Enye inkathazo okufanele ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe yi-mealybug. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi akuyona ingozi ikakhulukazi. AmaMebubugs ayakwazi ukulimaza zombili ezindlini zokugcina izithombo nasemakamelweni ngisho nasendaweni evulekile ngokuncela ubisi oluvela ezitshalweni, azicindezele, anikele ekulahlekelweni kwazo ukubukeka, ukuthela, nokuncipha kokuzivikela komzimba. Konke lokhu kungaholela ekunqotshweni kwalezi zitshalo ezinye izifo nezinye izinambuzane. Sizoxoxa ngezindlela zokuvimbela nokulawula i-mealybug esihlokweni.
I-Mealybug.
Ungumuntu onjani we-mealybug?
I-mealybug ingaqala ukuncela ukuphuma kweseli kusuka ezitshalweni zezimbali, izitshalo zezithelo, kanye nezitshalo zesimo sobuchwepheshe kanye nalezo ezikhula emagumbini okugcina izithombo. Imvamisa, ukuba ne-greenhouse noma i-greenhouse kusayithi lakho kuncishwe lesi sinambuzane, ukuthenga izinto zokutshala ezintsha, ngokwakho, ngaphandle kokukuqaphela, ungaletha inkathazo esakhiweni sakho futhi ukusulelele ngenhlabathi nezitshalo. Uma unikezwe konke lokhu, ukulwa ne-mealybug kuyadingeka futhi kungekudala kube ngcono.
I-mealybug, evela kwi-English Mealybug noma i-Latin Pseudococcidae, ayilimazi kangako izitshalo, ayifani ne-silg enqunu idla izingxenye zeqabunga, noma njengesihlahla esinamakhowe esihlanza amagumbi embewu, kodwa sithelela kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo, kusuka kuzithelo kuya kusiqu namaqabunga amaqabunga, futhi ngisho nezimbali ezinamaqanda.
Isenzo sonke se-mealybug siyi-corny futhi siqukethe ukuncela (kwesinye isikhathi ngamanani abalulekile) ujusi onikeza impilo kusuka ezitshalweni, ngenkathi kuhlukaniswa imiphumela yomsebenzi wayo obalulekile ngesimo samakhekhe amnandi, anoshukela, okuthi, njengokumbila kwe-aphid, athanda kakhulu izintuthwane futhi, futhi. , kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-aphid, isikhunta sotshani esonakalisa ukubukeka kwesitshalo sihlala ngenkuthalo.
Lesi sinambuzane sinegama laso elihehayo elithi "mealybug" ngoba, lisesiswini sokuvuvukala, futhi lapho sesikhulile, umzimba we-mealybug umbozwe ngohlazo olucwengekile, olunjengofulawa we-waxy, kanye nezinwele ezibonakalayo.
Izici zokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-mealybug
Kuvela ukuthi ukwanda okukhulu kwalesi sinambuzane kufaka isandla ekunyukeni kokushisa komoya okwesikhathi esithile sonyaka, kanye nemithamo eyeqile yomanyolo ahlukahlukene enhlabathini, kufaka nenani elikhulu lomanyolo we-nitrogen, okuholela ekunciphiseni jikelele komzimba wesitshalo, okuwukuthi ukwehla kokungazinzi komzimba wayo.
Bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuthi emhlabathini ovulekile futhi ongavikelekile kwisizini eyodwa, kuze kube yizizukulwane ezimbili zabantu abathile balesi silokazane abakwazi ukuqhuma phakathi nenkathi yentwasahlobo kanye nehlobo. Emhlabathini ovaliwe, okungukuthi, emagumbini okugcina izithombo, ezindaweni ezishisayo nokunye, kungavela abantu abengeziwe, lokhu kuyasebenza nasezindaweni ezivalekile lapho kutshalwa khona izilimo zezimbali.
