Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi umkhiqizo onjengamazambane uye wakhiqizwa yisintu iminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziningana. Kepha ezwenikazi laseYurophu kwavela kuphela ngekhulu le-16 futhi kwalethwa kusuka eSouth America ngonyaka we-1551 yisazi sokuma komhlaba saseSpain uCieza de Leon lapho ebuya ebuya ePeru.
Indaba yamazambane
Ukuqanjwa kokuqala kwamazambane kwaqoshwa enye 9-7 eyizinkulungwane edlule, futhi izwe lomdabu lesitshalo yiNingizimu Melika. AmaNdiya asendulo akhula amazambane endaweni yeLolivia yanamuhla, futhi umkhiqizo uqobo awuzange usetshenziselwe izinhloso zobuchopho kuphela, kepha futhi njengesithixo, esasikhulekelwa futhi sibheka isidalwa esiphilayo.
Ngokusho kwedatha yomlando, kusetshenziswe uhlobo oluhlukile lwamazambane ukunquma isikhathi sosuku. Njengesilinganiso sesizwe samaInca, isikhathi esasichithwa ukulungisa isidlo sasebenza. Ngokufanelekile, leli yihora eliyi-1.
Mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwamazambane eYurophu, iqiniso lokuqala langempela labhalwa eSpain ngo-1573. Isikhathi esifushane, isiko selithole ukuthandwa okuhle nakwamanye amazwe ezwekazi. Ekuqaleni, lesi sitshalo sasithathwa njengokuhlobisa, kepha kungekudala sasinobuthi.
Ukusebenziseka kwamazambane, ucebile ngamavithamini kanye nezinto ezibalulekile zokulandela umkhondo kanye nezinto ezinhle kakhulu zokudla okunempilo sekufakazelwe ngokuphelele Isazi sezolimo namafrentshi saseFrance u-Antoine-Auguste Parmanute. Ngemuva kwezinsolo zalo muntu, amazambane aqala ukusetshenziswa eFrance.
Ngokushesha, ithuba lafika eRussia. Ukubonakala komkhiqizo endaweni kahulumeni kuhlotshaniswa noPeter I, owaletha isikhwama sezilimo eziyizigaxa ezivela eNetherlands ukuze kulinywe ezifundazweni ezihlukile. Ekuqaleni, amazambane ayephakwa njengesitsha kuphela ezindlini ezinobukhosi. Abantu abampofu basiphatha lesi sihlahla ngokucophelela okukhulu, besibheka njenge "apula elinegazi."
Njengamanje, amazambane enza ingxenye enkulu yokudla kwabo bonke abakhileyo emhlabeni futhi adlala indima enkulu emnothweni wamazwe amaningi.
Ukwakhiwa kwamazambane
Ubhatata uqukethe inani elikhulu ama-amino acid nezinto zomkhondoezitholakala kwezinye izitshalo. Isimo sansuku zonke samazambane abilisiwe (cishe amagremu angama-300 ngosuku), sikuvumela ukuthi unikeze umzimba ngawo wonke ama-carbohydrate adingekayo, i-potassium ne-phosphorus. Amagremu ayikhulu kuphela omkhiqizo osemusha angagcwala umzimba ngama-20 mg ka-vithamini C. Kepha ngokugcinwa isikhathi eside, umthamo wale vithamini uncishiswa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngentwasahlobo, kungu-1/3 kuphela okuqukethwe i-Vitamin C okwedlule okungahlala kumashubhu.
Amazambane abhekwa njengomthombo omuhle kakhulu wamaminerali, amelelwa ngosawoti we-potassium ne-phosphorus. Futhi ekubumbeni inqwaba ye-sodium, calcium, iron ne-chlorine.
Isicelo samazambane
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamazambane zithole ukusetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yomsebenzi wesintu. AmaTubers asetshenzisiwe ekuphekeni, kwezokwelapha nakwezokugcotshwa kwezimonyo.
Kukhula amazambane
Kulezi zinsuku, cishe bonke abahlali abalimi-ehlobo basebenza ekulimeni amazambane, futhi kulokhu akudingekile ukuba namakhono ahlukile noma ukuzivumelanisa nezimo. Amazambane awadumile ngokukhetha kwawo okuthile ezintweni zesifunda noma zezulu. Uthatha izimpande ngokukhululeka kunoma yiziphi izifunda nakuyiphi inhlabathi, futhi akadingi ukunakekelwa okujulile. Kepha ngaphambi kokuqala ukulima okuzimele, udinga ukuzijwayeza isithombe nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ngazinye, futhi uthintane nesazi sokufunda ngezolimo esinolwazi. Iqiniso ngukuthi wonke amazambane ahlukahlukene ihlukaniswe yizici zayoukucabanga lapho kokwehla. Uma ukhetha izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle futhi wazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani, isivuno esikhulu ngeke sithathe isikhathi eside.
