I-Hawthorn isitshalo saphakade se-shrub esilungele ukudala uthango. Lokhu kocingo lwemvelo lokuhlobisa kufuna ukukhulisa abahlali abaningi basehlobo nabalimi. Alunayo ubuhle bemvelo kuphela, kodwa futhi isebenza njengesithiyo esithembekile sabavakashi abangamenyiwe, futhi futhi isindisa izinsiza ezibonakalayo. Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi izinto zokwakha obekufanele zithengiwe ukuze kwakhiwe uthango azishibhile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uthango lwe-hawthorn luzoqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwemvelo kusayithi lakho.
Incazelo yesitshalo se-hawthorn
Isiko le-shrub elinobuhle lingelomndeni wakwaPink. I-hawthorn enezimbali eziningi inamandla okukhula ezifundeni cishe noma yisiphi isimo sezulu. Ibekezelela isomiso nesithwathwa. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungafinyelela uphawu lweemitha eziyisishiyagalombili. Isiko libolekisa kahle ukugunda izinwele, kusuka kulo ungadala izinhlobo ezihlukene zokubhala nokuhlanganisa imicabango engafani nobuciko. Uthango lwe-hawthorn, ngenxa yokuba khona kwameva, luvikela insimu kwezivakashi ezingathandeki.
Ezindlini zasehlobo nasezindlini zasendlini, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo ze-hawthorn zizizwa zikulungele: "Omnyama", "uSmooth ezejwayelekile", "waseSiberia", "omise abalandeli". Ukuze udale uthango oluthembekile futhi oluhle kusuka ku-hawthorn uwedwa, udinga ukuya ezigabeni ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukutshala izithombo, ukwakha izihlahla nokunakekelwa, kufaka phakathi ukubopha izinwele okuphoqelekile.
Ukutshala izithombo ze-hawthorn
Ukukhetha izithombo
Ukuze i-hawthorn ikhule kahle endaweni entsha, kubalulekile ukuthenga izithombo zeminyaka emithathu ubudala zokutshala. Bazivumelanisa kalula nezimo ezintsha ngokuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zabantu abadala. Ukwenza izihlahla ezijwayelekile, ungafinyelela umphumela oyifunayo ngosayizi nokuhlelwa kwezitshalo, futhi wakhe ukwakheka kwemvelo okukhulunywa ngakho. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, uthango oluneminyaka engama-20 luzofika ekuphakameni kwamamitha amabili.
Izikhungo ezengeziwe
Uthango olusuka ezihlahleni ze-hawthorn luzoba lugqinsi uma kwakhiwa ama-trellises phakathi kwezithombo futhi atshalwe ngemigqa emibili noma ngephethini yokuhlola. Umklamo onjalo uzosekela izitshalo futhi wenze lula ukufiphala kwawo, okuzokwenza ukuba uthango lube lukhuni futhi, lapho lukhula, lufinyelele kububanzi obuyi-1 m.Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izihlahla ezinjengalezi ezishubile ziyindawo enhle kakhulu yezinambuzane namagciwane. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto efiselekayo ukutshala izitshalo ezincane ukuze ububanzi be uthango lungabi amasentimitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa.
Inhlabathi
Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zokwakheka kwenhlabathi ku-hawthorn. Ingakhula ezindaweni ezinamanzi amaningi, nasezindaweni ezinomhlabathi omncane wezakhi. Noma kunjalo, lapho utshala izithombo, kunconyelwa ukuba unakekele ingxube ekhethekile yenhlabathi ezoba nomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezitshalo ezisencane futhi ukusheshisa inqubo yokujwayela indawo entsha. Ukwakheka kwengxube enjalo kufanele kube: i-turf neqabunga lomhlabathi ngamanani alinganayo, i-peat nesihlabathi.
