Ama-Dahlias ayizitshalo ezingama-perennial, ngakho-ke akufanele ukholelwe labo abathi kukhona izinhlobo zonyaka. Yize lo mthetho ungasebenzi endaweni yezwe lethu, ngoba endaweni ephakathi nobusika ubusika bukhulu kakhulu kangangokuba i-dahlias iyafa ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ekuphakameni kwethu kufanele zikhule njengezitshalo zonyaka.
Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ama-dahlias angakwazi ukuhlala njalo. Kudingeka kuphela ekwindla bambe nezilimo eziyizigaxa zabo futhi silinde intwasahlobo ukuthi ibatshala futhi.
Ama-dahlias wonyaka angesinye sezitshalo ezivamile ezingatholakala kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezimbali. Futhi wonke umlimi we-amateur unethuba lokukhetha noma iyiphi indlela ayithandayo yokulinyelwa endle - ngokusebenzisa izithombo noma imbewu.
Ukufakelwa
Indlela yabalimi eyenziwa kakhulu yokulima ama-dahlias wonyaka ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile. Kepha okokuqala udinga ukukhetha indawo lapho i-dahlias yaminyaka yonke izokhula khona, futhi bamba imicimbi ethile.
Ukulungiswa kwamalambu nenhlabathi
Kunconywa ukutshala izithombo ze-dahlia endaweni ekhanyayo, futhi endaweni ekhethiwe, inhlabathi enomthelela ongathathi hlangothi noma onomdlandla omncane kufanele ube namandla. Ngesikhathi sokulungiselela, kubalulekile ukumba isiza ngenkathi ngasikhathi sinye ubeka i-humus enhlabathini. Ukwenza inhlabathi inyakaze, isihlabathi siyanezelelwa.
Izici Zokufika
Abalimi abanolwazi kakhulu bavame ukukhulisa ama-dahlias wonyaka ngokutshala kwabo ngezithombo. Futhi bakwenza ngamathuba, ngoba bayazi ukuthi kulokhu izimbali zokuqala ziqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni. Ngakho-ke inqubo yonke ingakwazi chaza ngezinyathelo ezimbili:
- okokuqala, kulungiswa amabhokisi enhlabathi lapho kutshalwe khona izithombo;
- lapho kumiswa isimo sezulu esihle, izitshalo ezincane zidluliselwa emhlabeni ovulekile.
Kunconywa ukugcwalisa amathangi okutshala ngengxube eyenziwe nge-peat, isihlabathi kanye ne-perlite. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, kufanele unisele umhlabathi ngokucophelela. Uma iziqukathi zepulasitiki zikhethiwe ngezithombo ezikhulayo, khona-ke izimbotshana kudingeka zenziwe kuzo. Ngemuva kokubeka imbewu phezu kwenhlabathi, zifafazwa ngengxube yesihlabathi nenhlabathi. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izilimo kufanele ziniselwe ngokucophelela kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza.
Imvamisa inqubo yokukhulisa izithombo yenzeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Imbewu iboniswa ukuhluma okuhle, futhi izitshalo ezisencane zisuka ngokushesha emva kokuntywila.
Noma kunjalo, khumbula lokho ukuchelela kufanele kube ngokulinganayouma kungenjalo, izithombo zingagula ngenxa yokufaka amanzi enhlabathini.
Ungahlela ukutshala imbewu yezithombo ngezikhathi ezihlukile, kepha kungcono ukwenza lokhu kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Ephreli.
lapho imbewu ihlwanyelwe, iziqukathi kufanele zimbozwe ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene, emva kwalokho idluliselwe endaweni ekhanyayo efudumele. Akudingekile ukulinda isikhathi eside ukuhluma kwembewu. Amahlumela okuqala avela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Lapho imbewu iqala ukuhluma, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa, kodwa lokhu akwenziwa ngokushesha, kodwa njengoba kuvela izithombo ezintsha;- lapho izithombo ziba namandla, zingena phakathi kwezimbiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele itshalwe ngendlela yokuthi amaqabunga okuqala asezingeni lomhlabathi. Ngokudaya, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa inhlabathi ekhethekile yokutshala, ukulungiselela lapho kusetshenziswa khona isihlabathi ne-peat, okuhlanganiswa nomhlabathi we-turf ngesilinganiso okungenani uhhafu wevolumu ephelele;
- lapho ama-dahlias esinda ngempumelelo kupiki, aqala ukondla, okusetshenziselwa noma yimuphi umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi kuwo. Kodwa-ke, uma unikezwe ukuthi izithombo zihlelelwe ukondliwa, zidinga ukufakwa engxenyeni engakanani. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, kuzodingeka ukucindezela ngaphezulu kwehlamvu lesine;
- lapho amagagasi okugcina entwasahlobo esedlulile, aqala ukutshala izithombo endaweni ehlala njalo;
- isitshalo akufanele sibekwe eduze kuka-30-60 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Kodwa-ke, lesi sikhawu sinqunywa kucatshangelwa ubukhulu bezithombo.
lapho imbewu ihlwanyelwe, iziqukathi kufanele zimbozwe ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene, emva kwalokho idluliselwe endaweni ekhanyayo efudumele. Akudingekile ukulinda isikhathi eside ukuhluma kwembewu. Amahlumela okuqala avela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Lapho imbewu iqala ukuhluma, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa, kodwa lokhu akwenziwa ngokushesha, kodwa njengoba kuvela izithombo ezintsha;Ungakhuphula izinga lokusinda kwezithombo uma ezinsukwini zokuqala mgcine ngesembozo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa impahla ekhethekile embozekayo noma, evame ukwenziwa kakhulu ngabalimi abaningi, amabhodlela epulasitiki amnyama lapho enza izimbobo zomoya ukungena kuwo.
