Ukusebenza kokuzala kwezingulube kuncike ekuondleni okufanele kwama-piglets kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kweziyi-6. Ngenyanga yokuqala, amancela akhula aze afike ku-8-10 kg kubisi lwebele. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimbotshana zincela isibeletho futhi kusukela ngolwesihlanu zixhuma izikhala zazo zingene kwi-feeder ngezithasiselo zamaminerali. Ama-piglets akhulile awanele ubisi lukamama, ukondla kuyadingeka.
Izikhathi zokuphakela amazinyane ezingulube
Isikhathi ngasinye sokuncelisa kungenxa yamandla emgudu wokugaya ukudla wengane ukumunca ukudla. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokumunca, i-hydrochloric acid iqala ukukhiqizwa esiswini sezingulube zenyanga kanye nokudla kuyanda. Izikhathi zokukhulisa inzalo zingahlukaniswa ngombandela:
- ubisi;
- ukukhula;
- fattening.
Ukuncelisa ubisi kuthatha izinyanga ezimbili. Kepha ngemuva kwenyanga yobisi, isibeletho asisenele futhi ngalesi sikhathi abaholi bazimisele ngokuthatha ubisi kubantu ababuthakathaka. Ngemuva kwalokho ukuphathwa kwezinkomo kwemihlambi kuthatha ukwakheka. Uma ngokuzayo yonke inzalo iwela endaweni eyodwa, amachwane awabe esalwela phakathi kwawo ebuholini.
Eminyakeni yenyanga eyodwa, amathumbu ama-piglets asencane futhi ukondla ingulube inyanga engu-1 kwenziwa izikhathi ezi-6,7 ngosuku. Kusukela enyangeni yesibili, izinhlamvu zobisi, ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi kungeniswa kwimenyu.
Isikhathi sokukhulisa inzalo sivame ukubhekwa ngemuva kokulunyulwa kwezingulube esibelethweni. Izingulube ezinezinyanga ezimbili zinesisindo esingu-20-25 kg futhi zikulungele ukudla ukudla okwomile, amakhambi nezilimo zezimpande. Ngalesi sikhathi, le ngulube kufanele ingathathi hlangothi uma inzalo yenzelwe inyama. Ukuze ulumeke izingulube, kuqalwa isonto ukunciphisa inani lokudla, ngemuva kokuba isibeletho sesusiwe emagcekeni, amathole ashiywe endaweni yawo evamile kwamanye amasonto ama-2. Esikhathini esisuka ezinyangeni ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4, ama-piglets akhula ngamandla.
Umsebenzi wesikhathi sokuphakelwa kuzoba ukusebenzisa izondla kahle ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uthole inyama eningi. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwezingulube nombuso okhethekile wokuqukethwe nokudla, athola:
- umkhiqizo wenyama;
- ubhekeni
- amanoni.
Ukukhula kwezingulube emapulazini angasese
Ukukhulisa isidumbu ngaphezu kwesenti ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kusuka ku-piglet yenyanga kungokoqobo. Kuyadingeka ukondla ama-piglets kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kweziyi-6 kahle, ukudala izimo zokukhula ngokushesha. Ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukugonywa okufika ngesikhathi kanye nezithasiselo ezikhethekile kufaka isandla ekukhiqizweni kwesilwane. Amaphutha ekunakekeleni ekuqaleni kokuthuthuka kwencela izovimbela inzuzo ethe xaxa. Ukondla izingulube ekhaya kuyazuzisa, njengoba kuhlanganiswa imfucuza yokudla, futhi nezindleko zenyama ziyancishiswa.
Uma izingulube ezikhuluphele zitholakala, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthola izithandani. Izilwane zizizwa zikhululekile eqenjini. Uma ama-piglets athengwa eneminyaka eyodwa yenyanga, khona-ke kufanele abe nesisindo okungenani esingu-8-10 kg. Ukondla izingulube zenyama ekhaya kuqala ngokushintsha kancane kancane kokudla kwabo okujwayelekile. Ungalawula ukuthuthukiswa kwama-piglets, oqondiswa inzuzo yansuku zonke. Okujwayelekile iqoqo lamagremu angama-400-700 ngosuku ama-piglets izinyanga ezi-2,5.
