthus platyphyllus
Ikhula eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga Transcaucasia. Njengoba luhlobo lwasenyakatho, kunzima kakhulu ukubanda. I-tint eblue kumaqabunga ayibhekwa. Ububanzi bembali bufinyelela ku-4 cm, ubude - 3 cm. Iphunga alinamandla, cishe alizwanga. Iqhakaza izinsuku ezingama-30, inyanga yokuqhakaza kwayo kungu-Ephreli. Amabhuleki esesimweni afana nesigaxa, kwesinye isikhathi iqanda. Usayizi we-Bulb: 5 * 3 cm.
Galanthus Elvis galanthus elwesii
Galanthus Elvis galanthus elwesii isithombe
Uhlobo lweqhwa leqhwa lwaqhamuka e-Asia Minor. Izinhlobo zinkulu ngosayizi, zifinyelela ekuphakameni okukhulu ekuphakameni kokukhula kwayo. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-Peduncle afinyelela ku-25 cm phezulu. IGalanthus Elves ihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga amise okomuntu obanzi. Ububanzi bungafinyelela ku-2 cm. Amaqabunga ane-tint eblue. Izimbali zimhlophe kristalu, zinesimo sebhola. Imbali yalokhu okuhlukahlukene ikhulu, inosayizi omkhulu. Ukugqama kweGalantus Elves ukuthi iqhakaza ebusika, ngoFebhuwari.
Isithwathwa sikaVoronov sikaGalanthus woronowii
Isithombe seGalanthus Voronova Galanthus woronowii
Kwi-bulb, izikali eziphuzi zihlukaniswa ngokusobala. Ububanzi bayo bungamasentimitha amathathu. Isithwathwa seqhwa sikaVoronov sine-silvery stem nesakhiwo se-ribbed. Ukuphakama kwaso kungaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-25. Amaqabunga abukhali emaphethelweni, anwebekele kufaceba. Umbala wamaqabunga uluhlaza okotshani. Ubude bamaqabunga buhlangana nesiqu, amasentimitha angama-20-25. Lapho kuvela isithwathwa seqhwa sikaVoronov, amaqabunga awo abukeka ethambile, bese eba yinde kunesiqu, amafomu amafolda.
Ama-folds aboshelwe ngaphandle. Lokhu kuqhakaza kuqala, ngokuvamile ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Uma kwenzeka kuhlanganiswa izimo ezivumayo, isithwathwa seqhwa sikaVoronov siqhuma ngoJanuwari. Kushiya iqhwa ngasikhathi sinye sezimbali. Izinhlobo ziyakhula eNtshonalanga Transcaucasia, emahlathini asezintabeni. Bheka i-Voronov eneqhwa phesheya kwezilwandle. Lona ugu lwaseTurkey, isiqhingi sase-Ikaria, esisolwandle i-Aegean.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Izimvukuzane nezimfene. Amagundane anezilimo eziyizimbotshana alimaza kakhulu ama-bullies, izinduku zimba izimbobo zokuhlalisa lapho kufakwe khona indawo. Igundane libamba isibani ngokungabonakali, libaleke naye lingene "endlini". Uma kunomonakalo ebhalini, khona-ke izinqubo zokubola ziqala. Isitshalo esingaphansi, esibuthakathaka, esingasebenzi siyakhula sisuka kubhulebhu elibolile.
Isimo siyalungiswa. Isibani kufanele simbiwe emhlabathini, sinqunywe izingcezu ezinokubuna, ufafaze indawo esele ngomlotha. Ukuze umlotha umuniswe ngempumelelo, bamba isibani emoyeni ovulekile, bese ungcwaba. Izindlela zokuzivikela zimi ngalendlela elandelayo: ungafaki sod ngotshani eduze kokutshala. Amagundane athanda ukuzinza otshanini. Amagundane anyanyekayo ahamba ngaphakathi kwamamitha amathathu esidlekeni sawo. Uma ungakwazi ukushintsha indawo yemibhede, setha izicupho. Thola imiyalo, yenza ngokuqinile kuyo. Khumbula ukuthi igundane kulula ukubamba lapho lisebenzisa imifino.
Amakhethini kanye namabhungane. Isitha esidumile sama-snowdrop bulbs. Amakhethini abukeka emnyama, grey. Ekwindla lamacimbi kulula ukubona, ukuchitha. Ekwindla, izinambuzane zilungiselela ukuthontwa.
