Kukholelwa ukuthi onogwaja bayizilwane ezinethenda kakhulu ezidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ekuzondleni nasekuzilungiseni.
Noma yimuphi umqalisi onogwaja wokuqala kufanele aqale afunde ukufuya onogwaja. Ukudla konogwaja kufanele kube nokulinganisela, kuqukethe ukudla okusha, ukuze kulondolozwe izinga lokushisa lomzimba njalo kukhiqize ukungagcineki namandla abo.
Bheka futhi i-athikili: ukuthi ungapheka kanjani unogwaja?
Ngaphambi kokudala imenyu yokuthola onogwaja, kuyadingeka ukuthi ufunde ngezici zazo zomzimba, ngoba zidla ukudla cishe ubusuku nemini. Badla ngaphezulu kuka-60% wokuphakelwa ebusuku, ngakho-ke kusihlwa abondli kufanele basebenzise okuphakelayo ngenani elidingekayo. Ukudla njalo kuyanqunywa ngesidingo samanzi. Uma amanzi engangeni kumaseli abo ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngokusebenzisa ompompi abaphuze ukufakwa ngokukhethekile, khona-ke kusihlwa kufanele ugcwalise abaphuzayo phezulu ngamanzi. Ngesikhathi sokuhambela kwasekuseni ezifuyweni zazo, umfuyi womvundla uzobona izitsha ezingenalutho. Kuliqiniso, lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi esifudumele. Lapho kuqala isikhathi sobusika, isidingo samanzi siyancipha, futhi onogwaja baqala ukuphuza kancane. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ngisho nasebusika, amanzi ayingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwabo.
Ezimweni lapho onogwaja bagcinwa khona okuvalelwe kufakwe insured, kunconyelwa ukufaka amanzi ayiqhwa kwiziphuzo ezishisayo emazingeni okushisa aphakeme. Lokhu kukhwabanisa kwenziwa okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku. Amanzi onogwaja akufanele abande kakhulu.
Abesifazane abalindele ukugcwaliswa kabusha nokukhishwa kwabantu kufanele banikezwe ukutholakala kwamanzi afudumele ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sonyaka noma izinga lokushisa lomoya.
Onogwaja bondliwa bobabili imifino eluhlaza kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokuphakelwa. Okuphakelayo konogwaja kuhlukaniswe izinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- i-roughage;
- okuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe
- amakhambi namanzi nemifino.
Onogwaja kufanele bahlale benamanzi ahlanzekile abawaphuzayo. Kunconywa ngezikhathi ezithile ukwengeza amavithamini akhethekile onogwaja emanzini, athuthukisa izinqubo zokugaya ukudla futhi asize ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba. Amavithamini weChiktonik athandwa kakhulu kuwo wonke amavithamini, 1 ml ilitha lamanzi ngalinye lihlanjululwe. Okondlayo, kungcono ukuhlela ama-feed ezikhethekile ezinkanjini ezizosiza ukugwema ukunyathela.
Ezimweni lapho kufakwa khona ama-feed ahlukahlukene okondlayo oku-1, kunconywa ukuthi ekuqaleni unikeze okuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe, bese kuba okumnandi. Ukuphakelwa okusha kufanele kwethulwe, kuqala ngamanani amancane futhi kancane kancane kukhuphule ivolumu kuvamile kwansuku zonke.
Okuphakelayo okujabulisayo
Ukudla okunejusi yibo onogwaja abathandwa kakhulu. Ngokuqala kokushisa kwentwasahlobo, kuyadingeka ukondla izilwane ezifuywayo ngamakhambi akhula (umhlobiso) wezitshalo zasendle, izitshalo ezingama-leguminous, futhi futhi unikeze onogwaja abasebenza emifino engadini nengadi yeklabishi.
Kwenqatshelwe ukunikeza onogwaja utshani obusanda kugawulwa. Ngaphandle kokwehluleka, utshani kufanele buthele kancane. Ukusuka otshanini obusha kumarabi, isisu siyakwazi ukuqhakaza futhi kungenze umgudu wokugaya ukudla, okungaholela ekufeni kwesilwane.