Udinga ukwazi ukuthi yi-mealybug eyodwa kuphela yabesifazane ekwazi ukubeka amaqanda angamakhulu ayisithupha ngesizini, okuyinto, uyabona, akuyona into encane. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda esikhwameni esikhethekile, lapho izakha khona lapho isuka emisebeni efana ne-wax. Izibungu ezihlafunwayo zihlala zilungile futhi ziyiselula, abanye abalimi nabalimi ngamahlaya bababiza ngokuthi “ama-vagabond” ngoba empeleni abahlali.
Ngokushesha lapho lezi zibungu zizulazula ezifanayo, zihamba njalo, zihlangana nento efanelekile imisebenzi yazo ebalulekile engasetshenziswa kalula ngezinjongo zokudla, ngokushesha ziqala ukuyisebenzisela ukudla. I-mealybug izoshintsha indawo yayo yokudla kuphela ngemuva kokuncibilika okudingekayo ngokwezinto eziphilayo, noma kuphela lapho kunesidingo esiphuthumayo sayo, yithi, ukudla kuyaphela kule ndawo noma inani elikhulu labancintisanayo livela eduze futhi umzabalazo olula wokuhlala ndawonye uqala.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukubeka amaqanda, insikazi ye-mealybug ikhetha indawo yalesi sikhathi eside, inikeze indawo yondlekile futhi ephephe kakhulu. Okokuqala, kuyakhangwa ukulimala kwemishini okwahlukahlukene: amagxolo aqabayo, izindawo ezibolile zezitshalo, imifantu ehlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, noma yiziphi izindawo lapho kunendawo emfushane noma ende enomswakama efudumele, efanelekayo ukuzalwa kwazo.
Ukuzalela kulezi zimo, ama-mealybugs alimaza inani elikhulu lezitshalo, zombili emhlabathini ovulekile nawuvikelwe (izithombo zokugcina izithombo, izithombo zokugcina izithombo, njll.). Siphinda futhi - ukuze singalethi i-mealybug esizeni sakho, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola okutshalekile, futhi empeleni, okokuqala utshala lezi zitshalo ezingxenyeni ezincane zensimu, wakhe izitshalo ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-quarantine ukuze uzihlole.
Amaqabunga e-Agave athinteka yi-mealybug.
Ukulimala kweMealybug
Empeleni kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula kwayo, ama-mealybugs feed, futhi ngenkuthalo, ekuvinjelweni kwezitshalo, ngandlela thile okuthinta noma kulimaza amahlumela amasha, amaqabunga amancanyana, ukuqhakaza imbali, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile - amahlumela wamathambo nokukhula konyaka engadini.
Lapho kukhona isibalo esikhulu sezibungu esihlahleni esisodwa sezithelo, umsebenzi wazo obalulekile ungadala ukuthi isiqu samakha asemathanjeni aqale ukuqhekeka, izilonda zizokwakha, bese kuthi kuvele amabala aphuzi emaphepheni amaqabunga, athi kamuva akhule kancane futhi abangele amabala eqabunga. phuzi ophuzi.
Ngokwemvelo, umsebenzi obaluleke kangaka we-mealybug awunakunqotshwa: izitshalo ezithintekayo zilahlekelwa kakhulu kokuhlobisa kwazo, zivinjelwe ukukhula nokukhula, ziyeke ukuqhakaza noma zingase zingabikho nhlobo, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezithelo futhi, eqinisweni, ukuqhuma, futhi uma izitshalo zishiywa zingalashwa, ngokuqinisekile zizoshabalala.
Amagwababa adla okungaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho akudingayo. Konke ukudla okweqile abakudlayo ngaphandle kwesilinganiso, bakhipha i-banally, bedlulisa ngokwabo, ngendlela yamazolo oju. Ukhunta we-sooty uhlala ngokushesha kulawa makati bese uqala ukukhula lapho. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingaphezulu lezitshalo lapho kuhlala khona isikhunta, liqala ukuba mnyama bese licishe libe mnyama. Ngabe lokhu kusongela kuphi izitshalo, ngaphezu kokubukeka okungekuhle: kukhona ukwehla okukhulu kanye nokuvinjwa kwezinqubo zezinto ezenzeka ezitshalweni, ukuphefumula kwazo kuya ngokuba kubi.
