U-Adonis - umthandi weVenus

Izincwadi ziphindaphinde zikhulume ngenganekwane enhle yesitshalo se-adonis, egama lesiLatini elithi adonis. Le nganekwane yayithandwa kakhulu eGrisi yasendulo, kepha yafika udumo olukhulu kunawo wonke eRenaissance, lapho kwakhiwa imidwebo eminingi nemidwebo esakhiweni senganekwane yeVenus ne-Adonis.. Inganekwane ka-Adonis ihlelwe ngokuphelele kuMetrorphose ka-Ovid. Ngokwenye inganekwane, uVenus wayethukuthele unkosikazi wenkosi yaseCyprus uKimir ngokungamhloniphi futhi wagqugquzela indodakazi yakhe ukuthanda kakhulu uyise. Inkosi, ingasoli iqiniso futhi yanqotshwa isilingo, yangena ebudlelwaneni noMirra, kodwa kwathi lapho ithola iqiniso, yathuka. Onkulunkulu baphenduka ngeshwa baba umuthi wemure, nejusi lephunga eliyigugu elivela emanxebeni. Kusuka esiqwini esiqhekekile ingane yazalwa, eyabizwa ngo-Adonis. Umfana wayemuhle ngendlela engajwayelekile. UVenus wamnika ukuthi akhulise i-Persephone, unkosikazi kankulunkulu wabaphansi waseHayidesi, ngesinqumo sokuthi uma ingane ikhula, uzobuyela kuyena. Kodwa, lapho isikhathi esimisiwe sifika, uPersephone wayengafuni ukuhlukana naye. UZeus ngokwakhe kwakufanele abe yijaji kule ngxabano, eyanquma ukuthi ehlobo u-Adonis uzohlala emhlabeni noVenus, futhi ebusika uzobuya ngomshoshaphansi nePersephone. UHenus ojabulayo wazulazula ehlathini eno-Adonis, emncenga ukuba angazibeki ezingcupheni futhi angazingeli izilwane ezinolaka - amabhere nezingulube. Kepha ngesinye isikhathi u-Adonis wahamba wayozingela eyedwa futhi wabulawa ngamaphanga asendle. UVenus wasikhalela kakhulu isithandwa sakhe, wabe esemguqula waba imbali, wafafaza umpe egazini lentsha.

Uhlobo lwe-Adonis, noma i-Adonis, lunezinhlobo ezingama-45 zemvelo zonyaka nezonyaka. Futhi vumela umbala we-corolla ezinhlotsheni eziningi ubomvu ngaphandle kwegazi, bonke, ngokuqonda kwama-nerds, bayizihlobo ze "imbali ye-Adonis". Abamele lolu hlobo bahlala bobabili emathafeni nasezintabeniukukhuphukela kuma-4500 m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Ngenxa yendawo yokuhlala ezindaweni ezikude, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zisalokhu zingaqondwa kahle kuze kube manje. Okokuqala, yi-Adonis vernalis (Adonis vernalis), i-adonis. Lesi sitshalo siyizinyathelo zengxenye yeYurophu yaseRussia, eCrimea, eCiscaucasia, eSiberia kanye naseCentral naseSouth Europe. I-Adonis vernalis iyingxenye yama-forbs of meadow steppes nama-steppe meadows. Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu, ezinezimbali ezivutha ngegolide, ziyaqhakaza ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli futhi ziqeda ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi nasekuqaleni kukaJuni. Amaqabunga aphansi anesikali, athela isigaxa, kanti ukhipha izigaxa kuyinto emsulwa, amahlandla amaningi ehlakazekile. Imbali enkulu efinyelela ku-6 cm ububanzi, enamaparele aphuzi amahhala angama-15- 20, acwebezelayo asekelwa ngamathuna ama-pubescent ayisihlanu phezulu kwesiqu. Kunezimpawu eziningi zokubhula nezinsimbi. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo eziqhakazayo kungamasentimitha ayi-10-15, izithelo, amasentimitha angama-40-60. Izithelo ezisinki enekhala elivuthiwe zivuthwe ngoJulayi. Izithelo ezihlangene kusuka kumantongomane amaningi omile - izimpande eziningi.

I-Adonis entwasahlobo eYurophu yethulwa emasikweni. Kunezinhlobo zezingadi.

Ukunakekela nokukhiqiza kabusha

Wonke ama-adonise akhula kancane futhi azwela kakhulu ukufakelwa. Inhlabathi kumele igcinwe ivulekile futhi inomswakama. Ukuvuselelwa kwe-buds kubekwe kusasele iminyaka engu-2-2 ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke udinga ukusika ngokucophelela lesi sitshalo, uqaphele ukuthi ungalimazi izinso.

