I-air is a herbreen everbreen everbreen that has non-branched a stems stupa e stems. Lesi sitshalo sinohlelo lwezimpande olwebekayo olubekwe phezulu kwenhlabathi. Amapuleti amaqabunga yi-xiphoid, emgqeni onqenqemeni ngokuphela okucacile. Zihlelwe ngendlela isiyingi ezungeze isiqu, zenziwe ngomunye.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
Ummoya une-peduncle emfushane yodweshu, ene-inflorescence ende equkethe izimbali ezincane eziluhlaza ophuzi. Isici esibonakalayo se-magazus yi-epiochoria, okungukuthi, izithelo zaso zithwalwa yizilwane kanye nezinyoni. Maphakathi neRussia, lesi sitshalo asitheli izithelo. Ngokusho kwedatha yesayensi, i-magazus inezinhlobo ezi-6, kepha zimbili kuphela kuzo ezaziwa umhlaba jikelele.
Emvelweni, umoya awutholakali kuphela osebeni lwamachibi, kepha nasezindaweni ezimanzi. Umhlaba wendabuko walesi sitshalo yiAsia Minor, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kwawo emhlabeni wonke kuhlobene nokuhlasela kwejoka likaMongol-Tatar.
Abalimi abaningi abanamachibi esizeni sabo basebenzisa i-magazus ukuze bawuhlobise. Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kulula. Ithanda umswakama, ngakho-ke ukuyikhulisa ogwini lwechibi kuyindlela ekahle.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo zenhlekelele
UCalamus marsh (ezejwayelekile) - isitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-120. Isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi. Izimbali zivezwa ngesimo sezindlebe eziluhlaza okomhlophe. I-Garden magazus inemivimbo emaqabungeni anemibala ehlukene, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Entwasahlobo, banombala opinki, futhi ngokuwa baba ukhilimu.
I-cal albovariegatus - isitshalo sikhula sibe ngamasentimitha angama-40. Izwe lakubo yi-East Asia. Inamaqabunga amade, xiphoid amnyama aluhlaza anemivimbo emhlophe. Iqhakaza kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMeyi kuya maphakathi noJulayi.
I-air aureovariegatus - isitshalo esidabuka eMpumalanga Asia. Ummoya unamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obumnyama oluhlaza okotshani onemiphetho ebukhali nemivimbo ephuzi emide. Le nhlobonhlobo ikhula ize ibe amasentimitha angama-40. Iqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya maphakathi nehlobo. Izimbali zivezwa ngohlobo lwama cobs amade aluhlaza.
I-calam aimureus - Lolu hlobo lwenhlekelele lude kunazo zonke, ukuphakama kwalo kungamasentimitha ayi-10 kuphela. Amaqabunga esitshalo anama-hue aluhlaza okhanyayo. Zincane futhi zilayini futhi zikhombe emaphethelweni. Ububanzi bamapuleti eshidi lifinyelela amasentimitha ayi-5. Izimbali zeCalamus zincanyana kakhulu, ziphuzi ngokuluhlaza. Bacindezelwa ngokuqinile komunye nomunye, bakha i-cob ende ende, eqhakaza kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMeyi kuya maphakathi noJulayi.
I-mosagatgatus yomoya - isitshalo esimelana ne-herbaceous esifinyelela ebangeni elingafika kumitha eyi-1. Esiqwini kunamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshisiwe we-xiphoid anemibala ophuzi. ICalamus iyaqhakaza maphakathi nehlobo kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi. Kuboniswa ukumelana nesithwathwa nokungamelana nezifo.
Okusanhlamvu komoya - isitshalo sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-30. Umoya awesabi isithwathwa nezinambuzane. Ezimweni eziningi, kusetshenziswa njengesitshalo se-aquarium. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zifaka izinhlobo eziningana ezinemivimbo emhlophe nephuzi emafulethini amaqabunga.
I-cal americanus - Le nhlobonhlobo yezinhlekelele ikhula engxenyeni esenyakatho Melika. Izinhlobonhlobo zi-hygroscopic impela futhi azithinteki ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. Iqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya maphakathi neminyaka. Ekuphakameni, isitshalo sifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-120. Amaqabunga eCalamus mide, aluhlaza, aluhlaza okotshani.
Ukutshala umoya nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngokutshala, indawo enomswakama enenhlabathi enempilo ikhethiwe. Kungcono ukutshala i-magazus osebeni lwethala elinomhlabathi odaka. Umhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala kumele ukhululwe bese ususwa ukhula. Umoya kufanele utjalwe emjondolo.
Ukutshala izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo zokubhukuda, kufanele kucwiliswe emanzini ngamasentimitha angama-20, ezinye izinhlobonhlobo, kube ngu-10 kuphela ebusika, isitshalo singafakwa futhi sikhule emhlabathini ovundisiwe ebhodweni elijwayelekile.
Umoya awuthandi okusalungiswa. Ukushisa okunethezekile kuye ehlobo kusuka ku-18 kuya kuma-22 degrees, futhi ebusika isitshalo singamelana neqhwa lisuka ku-15 liye ku-18 degrees.