Inqubo yokufakelwa
Lapho ukutshala izihlahlana emgqeni owodwa, ububanzi bomsele wokutshala bungama-50 cm, kanti imigqa emibili yezithombo, kudingeka ububanzi be-1 m.Ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla ezisencane ngu-0.5 m. Ingxube yomhlabathi olungiselelwe kufanele ithululelwe emseleni futhi itshala izitshalo, ishiya umgodi ojikeleze isivuno ngasinye ukubambezela ukunisela amanzi nemvula yemvelo.
Ukunisela
Ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhlelekile, ikakhulukazi ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila wesithombo endaweni entsha. Kwanele ukunisela izitshalo kanye ngesonto. Izimbobo ezizungeze izithombo (ezizobamba amanzi) zizonikela nge-hawthorn nomswakama ofanele, obaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni nasindisweni kohlelo lwezimpande.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Ukondliwa kokuqala kwezitshalo kwenziwa kuphela ngonyaka olandelayo. Umanyolo weNitrogen ulungile. Ehlobo, inhlanganisela ye-superphosphate, usawoti we-potassium ne-ammonium sulfate kunconyelwa njengokugqoka kwesibili okuphezulu.
Ukunakekelwa kwenhlabathi
Indawo eseduzane nokutshala kwama-hawthorn kumele idedelwe njalo futhi ikhululwe ngotshani obusavela kukhula, futhi ekwindla kumele kuthungulwe ngokuphelele kanye nezithombo.
Izihlahla kanye uthango
Eminyakeni emithathu emva kokutshala endaweni yezithombo, kunconywa ukwenza izihlahla. Izihlahlana ezincane zidinga ukunqunywa ngokuphelele, kusale i-hemp kuphela yokuphakama okuncane. Ngalesi sikhathi, isiqu sobubanzi sifinyelela cishe ku-1.5-2 cm. Inqubo enjalo iyadingeka ukuqala ukutshala kwezitshalo okusebenzayo. Esikhundleni sesiqu esibunjiwe, amahlumela amaningi amasha azovela phakathi nonyaka, ozoqala ukwakha umqhele omnyama futhi abe yisisekelo sethango ngokuzayo. Isikhathi esikahle sokulungiswa ngu-Ephreli-Meyi.
Ngemuva konyaka, kunconywa ukufeza izinwele zokuqala zamagatsha amasha adlula engxenyeni enkulu yesihlahla. Le nqubo yenziwa kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula. Njengamathuluzi, kufanele usebenzise ama-secateurs noma abavamile bengadi. Okokuqala, udinga ukusika lawo magatsha anwebisa kakhulu ngale komqhele, bese ihlumela lonke selinqunyiwe lonke.
Ngokusika okuvamile, i-shrub izofinyelela usayizi oyifunayo ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile - mayelana ne-60-70 cm ububanzi ne-1.5 m ukuphakama. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, izihlahla ezihlelekile kufanele zenziwe ngokuphakama okufanayo, zisindisa lesi sitshalo emagatsheni amancane akhula ngale kwemikhawulo edingekayo. By endleleni, izihlahlana of hawthorn ne izihlahla njalo ngeke eziqhakaza futhi uthele izithelo.
Ukuba nesifiso esikhulu, umcabango wokudala kanye nokuqagela kusuka uthango, ungakha amafomu angashadile angajwayelekile nezingoma eziphelele. Lezi zingaba bobunjwa bejometri abahlukahlukene (oyindilinga noma okhombe), futhi ngethalente elikhulu ungenza izifanekiso zezilwane nabantu.
Imithetho yokunakekela uthango
Isicelo somanyolo
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kufakwe entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla. Eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, kuhlanganiswa inhlanganisela ye-humus, i-peat kanye nomquba ngokulinganayo okufanayo emhlabathini. Imvamisa ibhakede lenhlanganisela enjalo lanele imitha elilodwa lomhlaba. Umanyolo wamaminerali awusetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ngamanani amancane ngesimo se-granular.