Kusatshalaliswa imbewu nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngo-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, ukuze ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, izitshalo zikhule kahle.

Ukwehlukaniswa kanye ukufakelwa kwama-adonise akufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-4-5 yokulinywa, endaweni eyodwa ngaphandle kokufakelwa ama-adonises akhula aze afike eminyakeni eyi-10. Inketho enhle ukuthi udlulise izitshalo nge-clod yomhlaba, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izimpande, zikhula kancane, akunconywa ukuthi uzihlukanise zibe izingxenye ezincane. Ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, izitshalo ziyaqhakaza futhi zikhule kahle, izimbali ezijwayelekile zivela kuphela ngonyaka wesibili. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-adonise okwenzeka njalo ngembewu kunzima, ngoba zinokuhluma okuphansi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yembewu iqhuma kuphela ngonyaka wesibili. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu, mhlawumbe ehlutshiwe, kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqwa. Kuze kube sebusika, amabhokisi anezitshalo kufanele agcinwe egumbini elingaphansi elibandayo, bese abembelwa eqhweni. Kungenzeka ukugcina imbewu endaweni encane enomswakama esiqandisini kuze kube ukuqala kwentwasahlobo, kulandelwe ukuhluma endaweni ebamba ukushisa endaweni engama-degrees angama-18 kuya kwayi-22. Izitshalo ezincane zikhula kancane, zifinyelela ekuthuthukisweni okuphelele kuphela iminyaka engama-4-5.

Sebenzisa

Ama-adonise ase-Perennial awakulungele ukusikwa, kepha ayasebenza kakhulu ekutshaleni kweqembu noma phakathi kwezihlahlana ezingavamisile. Lapho utshala, kufanele abe maduze namathrekhi, muhle emagqumeni anamatshe avela empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezibalulekile zokwelapha - ezaziyikhona ngekhulu le-XIV zazisetshenziswa kabanzi emithini yabomuntu ukuthola izizumbulu, izifo zenhliziyo nezinso ezahlukahlukene.

Izinhlobo

UGolden Adonis (Adonis chrysocyathus) - Enye yezitshalo ezingandile eCentral Asia. Lesi simila se-herbaceous yisitshalo esibaluleke kakhulu sokwelapha nokuhlobisa esitholakala kwiTien Shan, eKashmir, eWestern Tibet, lapho amakhethini e-adonis enza izindawo ezimibalabala eziphuzi emithambekeni enamadwala. Imisebe ephuzi ibonakala kahle ngokumelene nesizinda seqhwa elingakancibilikisi kanye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka wesibhakabhaka. Inani lezindawo ezithile zalezi zinhlobo liyaziwa, futhi inani labantu liphindaphindeka futhi lehliswe kakhulu ngenxa yokungenelela komuntu. Ingxenye ye-a emoyeni imelelwa ngumuntu oyedwa noma iqembu le-semi-rosette amahlumela, inani nosayizi walo kuncike eminyakeni yobudala. Ngakho-ke, umuntu oneminyaka ephakathi nendawo unama-rosette angaba ngu-30 ukuphakama okungama-45-50 cm.Isihloko sokuzala, njengomthetho, sinezimbali ezinkulu eziphuzi ezikhulu. Leli hlumela lilingana nokuphakama noma ukuphakama kancane kunokuphakama kwamaqabunga e-rosette.

I-Adonis Turkestan (Adonis turkestanicus) - esinye sezitshalo ezibalulekile zokwelapha eCentral Asia - isiphetho sePamir-Alai. Ingxenye esemqoka yobubanzi bayo ixhumene nezinhlelo zezintaba zaseGissaro-Darvaz, lapho zingakha khona amathokhethi angajwayelekile e-juniper kanye ne-tragacanthus endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-2000 kuya ku-500 ngaphezu kolwandle. Amathikithi ahlanzeke kakhulu akhonjwa ezindaweni zezindawo okwakuhlala kuzo izinkomo. Lokhu kukhombisa isimo esihle sezitshalo ngomhlabathi ocebile ezintweni eziphilayo. I-Turkestan Adonis ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza izimbali inobude obungama-10-20 cm, kuthi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo kufike ku-70 cm. Isitshalo sonke simbozwe izinwele ezisontekile. Izimbali emaphethelweni amahlumela azikodwa, ububanzi be-4-6 cm, i-perianth iphindwe kabili, ihlala njalo, iqukethe i-corolla ne-calyx. Ama-petals angombala ophuzi-olintshi, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kwe-undererside. Isici esibonakalayo saloluhlobo ukuthi ngasikhathi sinye lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezisanda kwenziwa, savula izimbali nokusetha imbewu. Njengoba ihlumela ngalinye linezimpande eziseceleni kwe-oda lokuqala, lesibili, lesithathu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi lesine, kungaba nezimbali ezingafika ku-250 kumuntu oyedwa ophakathi kweminyaka. Izimbali ziqala ukuvela ekseni le-oda lokuqala. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhula, izimbali ziyaqhakaza ku-axis yesibili, yama-oda wesithathu, anquma ubude bezimbali nokwakheka kwezithelo. Ukuqhakaza okude okunjalo kungukuzivumelanisa okubalulekile kwezimo ezinzima zelezindawo eziphakemeyo.