Esigabeni esiphakathi sezwe lethu, kungcono ukuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ngokubambezeleka okukhulu kokuhlwanyela, izimbali zokuqala ze-dahlia ngeke ziqhakaze ngaphambili kuka-Agasti. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, umbhede wegadi kufanele umbozwe ngopulasitiki, ongasuswa kuze kuvele izithombo.
Ukuzala
Ukuvuna imbewu yama-dahlias waminyaka yonke "uJolly Fellows" ahlanganyela ekwindla, lapho efika esigabeni sokuvuthwa. Lokhu kha amabhokisi embewulapho imbewu itholakala khona. Afinyelela ekuvuthweni cishe kwezinsuku ezingama-30 ngemuva kokushiswa kwe-dahlias.
Imbewu evuniwe kufanele ibekwe endaweni epholile, eyomile ukuze yomile. Ngemuva kwalokho, badinga ukuthululwa emaphaketheni ephepha bese ligcinwa kuwo kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
Ukunakekelwa
Ama-dahlias wonyaka izitshalo ezingabekezeleleki, ukuze bakwazi ukwenza kalula ngaphandle kokufaka umquba. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe zitshalwe emhlabathini ompofu, zizokwazi ukujabulisa umlimi ngokungabi nezimbali eziningi ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okukhethekile, nalapho zikhulele ezindaweni eziphilayo.
Kodwa-ke, kunesidingo esisodwa ukuthi wonke umlimi aqaphele: ukungagxili kokuswakama akwamukeleki endaweni ekhethwe ukutshala i-dahlias, ngakho-ke, uma kunesidingo, kuzodingeka ukwandisa ukutholakala komswakama wenhlabathi.
Ama-Dahlias awadingi ukuniselwa kaningi, isidingo sawo samanzi sikhuphuka kuphela ngezinsuku ezomile.
Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo
Ama-Dahlias "Ama-Funny Guys" awafani nezinye izitshalo eziqhakazayo, ngakho-ke udinga njalo ukuqapha isimo sabo, ngesikhathi sokubona izimpawu zomonakalo ovela ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni.
njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kunconywa ukuthi ugaye inhlabathi ujule ekwindla minyaka yonke. Ngenxa yalokhu kusebenza, unganciphisa ingozi yokuthi i-dahlias ilinywe izibungu;- Imiphumela emihle ingatholakala ngokukhawula inhlabathi. Okokuqala, lokhu kusebenza kusebenza ukuvikela isifo esibucayi njenge-fusarium. Izimpawu zesifo zithanda iziqongo neziqalo zama-dahlias, ahambisana kanyekanye nokufiphaza izingxenye ezingaphansi zesitshalo;
- izifo zesikhunta nazo zingazilimaza lezi zimbali. Ingozi enkulu kakhulu yokuthuthuka kwabo ngokufika okugcwele futhi okunganakwa. Uma lesi sifo sivunyelwe, khona-ke amaqabunga azoqala ukumbozwa ngamabala ansundu, bese emva kwalokho azokoma bese eqala ukuwa;
- ingozi dahlia ukubola okumhlophe. Ungayibona ngokuncipha kwamahlumela, ngenkathi iziqu ziqala ukuba namabala. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-dahlias zingathinteka ngokubola kwamagciwane kanye nokubola oku-brown, ukubona kanye nezinye izifo. Ungasusa lezi zibonakaliso ezingemnandi ngosizo lwama-fungicides nezinye izithasiselo zemvelo ezahlukahlukene.
njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kunconywa ukuthi ugaye inhlabathi ujule ekwindla minyaka yonke. Ngenxa yalokhu kusebenza, unganciphisa ingozi yokuthi i-dahlias ilinywe izibungu;Ukusetshenziswa kwe-dahlias ekwakhiweni komhlaba
AmaDahlias "Ama-Funny Guys" afunwa kakhulu njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa, ngosizo adizayina ngalo lawo ma-design wezakhiwo zomhlaba njenge imibhede yezimbali kanye ne-rabatki. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa emapulazini eqembu aqukethe izitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo. Akunakubukeka okungafani nokubukeka kwe-dahlias, ezikhule ngendlela yezitshalo ezingashadile.
Ekwakhiweni kwemingcele, izimbambo kanye ne-rabatki encane, izinhlobo ezikhula kancane ze-dahlia zivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu, ngoba yilezi zitshalo ezingazakhi izithunzi zomunye. Lezi zimbali ezitshalwe kumashubhu noma ezimbizeni zezimbali zibukeka zihle.
Isiphetho
Cishe wonke umlimi wasendlini ujwayelene nama-dahlias. Lezi zinhlamvu zithandwa kakhulu ezweni lethu ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo zokuhlobisa. Futhi zingatshalwa cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo. Ngenxa yokuzithoba kwabo, empeleni abadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngakho-ke, cishe noma yisiphi isikhala samahhala singasetshenziswa ukuhlela imibhede yezimbali nge-dahlias.
Imvamisa zikhula ngendlela yesithombo, evumela ukuthi emva kokufakelwa ukulinda ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wokuqala. Kodwa, khumbula ukuthi ku-dahlias yethu yesimo sezulu ayikwazi ukukhula ngendlela ejwayelekileNgakho-ke, ekwindla badinga ukumba futhi bagcinwe ezindlini kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
