Ukutshala okufanele nokunakekela i-quince yaseJapan emadolobheni angaphansi

I-quince yaseJapan isihlahlana esivela kuhlobo lweGenelos lomndeni weRosaceae. Ekuqaleni, lesi sitshalo sikhula emazweni asempumalanga ye-Asia. Lolu hlobo lwe-quince luhle kakhulu, ngenxa yokubukeka kwalo kokuhlobisa, i-quince yaseJapan isasakazekele emazweni omhlaba wonke, kufaka phakathi nokutshala eSifundeni SaseMoscow kungenzeka ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Kungenzeka yini ukutshala i-quince yaseJapan emadolobheni angaphansi komhlaba?

Yize lesi sihlahla esifushane size ezweni lethu sivela eMpumalanga, kodwa ingangena ngokuphelele kumzila ophakathi nendawo yezwe lethu, kanye nasezindaweni ezingaphansi kanye nasezifundeni eziseduze kwayo.

Abahwebi benza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokuthuthukisa izinhlobo zalesi sihlahla esinganikeza isivuno esihle, wayengeke abe ameva kumahlumela.

Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-480 ze-quince zaseJapan emhlabeni, kepha iningi lalezi zinhlobo alizukubandelwa yiqhwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ezweni lethu, lezi zinhlobonhlobo azitshalwa.

Kepha noma kunjalo kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezikwazi ukubekezelela iqhwa ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo nemibandela yesifunda saseMoscow. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubiza isihlahla ngokuthi i-quince yaseJapan, empeleni, abathengi babhekene nezinhlobo ezine ezihluke ngokuphelele zesihlahla sokwenza izithelo.

Incazelo yeShrub

Kuyinto i-quince yaseJapan eyiGenomeles yaseJapan.

Amabhasi ukuphakama angafinyelela 2,5 - 3 amamitha. Ukutshala kwemibala kuguqula umbala ngeminyaka yobudala: izihlahla ezincane zinomthi wethusi wamahlamvu, kodwa uma umuthi umdala, iba ngamagqabi aluhlaza.

Izimbali ze-Quince zikhulu (cishe ngo-4,5 kuya ku-5 cm), ngombala obomvu, ezimweni zeSifunda saseMosesi zivele amahlumela ngaphambili kwamahlamvu. Imininingwane elandelayo ethokozisayo kufanele iphawulwe: efihlekile qala ukuqhakaza ngokungalingani, futhi ukuqhakaza kuqhakaza isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga.

Amahlumela okuqala avela eHenomeles eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaMeyi. Izithelo ze-shrub ziyavuthwa, umbala wazo uphuzi, uqhakazile, izithelo ezivuthiwe ngobubanzi zifinyelela ku-5.5 - 6 cm.

Yile nhlobonhlobo ehloselwe ukulinyelwa ezimweni zezulu zesifunda saseMoscow, kanye naseSiberia eseNtshonalanga kanye naseMpumalanga, ngoba imelana kakhulu nesithwathwa.

Ama-Shrub amahlumela awambozi, noma ngabe i-thermometer yehlela kuwo -28 -30 degrees. Kuliqiniso, izinso ezingaphezulu zingahlaselwa umkhuhlane onjalo, kepha i-quince uqobo lwayo ngeke ihlupheke ngokujwayelekile.

Amahlumela walesi shrub khula kancane, ngesizini bangakhula ngo-4 - 5 cm. Amabhasi asakazwa ngenzalo yezimpande, imbewu, izingqimba noma ukusikwa.

Ekubunjweni komhlaba, izifunda zaseJapan zisetshenziswa njengezithako, zisetshenziselwa nokutshala okukodwa noma kweqembu.

Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zalesi shrub yiPapel, Gaillardi, Malardi, Cameo.

Ukufakelwa

Tshala nini emhlabathini ovulekile?

Izithombo zalesi shrub zivame ukutshalwa entwasahlobo. Lapho umhlaba uyafudumala kumazinga okushisa angama-14-16 degrees (ezimweni zesifunda saseMoscow - ngemuva kweshumi lesithathu lika-Ephreli), kungenzeka ukutshala izithombo ezingxenyeni ezilungiselelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Imithetho yokufakelwa

Abalimi abaqala bavame ukutshala izitshalo ezingajwayelekile nezihlahlana esizeni, bengabuzi ukuthi bazitshalwe kanjani nokuthi bazinakekela kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, lezi zitshalo azikhuli kahle, zenqaba ukuthela izithelo nokuqhakaza, futhi abalimi bazama ukuqonda ukuthi kungani izitshalo ziba buthaka.

I-Japanese bush quince, yize ingenakuzithoba, kepha isadinga indlela ekhethekile yokutshala evulekile neminye imisebenzi yezolimo eminyakeni elandelayo yokutshala.

Lesi sitshalo kulula ukusabalalisa, ngakho-ke, lapho izihlahla zokuqala ezitshaliwe zikhula, amaHenomeles amanye azotshalwa kalula kuyo yonke indawo, uma abanikazi bafuna.

Izimpande ze-Quince ziyakhula, ngakho-ke ukufakelwa ngokuzayo akufiseleki

Ulandela kuqala khetha indawolapho i-quince izokhula khona. Izimpande ze-Quince zibaluleke kakhulu futhi kancane kancane ziyajula emhlabathini. Ngalesi sizathu, ukufaka indawo yokubhukuda akufaneleki.