Kepha lokhu akupheleli lapho, i-mealybug ikhipha amazolo amnandi oju, futhi izintuthwane, kanye nesiphunga esimnandi sama-aphid, zigijime ziye kuwo zivela nxazonke zezintuthwane zimelane nesinambuzane esiphilayo esingadla i-mealybug. Kunezimo ezivame lapho izintuthwane zize zidonsele amaqanda ama-mealybugs zisuka endaweni ethile ziye kwenye ukuze zingabhujiswa.
Kuyiqiniso, i-mealybug ithanda zonke izitshalo zokuhlobisa ngokunembile, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinesisindo semvelo esikhulu kakhulu, okusho ukuthi, ngokweqile zigcwala i-nitrogen, buthaka, nokungatheleleki komzimba. Futhi akunandaba ukuthi basendaweni evulekile noma evikelekile (izithombo zokugcina izithombo, indawo eshisayo, njll.). Kodwa-ke, esivandeni esivamile, inkathazo kwesinye isikhathi iyanda.
Izintuthwane zingabavikeli bama-mealybugs.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngokumelene ne-mealybug
Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna i-mealybug ukuthi ingangeni esizeni sakho ngaphambi kokuthenga isithombo esincane, ihlole ngokucophelela uma inezindawo ezibuhlungu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kokuthenga, lesi sitshalo kufanele sabekwa eceleni, okungukuthi, sibeke endaweni ethile kude futhi sisigcine. Imvamisa, uma isitshalo singenwe yileso sikhathi, abesilisa balesi sinambuzane bangase basondele eduze kwayo, bayohamba ngokukhululekile esizeni futhi bahlolisise amahlumela namaqabunga amaqabunga.
Phakathi kokusebenza kangcono kunokuhlola okulula, izindlela zokuvimbela zifaka ukuhlelwa kwesishizi esifudumele esenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile (ukunisela ngeqondo lokushisa elingama-degrees angu-30) kanye nokuvuvukala ngamanzi ngokushisa kwama-degrees angama-50 amafasitela endaweni ebamba ukushisa engadini.
Ngokwemvelo, akufanele sikhohlwe ngokususwa kwezingxenye ezomile nezonakalisiwe zezitshalo ngasizathu simbe. Uma uqaphela izitshalo ezonakaliswa ngezikhathi ezithile yi-mealybug, ungakususa ngama-tweezers ajwayelekile noma uzixubhe kunoma yisiphi isitsha esine-brashi enzima. Izitshalo, ngokwemvelo yazo ezinobuchopho obumanyene kunalokho, ngaphandle kokufaka i-wax, kumele ziphathwe kanjena: ibhulashi elalivele lamunyiswa ngophalafini, lithela otshwala noma isixazululo sensipho esivamile imizuzwana embalwa bese usula zonke izingxenye eziluhlaza zesitshalo ngale brashi.
Isilinganiso sesibili sokulawula ngokumelene ne-mealybug ukubhujiswa kwe-anthill etholakala lapho. Amagquma ezintuthwane angabhujiswa ngezindlela ezintathu - uthele ngawo ngamanzi abilayo, okungekho nhlobo ukuthambeka, sebenzisa ama-insecticides, okuthi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, nawo angalimaza imvelo, futhi umane uqoqe zonke izintuthwane esikhwameni sepulasitiki esiminyene bese uzihambisa kude nesiza, futhi yikhulule lapho (indlela enobuntu obuningi).