Ukulandela uchungechunge lwalezi zeluleko ezilula, i-magazus ingatshalwa iminyaka eminingi, ihlonze izimfanelo zayo zokuhlobisa futhi isebenzise izakhiwo ezizuzayo ekwelapheni izifo eziningi.
I-Calendula nayo iyisitshalo sokwelapha futhi ikhula ngesikhathi sokutshala nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile. Lesi sitshalo asisizi ngalutho, kepha sidinga ukulandela imithetho embalwa yobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Ungathola zonke izincomo ezidingekayo kule ndatshana.
Ukunisela inhlekelele
Moisten inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-gangus njalo. Ukunisela kufanele kube kuningi, njengoba lesi sitshalo sithanda kakhulu umswakama. Inhlabathi akufanele yome ngaphandle kwalokho, uma kungenjalo lesi sitshalo siyofa.
Lesi seluleko siphathelene nenhlekelele ekhula ogwini lwesichibi nasemabhodweni asemafasiteleni. Isitshalo esitshalwe emanzini asidingi kuniselwa.
Inhlabathi yenhlekelele
Uma i-magazus itshalwe echibini, khona-ke inhlabathi ihlanganiswa ne-sludge, engezansi, isivele iyisondlo kuyo futhi ayidingi ukulungiswa ngokukhethekile.
Lapho utshala isitshalo ogwini lwechibi, umhlabathi kufanele uqale ngokumbiwa ngokufaka i-peat, umquba nobumba kuwo. Lapho ukhula isitshalo ebhodweni, isigaqa esingezansi kufanele sibe ne-turf, peat nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 2: 1: 2. Esikhundleni se-turf, ungasebenzisa i-sludge.
Ukufakelwa kweCalamus
Ukufakwa kwezitshalo kwenziwa entwasahlobo, lapho kungasenaso isongo seqhwa, noma ekwindla yokuqala. Kwenziwa ngamacala amabili: lapho kudluliselwa i-magazet endaweni entsha nalapho ikhula khona.
Ukuze uthungele isihlahla, kufanele simbiwe ngokucophelela futhi ngesigaxa somhlaba "sendabuko", esidluliselwe enhlabathini ebilungiselelwe ngaphambilini. Lesi sitshalo simila kungakapheli inyanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, kusengcupheni futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela.
Ukugqoka kukaCalamus
Ukuqala ukufaka umanyolo lesi sitshalo kufanele kube ekuqaleni kwesizini yokukhula. Kuqala ngo-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kanye ngenyanga. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, lesi sitshalo sidinga Umanyolo ehlobo.
Njengemvunulo ephezulu, kuyadingeka ukukhetha amalungiselelo we-hydroponic noma umanyolo wezitshalo ezinqumayo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abalimi bakholelwa ukuthi akudingekile ukondla i-magazus, ngoba Umanyolo uzoholela ekusakazweni okusebenzayo kwe-algae.
Inhlekelele yezimbali
Ama-inflorescence amancane aluhlaza wobungqingili abuthathwa ku-cob omude wesimo esibonakalayo.
Izitshalo eziningi ziyaqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya maphakathi noJuni, kepha kwezinye izinhlobo zenhlekelele, isikhathi sezimbali siqala maphakathi kuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo.
Ukuthena kweCalamus
Sika lesi sitshalo ukuze singakhuli kakhulu. Lapho kuqala ekwindla, ungathinti amahlamvu owomile.
Bayisusa kuphela entwasahlobo, lapho kuvela amahlumela amasha.
Ilungiselela inhlekelele ebusika
Ukulungiselela isitshalo ubusika kulula kakhulu. I-Swamp magazus ibonakala ngokuqina kokuqina kwesithwathwa ngakho-ke ingabusika echibini. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ubusika budlule ngendlela evamile, akudingekile ukususa amahlamvu anezithelo, ngoba yiwo ngqo azovikela le nhlekelele ekuqandeni.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlayiya zesitshalo ngeke zibekezelele ubusika emhlabathini ovulekile, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa sokuqala kufanele kubiwe futhi kudluliselwe ebhokisini, kusidlulisele egumbini lasebusika.
Ukusakazeka kweCalamus
I-Cinquefoil okusakazwa ngokwahlukaniswa kwezimpande. Ukuze utshale isitshalo, susa ngokucophelela izimpande emanzini bese uwahlukanisa ube izingxenye ukuze ngamunye wabo abe nephuzu lokuvuselela. Ngemuva kwalokho, izithombo zezitshalo ezilandelwayo kufanele zitshalwe zingaphezulu komhlabathi.
Ukuzalaniswa kwasekhaya, izimpande zingatshalwa noma ezitsheni ezine-peat, noma ngokushesha emabhodweni ane-substrate elungiselelwe.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Umoya uvikelekile ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. Kodwa-ke, isingahlaselwa yisibungu sesicabucabu, okuholela ekutheni kumiswe amaqabunga kanye nokuncipha kwamahlamvu. Ungasusa ngokufafaza ngesibulala-zinambuzane se-Aktara.