Ngemuva kokuthi izitshalo zifinyelele eminyakeni emithathu, iphethini yokufaka umanyolo ishintsha kancane. Ekwindla, ngaphambi kokumba umhlaba nasentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokukhulula inhlabathi, kubalulekile ukwethula umanyolo we-organic. Kulokhu, i-humus, umquba kanye ne-peat kuxutshwe ngezingxenye ezilinganayo. Futhi ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo, izihlahla zondliwa ngamalungiselelo aqukethe i-nitrogen, futhi ehlobo (cishe maphakathi noJulayi) - nge-phosphorus-potash.
Izihlahla
Ukuthena kufanele kwenziwe njalo, sonke isikhathi sokukhula. Maphakathi nehlobo, kwenziwa izihlahla zokugcina. Ubukhulu obulungile bokusikeka amahlumela ngu-30-50% wabo bonke ubude.
Imithetho Yokunisela
Ngokunisela, udinga ukusebenzisa kuphela amanzi afudumele futhi uwulethe enhlabathini kuphela endaweni yezimpande. Inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu kufanele ihlanganiswe njalo, ngoba i-hawthorn ithanda kakhulu amanzi. Kunconywa ukunisela njalo kusihlwa.
Ukunakekelwa kwenhlabathi
Siqukethe ukukhululwa kwenhlabathi okuvame ukhula, ukhula olusebenza ngesikhathi kanye nokulinganisa. Ukuze izitshalo ezisencane zingazivezi engxenyeni engezansi yesihlahla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubalulekile ukudala isimo esihle kuzo. Ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele nokusebenzayo kwe-hawthorn kungenzeka kuphela ngomhlabathi onomsoco, ukukhanyisa okwanele, ukuthambisa okufanele nokusika okufika ngesikhathi.
Izinzuzo ze-hawthorn heedges
- Amasiko wokuhlobisa ngokuheha kwawo kwemvelo kufanelana ngokuphelele kunoma iyiphi ingqalasizinda yengadi. Ngokuhambisana nezinye izitshalo, uthango lubukeka luhambisana futhi lwakha isizinda esihle sonke.
- I-hawthorn endala inezinkuni eziqinile kakhulu namagatsha aqinile. Izihlahlana ezinde ezinamakhahle, imiqhele eminyene kanye nezikhala eziningi ezibukhali ziba yisithiyo esibucayi kwizilwane nakubantu. Ukuvikelwa okunjalo kwemvelo kuyadingeka ukuvikela ukungena okungathandeki.
- IHedgerow iba yindawo yezinyoni ezijabulisa ukuzwa ngokuhlabelela kwazo okumnandi noma i-twitter. Kuvikela okokuhluza kusuka kumagesi aqothulayo ezimoto eziseduze futhi kusebenza njengendlela yokuhlukaniswa nomsindo.
- Lesi sakhiwo esinemvelo esibukeka kahle siyabukeka futhi siyathandeka, sigcwalisa i-airpace endaweni enkulu, sivikele othulini.
- Uthango lwe-hawthorn ludinga utshalomali oluncane lwezezimali, oludingekayo ukuze kuthengwe izinto zokutshala, umanyolo okhethekile nokwakhiwa kwama-trellises. Ngokuphikisana nokwakha itshe noma uthango lwamapulangwe oluzungeze i-infield, izindleko ezibonakalayo zothango lincane kakhulu.
- Isakhiwo semvelo esinjalo ngokunakekelwa okufanele sihlala isikhathi eside futhi kufanelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngeke akwazi ukuguga noma ukuphuma imfashini. Ngokulungiswa kahle, izihlahla ze-hawthorn zingakhula ngokuphelele endaweni efanayo amashumi noma amakhulu eminyaka.
Ukwakha uthango lwemvelo oluhle futhi oluhle kusuka ku-hawthorn, udinga ikhono elincane, ukubekezela, isikhathi futhi, yebo, ukubekezela.