Amakhambi anconyelwe ukuthi anikezwe onogwaja ehlobo:
- ama-dandelion wensimu;
- i-alfalfa;
- izihlakala engadini;
- i-nettle encane;
- utshani obukhulu;
- leek;
- i-clover;
- okusanhlamvu nemidumba (ikakhulukazi eziqongweni zepea, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi, ummbila).
Ungalokothi unikeze onogwaja uhlaza olungaziwa, ikakhulukazi uma lubangela ukungabaza noma izinsolo.
Ukondla onogwaja ngezinsimu nezinhlamvu kufanele kuhlanganiswe. Eminye imidumba nezinhlamvu azinconyelwe onogwaja; kungcono ukuzixuba nezinye izimila ukuze ugweme ukuthobeka.
Njengokuphakelwa okuluhlaza okotshani, unganikeza iziqongo zezilimo zemifino ezilandelayo:
- swede;
- itheniphu;
- ifolishi beets;
- ama-beet;
- amazambane
- izaqathe.
Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukondla iziqongo zikatamatisi ukuze onogwaja. Iziqongo ezivela kumazambane zinikezwa ngamanani amancane, ngaphambili omisiwe.
Kungcono futhi ukuthi unikeze amaqongqothwane ka-beet ngezilinganiso ezincane, ngoba unezindawo zokuzila. Ingxenye yama-beet tops akufanele idlule ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zokudla okuluhlaza.
Ukudla okunejusi kufaka nemifino enjenge-izaqathe kanye nama-beet (feed) ithanga, i-zucchini, eziwusizo kakhulu kubantu besifazane abakhipha izibuko ukwandisa umthamo wobisi nokusebenza kwabesilisa.
Okuphakelayo okugxile
Kunconywa ukuthi abantu abondliwe banikezwe okuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe:
- okusanhlamvu (i-oats, ukolweni, ibhali);
- ukudla okuhlanganisiwe kogwaja;
- bran;
- ikhekhe;
- isidlo sethambo nenhlanzi;
- okusanhlamvu
- ukudla kwezilwane.
Ukuphakelwa okuhlanganisiwe kufanele kwenziwe ekudleni okujwayelekile kwesilwane. Zinempilo kakhulu futhi zimunca kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banamaprotheni amaningi aqukethe kuwo nenani elincane lamanzi, eliqinisekisa ukukhula okukhulu nokwanda kokuqhekeka kwezinsikazi ezinkulisa.
Ukudla okusanhlamvu okuhle kakhulu konogwaja yi-oats, enezakhi eziningi zomzimba futhi okusanhlamvu okudla. Ukondla ama-oats akuholeli ekukhuluphiseni ngokweqile kumarhubhu futhi kunomthelela omuhle endleleni yokugaya ukudla. Ama-oats aduthiswa okusanhlamvu okuchotshoziwe futhi okuphelele.
Okuphakelayo okufana nokolweni, ibhali kanye ne-rye kunikezwa kahle kakhulu ngesimo esichotshoziwe futhi ngamanani amancane, kuxutshwa nezinye izinhlobo zokuphakelwa.
Isidlo samathambo nenhlanzi sinamaprotheni amaningi (aze afike ku-50%) futhi ayizithasiselo ezinhle kokuphakelwa okuyinhloko. Ukuxuba ufulawa kunconywa ngokudla okumanzi ngokwesilinganiso sama-gramu ayi-5 ekhanda ngalinye.
Ukudla okuhlanganisiwe kwe-granular for onogwaja kuyacetshiswa ngamavithamini abaluleke kakhulu, ama-microelements, futhi kufaka ne-alfalfa. Ukuphakela okunjalo okuxubekile kungasusa ngokuphelele lonke uhlobo lokunye okuphakelayo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuphakelwa onogwaja:
- PC 90-1, yakhelwe ukondla onogwaja kusuka enyangeni eyodwa kuya ezinyangeni eziyisithupha;
- I-PC 93-1, eyakhelwe ukondla abantu abatholakala ku-nyama, ibuye ifanelwe kahle onogwaja abancane abafinyelela ezinyangeni ezi-3.