Futhi, ngenxa ye-hypothermia yenhlabathi, uhlelo lwezimpande lungabola, oluzoholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Ukugwema le nkinga, kuyadingeka ukutshala i-magazus hhayi esithunzini esigcwele, kodwa endaweni ene-shaded ye-grey, ukuze imisebe yelanga ifudumele inhlabathi.
Izakhiwo ezizuzisayo zomoya kanye ne-contraindication
Izimpande zeCalamus zigcwele i-gum, glycosides, tannins, isitashi, uwoyela obalulekile, amavithamini, i-ascorbic acid, iodine kanye nesethi ephelele yezinto ezilandelwayo. Le nhlanganisela yezakhi inika isitshalo izinzuzo ezinkulu zomzimba kanye namandla okunciphisa izifo eziningi.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-gangus iwusizo kakhulu emzimbeni, noma kunalokho:
- inomphumela wokubulala amagciwane;
- uphulukisa amanxeba ngokuphelele;
- kuthuthukisa umgudu wokugaya ukudla;
- imisa izinqubo zokuvuvukala;
- kunciphisa uhlelo lwezinzwa;
- ine-diuretic ne-choleretic effect;
- kuthuthukisa ukungaboni;
- ukushisa okuphansi;
- ikhuthaza i-liquefaction kanye ne-excretion ye-mucus kusuka emaphashini nase-bronchi;
- ivuselela izinqubo ze-metabolic ne-lipid;
- ikuvumela ukuthi uqede ukubhema.
Noma kunjalo, kukhona ukuphikisana nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa izilonda zesisu, izinkinga zezinso, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuthinta komzimba nokuqunjelwa. I-drug overdose esekwe enhlekeleleni ingaholela ekuhlanzeni.
Isicelo sokwenza imashi emoyeni emithini yesintu
Emithini yesintu, i-gangus isakazeke impela.
- ama-tinctures otshwala asuselwa kuwo asetshenziswa njenge-anesthetic, i-expectorant, i-diuretic ne-sedative;
- Ama-infusions we-gangus angama-antiseptics amahle futhi asiza ukulwa nezifo zesisu;
- ama-decoctions ezimpande ze-saberelnik athuthukisa ukugaya, akhuphule isifiso sokudla, futhi asetshenziselwa isifo sezinsini kanye ne-tonsillitis njengendlela yokuhlanza;
Amakhambi amaningi alungiswa kusuka empandeni ye -rosus, esebenza ngempumelelo kunazo zonke okungama-tincture kanye nama-decoctions, izindlela eziningana zalezi zidakamizwa zizonikezwa ngezansi.
I-calamus tincture ye-gastritis
Ukuze ulungiselele i-tincture, udinga ukuthatha amagremu ama-20 wezimpande ze-Cocus eziqunyiwe bese uwathululela ngama-gramu ayi-100 e-vodka, uhlanganise bese uthele embizeni yengilazi. Bese ubeka endaweni emnyama amasonto amabili.
Ngemuva kokuba isikhathi sesidlulile, faka bese uthatha amaconsi amathathu ngosuku, amaconsi angama-20 ngaphambi kokudla ukudla amasonto amabili.
I-tincture ye-magazus ne-propolis yamazinyo
Ukuze ulungiselele i-tincture, hlanganisa amagremu angama-40 wezimpande ze-gangus ngama-gramu angama-20 we-propolis. Bese uwagcwalisa ngesigamu selitha sevodka bese ubeka endaweni emnyama isonto.
Lapho i-tincture isilungile, kufanele isetshenziswe njenge-rinse. Ukuze wenze lokhu, fafaza amaconsi angama-20 omkhiqizo engilazini yamanzi afudumele bese uhlanza izinyo eligulayo izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezihlanu ngosuku isonto.
I-calamus tincture ne-calendula ngombono
Ukupheka, hlanganisa u-1 tbsp. isipuni se-magazus izimpande kanye nenani elifanayo lezimbali ze-marigold ezomile. Ngemuva kwalokho beka ingxube ku-thermos bese uthela ama-millilitha amanzi.
Faka ikhambi isigamu sehora, ngemuva kwalokho kufanele lihlungiwe. Thatha i-tincture kumele ibe inkomishi engu-1/3 kathathu ngosuku. Inkambo yokwelashwa izinyanga ezintathu.
Isilinganiso se-Aira nge-angina
Ukulungiselela umhluzi, udinga ukuthatha isipuni esingu-1 sezimpande ze-magazus bese usithululela ngengilazi yamanzi abilayo.
Ngemuva kwalokho ubilise le ngxube kubhavu wamanzi imizuzu engama-20 bese ushiya ukuyokhela amahora ama-5. Ngemuva kwesikhathi, hlanganisa umhluzi futhi usebenzise njengegabha lomphimbo.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imali engenhla, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho.