Adonis mongolian (Adonis mongolica) - Isitshalo seMongolia esingapheli. Kwenzeka ngaphakathi kweHangai, ezintabeni nasezithambekeni zezintaba, ngasemaphethelweni amahlathi larch. Okuningi kakhulu kumasayithi wokupaka izinkomo ezindala. Ikhula enhlabathini evundile, enothile kakhulu. Amahlumela esitshalo esiphakathi kweminyaka eminingi (afika ku-20-30 noma ngaphezulu), anezimpande ze-oda lesibili nelesithathu. Amacembe ama-basal ancishisiwe. Amahlamvu Median, in the sinuses zazo amahlumela of the oda elilandelayo kwakhiwa, isessess. Izimbali zinkulu, zingamasentimitha angama-2,5-5 cm. Ukwahlukaniswa kuluhlaza okukhanyayo, kwesinye isikhathi nge-tint ebubende, i-pubescent enezinwele ezincane. Ama-petals amhlophe. IMongolia Adonis ingesinye sezitshalo zokuqala zasentwasahlobo zaseMongolia. Kunzima ukucabanga isithombe esikhanyayo nesihle ngokwengeziwe - izigqoko zezimbali ezimhlophe qhwa eqhweni emithambekeni yama-steppe anamahlamvu ansundu ngonyaka odlule ngokumelene nesibhakabhaka esikhanyayo esibhakabhaka. Izimbali ziqala ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, futhi kuqhume izimbali ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, Juni. Igagasi lokuqala lezimbali lakhiwa izimbali ze-apical ze amahlumela amakhulu. Esikhundleni sezimbali ezi-apical zesibili, zesithathu, nokunye. Kufanele unake iqiniso lokuthi wonke amahlumela aseceleni, kungakhathalekile ukuthi indawo kuyini, aqeda ngezinga elifanayo. Lokhu kuchaza ukuqhakaza okukhulu kwezimbali, lapho izimbali zakha uhlobo lwedome ngendlela ye “cap” elimhlophe qhwa. Igagasi elilandelayo lezimbali lakhiwa kusuka kuzimbali ezisegatsheni lama-oda alandelayo. Lesi sigqi esiqhakaza sifaka isandla ekuhlobiseni isitshalo njalo futhi sikhulisa amathuba okuvuthwa kwembewu esikhathini sezulu esihle kakhulu. Kufanelekile ukukhumbula izwekazi elibukhali lesimo sezulu saseMongolia, ikakhulukazi izindawo zayo zezintaba, lapho ngesikhathi sokukhula sokushisa okushintshashintshayo kungenzeka kube yiqhwa, iqhwa nesichotho. Kushiya kuqala emva kwezimbali eziqhakazayo. Ukukhula kwamahlumela kuyaqhubeka kuze kuvuthwe imbewu. Utshani baseMongolia Adonis busebenza njengendwangu eluhlaza yokuthola i-glycosides ebalulekile yenhliziyo.

Adonis Amur (Adonis amurensis) - imbiza zisetshenziswa evela e-Far East, lapho ikhula khona emahlathini omsedari. Amaqabunga ahlakazeka ngokusobala emaphepheni amade, akhula ngemuva kokuqhakaza futhi aqhubeke kuze kube nguJulayi no-Agasti. Iqhakaza kusukela ngo-Ephreli amasonto angama-2-3. Izimbali zingombala ophuzi wegolide, zivuleke ububanzi obungama-5 cm. Iqhakaza ngaphambi kwamaqabunga. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali akuyona ngaphezu kuka-10-15 cm. Izithelo ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, Juni. Kusakazwa imbewu. Amahlumela avela ngonyaka. Lesi sitshalo singeniswa emasikweni. EJapan, izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa ezinezimbali eziphindwe kabili ezimhlophe, zipinki, zibomvu.