Izinhlobonhlobo zeRomano. Incazelo
Izinhlobo zamazambane zemvelaphi yamaDashi bezilokhu zithandwa kakhulu. Futhi lokhu akumangazi. Zonke ngoba zivame ukuletha isivuno esikhulu futhi zinezimpande ezimeni ezahlukahlukene. Futhi izinhlobonhlobo zamazambane ezifana neRomano, izincazelo nezithombe zazo ezitholakala ngokukhululekile kwi-Intanethi, kungenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezidumile zezitshalo ezitshaliwe.
Izincazelo zokuqala nezithombe zalokhu okuhlukahlukene kubhaliso Lwezinhlobo Zokufika Kwombuso waseRussia kwavela ngonyaka we-1994.
Izici zezinhlobonhlobo zeRomano
Okunhlobonhlobo Romano kubhekisa kuya ekudleni kwasemini okuqala. Amazambane akhula ngezinsuku ezingama-80-90 futhi abe nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Izinhlobonhlobo zinokubukeka okukhangayo, ukwakheka okubushelelezi nombala opinki okhanyayo.
Isiqu sesitshalo siqondile, futhi ukuphakama kwaso kuyahlukahluka phakathi kwezinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo eziphakeme.
Esihlahleni ngasinye, umlimi angaqoqa amagremu angama-700-800 weRomano. Ubhatata ngamunye uyakwazi ukufinyelela osayizi abakhulu, futhi esihlahleni esisodwa kunezingcezu ezifika ku-8-9. Izici zokunambitha ezinhlobonhlobo zeRomano zihlala zimangalisa nje, akumangazi. Imfihlo yonke ukuthi inani elikhulu lesitashi likhona kulezi zinhlobonhlobo. Kepha hhayi ukunambitheka komkhiqizo kuphela, kepha nezimpawu zawo zokudla okunempilo kuncike kulokhu.
Amazambane abunjiwe walezi zinhlobonhlobo ahlukile ukuthamba okukhethekile nesisa. Umkhiqizo awubiki, futhi amazambane abunjiwe alungiswa ngaphandle kweziqalo.
Kepha ngaphezu kwamazambane abunjiwe, lo mkhiqizo ungasetshenziselwa ukwenza obunye ubuciko obusezingeni eliphezulu. Isibonelo, izinhlobonhlobo zeRomano zilungele ukupheka kuhhavini noma ukukhiqiza ama-fries nama-chips. Ukuphela kwento engadala ubunzima obuningi bompheki yisixakaxaka somkhiqizo omkhulukazi futhi obukhulu. Kuliqiniso, ummese wasekhishini oshaywe kahle uxazulula ngokushesha le nkinga. Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yegobolondo eliqinile, elisebenza njenge-peel, uRomano ukubekezelela kahle ukuthutha futhi angakwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane zezinhlobonhlobo zeRomano zitholakala kalula. Ingxenye ebalulekile yamazambane ifinyelela ngosayizi omkhulu.
Isivuno salesi sitshalo sihlala siphakeme kakhulu, futhi asinciki ezimweni noma esimeni sezulu sendawo lapho kulinyelwa khona. Izinhlobonhlobo azithambekele ekuhlungeni futhi noma yimuphi umhlabathi ungasetshenziselwa ukutshala.
Ungayithuthukisa Kanjani Izinhlobo Ezikhiqizayo ZaseRomano
Izazi zezolimo namava zezolimo zinamaqhinga amaningana azisebenzisayo ukwandisa isivuno sikaRomano. Okokuqala, kufanele ukhethe izinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Bese kulandela hlinzeka ngale mibandela elandelayo:
izinkomba zokushisa ezinhle kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, amazinga okushisa enhlabathi kufanele abe ngama-15- degree Celsius;- Uma uhlela ukusika nezilimo eziyizigaxa, khona-ke udinga ukwenza lokhu ngaphambi nje kokutshala, ngemuva kokulapha ummese ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate;
- iziqongo zidinga ukugawulwa kwesinye isonto ngaphambi kokumba isivuno, ngoba lokhu kuzoqinisa amakhasi.
izinkomba zokushisa ezinhle kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokutshala, amazinga okushisa enhlabathi kufanele abe ngama-15- degree Celsius;Lesi sitshalo sinokulwa okuhle kwezinambuzane nezifo. Okulandelayo kungaphawulwa Izinzuzo ezahlukahlukene zeRomano:
- ukumelana okuhle nokulimala sekwephuzile;
- ukumelana okuhle kwesibanda kanye nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane;
- ukumelana nokubhungane kwamazambane weColorado;
I-Romano empeleni ingenye yezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ezandayo zesiko elaziwa kahle kuwo wonke umuntu futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi hhayi e-Europe kuphela kepha nasendaweni yezolimo yasekhaya.
