Isitshalo iMuraya siyilungu lomndeni wakwaRutov. Abamele bayo behlala befaka izihlahla zombili kanye nezihlahla. Indawo yalesi sitshalo ibanzi ezindaweni ezinjengeplanethi yethu njengeNdiya, iCentre of Africa, Java, Sumatra.
Leli gama lanikezwa i-genus ukuhlonipha uMurray we-botanist. Lesi sitshalo sathandwa kakhulu ngamakhosi aseJapan futhi sakhula kanye nawo njenge-bonsai. Uhlobo lunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezihlobisa kakhulu amakamelo ethu.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
UMuraya Keniga yisitshalo esifinyelela kubude obungafika kumamitha ayi-6. Amahlamvu acwebezelisiwe, aqhakaza, izimbali zakha ama-inflorescence amakhulu, anuka kamnandi, izithelo zimnyama. Izimbali ziqala eminyakeni engama-2-4.
UMuraya Ukhathazekile isihlahla esingakhula sifinyelele kumamitha amathathu. Intuthuko ishesha. Amahlamvu ayi-oval, emlenzeni owodwa kungaba namaqabunga angafika ku-11, angaphezulu akhulu kunalawo angaphansi. Izimbali zivame ukwakha ama-inflorescence, akuvamile ukuba zodwa. Izithelo zombala obomvu, zinezinhlamvu ezi-2.
UMuraya emfushane le yifomu le-paniculata. Lesi sihlahla esincane sikhula sibe ngu-50 cm, siqhume ngonyaka wokuqala, lapho sitshalwa.
UMuraya Red hhayi emude kakhulu isihlahla sasendlini esimbozwe ngamahlamvu. Izimbali aziningi, zimhlophe.
UMuraya Chernaya ifana nesihlahla sesundu. Ujikijela ihlumela eliphezulu phezulu lapho kwakhiwa khona amaqabunga amade amaqabunga lapho kubekwa khona amaqabunga afinyelela ku-18.
UMuraya waseHimalaya isitshalo somuthi esinamahlahla esinamagatsha kahle. Inamaconsi amacembe, aqhakaza amhlophe.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya eMuraya
Akunzima konke ukukhulisa i-muraya futhi uyinakekele. Imithetho eyisisekelo yalokhu.
Igumbi lapho kuzogcinwa khona lesi sitshalo kufanele libe nomoya omusha. Lesi sihlahla sidinga ukukhanya okungonakalisiwe, kepha amahora ambalwa ngosuku ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhanyayo nawo ayavunyelwa. Kuyadingeka ukuzama ukuze ebusika isihlahla sibuye sibe nokukhanya okwanele.
Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, izinga lokushisa elingcono kakhulu lizoba cishe ngu-25 ° C, kanti ebusika kancane kube ngu-15 ° C.
Zonke izinhlobo, ngaphandle kuka-Murai otatazekile, azidingi ukuthenwa noma ukucwaswa. Ukuze imifino ikhule ngokulinganayo, kwesinye isikhathi vula isitsha esihlahleni sikhanyise.
Ukunisela uMuraya
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, i-muraya idinga ukuthambisa okunamandla, kepha okungajwayelekile, ukuze inhlabathi epanini ikome kancane. Amanzi kufanele akhethwe ethambile, hhayi i-chlorine. Lapho kuqala ikwindla, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe, ukukhiqiza kancane, kodwa futhi kungavumeli inhlabathi ukuba yome kakhulu
Ngokufafaza, ukuthuthukisa umswakama, leli siko lilonke alidingi, kepha ngeke likulimaze ukushisa.
Umanyolo we-Murai
Lapho unakekela lesi sitshalo, kufanele sivundiswe entwasahlobo nasehlobo njalo ngenyanga, sisebenzisa ukugqokwa kwendalo kanye nezimbiwa.
Kepha qiniseka ukuthi ayikho i-nitrogen eyeqile, ngoba kulokhu imifino izokhulunywa kakhulu, futhi nokuqhakaza kungenzeka kungenzeki.
Ukufakelwa kukaMuraya
Abantu abasha badinga ukufakelwa konyaka, kubantu abadala kwanele ukufeza le nqubo njalo eminyakeni emi-3, kepha ngasikhathi sinye yonke into kufanele ishintshwe ngqo emathangini okukhulisa ibhola eliphezulu lomhlaba lapho kuqala intwasahlobo.