Slug. Izibungu zihlala ngaphansi komhlaba. Lezi zinambuzane zikhetha inhlabathi enobumba obunzima. Kulula ukuqeda ama-slugs, noma yimuphi umlimi angakwenza. Imikhiqizo yokulawula i-slug ephumelelayo iyathengiswa. Kepha xazulula inkinga inkinga ngezandla zakho. Lapho ugubha isibani ngaphansi komhlaba, sizungeze ngesihlabathi esikhulu.
Bulb Nematode. I-nematode isibungu esincane esincanyana. I-nematode ihlala ngaphakathi kwenhlabathi. Uyakwazi ukuhlala ngaphakathi kwezitshalo ezifile noma ezifayo kancane. Kuyingozi kumabala anempilo. Amahlamvu ayathinteka yizimpungushe eziphuzi eziphuma ngasemaphethelweni. Ingxenye enempilo ihlukaniswe ngendandatho emnyama ethintekile. Izimpawu ezinjalo zisivumela ukuthi siphethe ngokuthi lesi sitshalo sonakaliswa yi-bulode nematode.
Kukhona isixazululo esisodwa kuphela: bhala izimbali ezithintekile, kamuva uziqede. Izitshalo ezinempilo ezingathintwanga nazo kumele zinakekelwe. Bamba imicengezi yeqhwa emhlabathini, ubambe emanzini ashisayo amahora ambalwa. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele lifinyelele ngaphansi kwama-degree angama-45, kodwa angaphezu kwama-40. Ukudlulisela iqhwa eqhweni kuya kwenye indawo, musa ukutshala endaweni engenalutho iminyaka engu-5 ezayo.
Amagciwane. Amagciwane luhlobo lwelebula kulawo makhasi. Amalebula aluhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi. Isembozo esingeyona eyemvelo seqabunga, i-dent, ukusonteka, ishubhu, kubonisa isitshalo esingenwa amagciwane. Susa isithwathwa esinegciwane kuze kube yilapho ukutheleleka kudlulele kwezinye izimbali. Akunasidingo sokukhathazeka ngembewu. Isifo sezitshalo asibonakali embewini. Dlulisa isitshalo esibi, lokhu kunganika isithwathwa seqhwa impilo entsha.
Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta. Ukuvela kwesikhunta kungabalwa ngokuzimela ngokwezimpawu ezintathu: ukugoqa okumpunga, ukukhumbuza i-fluff, ukumnyama namamaki amnyama kulawo makhasi. Zonke izimpawu zenziwa ngesikhathi kumanzi, kepha uma kungekho kubanda kakhulu. Lesi sifo siqala ukubonakala ezingeni lomhlabathi, kepha kamuva sikhuphuka kakhulu. Uma isikhunta grey siyabonakala esiqongweni seqhwa, amabala akhumbuza ukugqwala, gcina ukhumbula ukuthi imbali ithintekile yile fungus.
Susa ngokucophelela izingxenye ezithelelekile ngokuzilahla ngomlilo. Asikho isidingo sokususa lesi sitshalo, akunathemba. Thola imiyalo efanelekile yengadi, izitshalo zokwelapha ukhunta. Thatha ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo futhi isithwathwa seqhwa sizosindiswa!
I-Chlorosis. I-Chlorosis ngophuzi lwamaqabunga eqhwa. Abantu abakholelwa ukuthi ikhwalithi yenhlabathi kanye nokuntuleka kwezakhi emhlabeni kumele basolwe ngokubonakala kwe-chlorosis. Amaqabunga eqhwa aguqula ophuzi agule, hhayi ngenxa yokushoda kwenhlabathi. I-Chlorosis ingavela ngokunakekelwa okungafanele kwesitshalo. Umlimi kumele adale imibandela edingekayo yesitshalo, anake ingress yokukhanya kwelanga imbali, ahlinzeke ngokudonsa. Uma kunemvula encane, isithwathwa seqhwa asitholi isamba somswakama esidingekayo kusuka emvelweni, umlimi kufanele awunisele ngamandla.
Ungashiya amazwana asebenzayo, utshele okuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu kwamaqhwa ekhula eqhwa.