Ukuze uthole ukondleka okufanele, izilwane ezincane kufanele zithole ama-feed ahlukahlukene kanye nezengezo. Izitshalo ezingumsuka zingasetshenziswa zibilisiwe futhi zingavuthiwe. Amazambane aluhlaza akufanele anikezwe ama-piglets. Ungazondla kanjani izingulube zanyanga zonke ekhaya uma kungekho nkomo egcekeni? Imikhiqizo yobisi e-organic ingashintshwa ngokuxutshwa:
- fidolux;
- i-lactose;
- ufulawa wobisi wezingulube;
- i-Whey eyomile, nemikhiqizo efanayo.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi unikeze izingulube utshani, futhi hlobo luni? Kusukela ekuqaleni kokondla, utshani bungumthombo wamavithamini. I-legumes ibhekwa njengehamba phambili. Ezinganeni, utshani buhlala buthululelwa ngamanzi abilayo ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa futhi kulungiselelwe isigaba esincane. Kuze kube yizinyanga ezimbili, izinsana kufanele zithole u-pigment premix. Yile ngxenye ezokhokhela ukungabikho kwensimbi emzimbeni kanye nokuvimbela i-anemia. Kamuva, impilo yengulube izongezwa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-Borka premix.
Ochwepheshe bezilwane baxwayisa ukugoma izimbotshana ezivela kwizikelemu, i-leptospirosis kanye nesishayo egcekeni lasekhaya. Izingulube zithatha kalula izifo ezithathelwanayo, kanti ukugoma kuyindlela yokuzivikela ezifweni ezijwayelekile.
Izimo zemfuyo yokuhweba
Amafutha anciphisayo kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kweziyi-6 emapulazini amakhulu ahlukaniswa ngamasu akhethekile. Umgomo ukuthola inzuzo enkulu ngokusebenzisa izithako zokuphakelayo ezilinganiselwe zakamuva. Ukuze unciphise isikhathi sokutholwa kwemikhiqizo ongathengiswa ngayo, asetshenziselwa izithasiselo. Ukudla okwenzelwe ama-piglets kufaka phakathi amavithamini wokukhula, ama-primexes.
Lapha, kusetshenziswa imvubelo yokugqoka, evusa isifiso sezilwane, okusho ukuzuza isisindo ngokushesha. Kuku amapulazi amakhulu asebenzisa indlela eyomile yokukhulisa imfuyo, njengokuchitha isikhathi esincane. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-4, ama-piglets aphekelwa ngokuqinile ngenzuzo yama-650-700 amagremu ngosuku. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, ingulube isithola isisindo esiphilayo. Kubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwengulube ukuvimba ukufinyela kwezilwane, ukuzinika izindawo zokuhamba nokuvikela ukufa kwabantu esiteji esingafika ezinyangeni ezi-4.
Umsoco ofanele wezingulube lapho ukhuluphele
Ukudla okulinganiselayo kufaka amaqembu okuphakelayo:
- amaprotheni
- amafutha
- ama-carbohydrate;
- amavithamini kanye namaminerali.
Amaprotheni ayinto yokwakha umzimba, etholakala emizimbeni, okusanhlamvu nasemfuyweni wokudla. Ubisi futhi kungukudla kwamaprotheni.
Ama-carbohydrate aqukethe ezitshalweni zezimpande kanye nokudla okuluhlaza. Bangumthombo wamandla. Izilwane zithola amavithamini kanye namaminerali ngendlela yemvelo noma kwezinye izithasiselo ezikhethekile, ama-premixes. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-primexes kulondolozela kuze kufinyelele ku-15% wokuphakelwa ngenxa yokufakelwa okungcono.
Lapho izingulube ezikhuluphayo, izengezo ezahlukahlukene ezisebenzisa izinqubo ze-metabolic ziyasetshenziswa:
- i-amylosubtilin GZH - isidakamizwa esiguqulwa ngamanzi esishukumisa ukuzuza kwesisindo;
- i-etonium - ithuthukisa ukunambitheka kwenyama, ikhuphula isivuno sayo, isindisa ukudla ngo-7%;
- ushukela glucose - kwandisa isifiso sokudla kwezingulube futhi kuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwenyama.
Kusetshenziswe izithasiselo eziningi futhi zinikezwa, into esemqoka ukukhetha isengezo esifanelekile sokondliwa futhi ungeqi izimiso ezinconyiwe.
Kubalulekile ukuthi izingulube zikwazi ukufinyelela njalo emanzini. Ngesikhathi sokuphakelwa, isidingo samanzi singamalitha angama-6-8 ngosuku.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezingulube kwezebhizinisi ibhizinisi elinenzuzo elingaphansi kwenhlala kahle yezilwane.