Indawo yokuhlala kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo ezilandelayo:

• ukukhanyiswa kahle;
• kuvikelwe emipheni yemimoya ebandayo;
• umhlabathi ungaba yinoma yini, kuphela umanyolo we-peat kanye ne-quince ngokusekelwe kuwo awunakuma;
• i-acidity yenhlabathi - ngaphansi kwe-6 pH.

Imiphumela yokufika kweGenomeles idinga ukumba kude 1.5 m ngokwahlukana. Kepha umuntu kufanele futhi acabangele ukuthi ivolumu yomqhele walezi zihlahla izoba yini - uma likhulu, izithombo zazo ezinkulu kufanele zitshalwe kude.

Inhlabathi

Inhlabathi yokutshala imvamisa kuphekwe ekwindla. Konke ukhula kufanele kususwe esizeni, izingxenye ezilandelayo kufanele zisatshalaliswe (okujwayelekile kunikezwa umuntu ngamunye ngo-1 m2): 1 ingxenye yesihlabathi, 10 kg we-humus, 2 tbsp. wezipuni zomanyolo we-phosphate. Umanyolo usakazeke kuyo yonke indawo ungqimba. Bese usebenzise ukumba ekwindla kwendawo.

Uma i-acidity esakhiweni iphezulu kakhulu, khona-ke kulezi zingxenye ezingenhla ezingeniswa emhlabathini, kufanele ungeze iphawundi likalamula othambile noma inani elifanayo lefulawa yelimu.

Ukukhetha izithombo

Ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo, sebenzisa izithombo ze-quince zabantu abadala

Ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo, kungcono ukuthatha izithombo ezivuthiwe kahle (ngaphezulu kweminyaka engu-1.5 ubudala). Imvamisa izitshalo ezincane zithengiswa ngohlelo lwezimpande oluvaliwe, ngakho-ke lapho ukutshala uhlelo lwazo lwezimpande kungonakali, futhi i-quince yaseJapan ngokushesha iba nezimpande endaweni entsha.

Ubukhulu bomgodi wokufika kufanele bube ngale ndlela elandelayo: ekwi-radius 25 cm, nasekujuleni - 80 cm.

Ukufakelwa

Inqubo yokufika ngokulandelayo:

1. Okokuqala emgodini wokufika lala ingxube yezakhi, enamakhilogremu ayi-10 we-humus, 500 g we-ash ne-300 g yomanyolo we-phosphate.
2. Ingxube ephezulu imbozwe ungqimba lomhlaba (7-8 cm cm).
3. Isithombo sifakwa ngokucophelela emgodini ukuze intamo yezimpande isezingeni lomhlaba.
4. Bese ugcwalisa umgodi ngenhlabathi emazingeni aphansi.
5. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye, kufanele kufakwe amalitha ayi-10 amanzi.

Ukunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo

Ngemuva kwentwasahlobo khulula Quince amahlumela kusuka yokukhosela. Ezikhathini zokuqala ezimbili, isihlahla asidingi umanyolo owengeziwe, kepha ngonyaka wesithathu, izipuni eziyi-1.5 zomanyolo we-ammonia kufanele zifakwe ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye.

Futhi, kuze kube ukuqhakaza kuqala ukuqhakaza amahlumela, izihlahla ziyathenwa - zisusa wonke amagatsha asebusika ngenxa yobusika, kanye nawomile noma aphukile.

Amabhasi cishe azonakaliswa yizilokazane futhi azihlushwa izifo, ngakho-ke, ukufafaza okuvimbayo kwama-amahlumela ngokuvamile akwenziwa.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Autumn

Ekwindla, ngemuva kokuvuna, umanyolo we-phosphate kufanele usetshenziselwe i-quince ngayinye. Futhi nquma i-shrubbery, uma kunesidingo.

Ezimweni zesifunda saseMoscow, izihlahla ze-quince zabantu abadala azivamelani ubusika, kepha izithombo ezincane kufanele zinakekelwe - eminyakeni yokuqala ngemuva kokutshala ekwindla sekwedlule, izihlahla zimbozwe ngamagatsha aqhakaza imbozwe ngebhokisi lokhuni noma lepulasitiki ngaphezulu. Okuphezulu kungambozwa ngamahlamvu noma sawdust.

Ukulungisa okulungile

Inqubo Yokunquma YaseJapan

Kwakha izihlahla AmaGenomeles aqala ukwenziwa kusukela isizini yesine, ngoba kuphela kuleli minyaka amahlumela ezihlahleni aqala ukuvela. Sika amahlumela akhula ngaphakathi kwesihlahla, amahlumela ngokweqile akhula kusuka ezimpandeni, eshiya minyaka yonke ingabi ngaphezu kweziqu ezintathu. Iziqu ezikhula emhlabathini nazo ziyathenwa.

Ukuthenwa kokuguga kwe-quince kuqala ukwenziwa ezihlahleni, okungenani ezineminyaka engu-8 - 9 ubudala.

Susa wonke amagatsha abuthakathaka futhi athambile, ushiye esihlahleni akusekho ngaphezu kwe-10 amahlumela. Ngenqubo yokuthena, amagatsha amancane kufanele (asele iminyaka emi-4) kufanele ashiywe; amahlumela amadala kufanele asuswe.

I-quince yaseJapan isihlahla esihle somhlobiso, esinikeza nezithelo ezihlwabusayo nezinempilo. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ingakhula endaweni eyodwa kuze kube yiminyaka engama-35 - 40, ijabulisa izimbali zayo nezimbali ezinhle.