Akujwayelekile ukuthi abafuyi bezithelo basebenzise ukudla okwenziwe ngenkani okwenzelwe izingulube ukondla onogwaja. Ungazondla izilwane zakho ezifuywayo ngalokhu kudla okuhlanganisiwe, kepha kungcono ukusebenzisa okuphakelayo okukhiqizelwe ngqo onogwaja.
Akunakusho ukuthi ungasebenzisi okuphakelayo izinyoni (izinkukhu, amadada, amahansi), ngoba aqukethe amatshe amancane negobolondo.
Okuphakelayo okulinganiselwe okwenzelwe ukondla izingulube noma izinkomo akumele kube ngaphezu kwesigamu se-ration yansuku zonke. Ukuphakelwa okhethekile konogwaja kungasetshenziswa esikhundleni sokuphakelayo.
Ukuphakela okuhlanganisiwe
I-hay, i-twig notshani yizifunzo ezigwababa zonogwaja. Kufanele zibe ekudleni, njengoba zithuthukisa ukugaya nokugedla amazinyo. Ukwelapha okuthandwa kakhulu onogwaja phakathi kwama-roughage ngamagatsha ezihlahla zezithelo ezilandelayo nezihlahla:
- i-acacia;
- raspberries;
- izihlahla zama-apula;
- izihlahla ze-linden;
- willow
- ama-aspens.
Kutholwe ezifuywayo ngentokozo enkulu yezinhlamvu zamagatsha, ngaleyo ndlela zigaya amazinyo. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwamagatsha kuzosindisa umvundisi onogwaja enkingeni enjengamaseli okuququda.
Enye into ebalulekile yokudla kogwaja ngosawoti (i-lick). Inama-carbohydrate, amaminerali namavithamini abalulekile womzimba onogwaja. Izakhiwo zikasawoti:
- kuthinta kahle zonke izinqubo ezibalulekile emzimbeni wezilwane ezifuywayo;
- kuthuthukisa imetabolism;
- kusiza ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba.
I-Hay ngukuphakelwa okuyinhloko kwenqwaba yama-roughage. Izinhlobo ezifanayo zezitshalo eziluhlaza ezisetshenziswa njengokuphakelayo ehlobo zivunelwa utshani. Hay iyanconywa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza utshani. Utshani obunjiwe kumele bome ngokuphelele izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphansi kwelanga, bese bomiswe ngaphansi kothafi. Komunye unogwaja omdala wokuthola ubusika obugculisayo, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela amakhilogremu we-hay angama-45.
Amagatsha nawo adinga ukuvunwa kusengaphambili, awaqoqe ngemishanelo futhi omiswe ngaphansi kophahla, endaweni enomoya omuhle. Amagatsha azosebenza njengomthombo owengeziwe wamavithamini ngesikhathi sasebusika. Akujwayelekile ukuthi abafuyi bezinja abanolwazi basuthise izilwane zabo ngamagatsha e-spruce, kaphayini kanye nomsedari ebusika. Benza ngcono isifiso sokudla futhi bangezelele umsebenzi wokukhula. Ngokuphakelwa njalo kwamagatsha e-coniferous kuya konogwaja, uboya bawo buba bushelelezi futhi bucwebe.
Kunconywa ukunikeza amagatsha ama-coniffort ngamanani amancane futhi uthathe ikhefu amasonto ambalwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-20-25.
Ukuzalela onogwaja endaweni ethile yomuntu siqu kuyindawo ethokozisayo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kungcono ukusebenzisa okuphakelayo okugxilisiwe konogwaja njengokuphakelayo kunokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezigcwele zokuphakelwa, uma kungenakulinganiswa okungalungile okungadala imiphumela edabukisayo kumuntu ngamunye. Kepha ngokudla okwenzelwe kahle, onogwaja bayohlala besebenza futhi bethokozile.