Kungcono ukufakela isitshalo usebenzisa i-transshipment, uphatha ngokucophelela uhlelo lwezimpande.
Ngemuva kokuthenga, i-murayu ebhodweni nayo kufanele idluliselwe, kodwa hhayi ngokushesha, ukuze kungabangeli ukucabanga okukhulu kakhulu kwesihlahla. Linda cishe inyanga ukuthola i-acclimatization, khona-ke ungaqala inqubo.
Umhlabathi weMurai
UMuraya uthanda inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi noma ene-acidic kancane. Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kungasetshenziswa ngale ndlela elandelayo: isabelo esisodwa som humus umhlaba, amasheya ama-2 esihlabathi, kanye namasheya ama-2 e-sod nomhlaba wephepha.
Usengasebenzisa umxube ophelile wezithelo zamawolintshi. Khumbula ukufaka amanzi.
Kukhula uMuraya kusuka kwiMbewu
I-Murayu ingasakazeka kalula ngosizo lwembewu. Ngaphambi kokutshala, okuqukethwe kufanele kucwiliswe emanzini acwengekile amahora amaningi, bese kusakazwa ngaphezulu kwengxube ye-peat ngesihlabathi (1: 1), ungasebenzisa futhi amaphilisi we-peat.
Fafaza imbewu phezulu ngebhola le-6-10 mm lomhlabathi bese umboza ngengilazi. Gcina ngaphansi kokukhanya kokukhanyisa endaweni yokushisa esondele ku-25 ° C. Cishe inyanga nesigamu kuzokuhluma imbewu. Lapho izithombo zinamaqabunga ama-3 lilinye, zingantshontshelwa ezitsheni ezihlukile.
Ukusakazwa kukaMuraya ngokusika
Futhi, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kungenziwa kusetshenziswa ukusikwa, kepha le ndlela ayithembeki. Yenza ukusika ekwindla. Sebenzisa lokhu okuncane okuqinile kusuka kusiqu esiphelile.
Amahlumela abekwe emanzini futhi agcinwe emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-30 ° C, kuyilapho enza umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, futhi kuzoba kuhle ukwenza ukufudumeza okuphansi. Ngokwakhiwa kwezimpande, ukusika kutshalwe enhlabathini yezakhi.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
- Ngokuya kwezifo, imuraya imvamisa ihlushwa yi-chlorosis, iziveze ngayo amabala aphuzi futhi ukukhula emuva izitshalo. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, udinga ukulandela, ukuze amanzi ngesikhathi sokunisela kumele abe ngaphandle kwe-chlorine.
- Phakathi kwezinambuzane eziyingozi kukhona ama-aphid, isicabucabu mite, isihlangu esikalini. Imikhaza isusa ama-acaricides. Ama-aphid axoshwa ngesisombululo se-soapy noma sezinambuzane. Isixazululo sensipho noma i-Actara nayo iyasiza ngokuhlikihla.
- Phakathi kwezinye izinkinga, kwenzeka lokho uMuraya akaqhakaze. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kuvela ukuthi imbali incane kakhulu (ngaphandle kokuthi unezinhlobonhlobo ezincane) noma igcwele ebhodweni.
- Uma wakho i-muraya ayikhulisikhona-ke mhlawumbe akanawo umoya. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ikamelo lisha, futhi inhlabathi kayikhekhe, futhi ungqimba lwayo oluphezulu luthathelwe indawo minyaka yonke, ukuze izimpande ziphefumule.
- Kuphuzi nokuwa kwamaqabunga kukhombisa ukulimala kwezimpande ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi okungafanele noma ukungabikho komswakama nakho kungenzeka.
- Ukomiswa kweqabunga okuvame ukubangelwa izinambuzane ezidla ubisi lwesitshalo - kubhalwe ngazo ngenhla.
- Uma muraiya ilahla iziqu noma ayivezi kubo, kungenzeka ukuthi ushisa kakhulu noma awunamanzi omswakama, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi akakakulungeli ukuqhakaza nezithelo. Lapho esekhulile futhi ebutha amandla, uzoyeka ukulahla ama-buds.