Izicupho ezivame ukunamathela zisiza ukubhekana ne-mealybug. Uma kucatshangelwa isici semvelo sabesilisa besilisa abasebenza nge-mealybug ukuze bangene ekukhanyeni ebusuku, konke okudingeka kwenziwe ukulungisa imichilo enamathelayo eduze komthombo wokukhanya bese uyishiya ubusuku bonke. Abesilisa banamathela kule michilo, kufanele uvuselele la ma-strips ngezikhathi ezithile.
Folk remedies for mealybug
Sikhulume ngamakhambi athile athandwayo, futhi sizokwengeza amanye ambalwa. Isibonelo, isixazululo sensipho yokuwasha iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulawula i-mealybug. Ngalezi zinhloso, ungasebenzisa i-18-20 g yesepha le-antibacterial, noma ingxenye yesepha yokuwasha bese uyifaka yonke ilitha lamanzi. Isixazululo esikhona kufanele sivunyelwe ukusifaka usuku lonke, bese silifaka kabili bese siphatha izitshalo ezithinteke yi-mealybug, ngokuphumula kanye kwezinsuku eziyi-8-9.
Enye inketho yemithi yemvelo: udinga ukuthatha i-150 g yamahashe owomile bese uthela amalitha ayi-1.5 wamanzi abilayo, bese uletha kumazinga okushisa egumbi futhi, ngaphandle kokuhlanza, ungaqala ukwelapha izitshalo ezithintekile.
Inketho enhle kakhulu ingxube yelitha lamanzi kanye nezipuni ezimbalwa zamafutha omnqumo, ungafafaza izitshalo ngqo ngalesi sixazululo.
Labo abasebenzise le ndlela elandelayo bakhuluma kahle ngayo: kuyadingeka ukuthatha isixazululo sechipsi, kugaya cishe u-10 g wesepha ku-grater, bese uyithululela ngenani elincane lamanzi (amalitha ayi-0.5) afudunyezwe ukufudumeza kwegumbi, uxube kahle bese ufaka okuningi amanzi okuthola ilitha lesisombululo futhi lokushisa kwasekamelweni. Kusele ukufaka i-20 ml yotshwala noma, okungcono kakhulu, i-vodka bese uxuba konke kahle.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa, udinga ukumboza ngokucophelela inhlabathi ngendwangu engamboziwe ukuze isisombululo singangeni emhlabathini. Ukwelashwa kwezitshalo kungenziwa njalo ngosuku oluthile, bese kuba kuhle ukunisela izitshalo ngokufafaza futhi emva kwalapho ususe izinto zokumboza ezingezona ezilukiwe. Lokhu kwelashwa komphumela osezingeni eliphezulu kungenziwa kanye ngesonto.
Futhi enye indlela esheshayo nelungile yokubhekana ne-mealybug: udinga ukuthatha amakhethini ayisithupha noma ayisikhombisa egalikhi elishisayo usike kahle noma ulichithe, bese uthelela uginindela olungamalitha ayi-0,5 wamanzi abilayo awuyeke ubeke esitsheni esivaliwe amahora angama-3-5 . Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, ukumnika kudinga ukuhlungwa nge-gauze futhi kusetshenziselwe ukwelapha izitshalo ezinegciwane le-mealybug.
Ukutshala okufudumele kuyindlela enhle yokuvimbela i-mealybug.
Silwa ne-mealybug ngosizo lwamakhemikhali
Uma ukusindisa amakhambi abantu kungasizi, khona-ke ungathatha ngokuphepha amakhemikhali, yeha, ayikho enye indlela. Umphumela omkhulu wokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ungabonakala ngesikhathi lapho inkathazo isencane kakhulu, lapho umzimba wayo ungamboziwe nge-wax evikelayo.
Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke into elula kakhulu: ngasikhathi sinye, kwisitshalo esifanayo, ungabona ama-mealybugs ngezigaba ezihlukile ngokuphelele zokukhula kwabo. Kulokhu, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane hhayi kanye, kepha amahlandla amathathu noma amane ngokuphumula kwamasonto ambalwa, noma izinsuku eziyishumi, uma ukutheleleka kubi kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo samakhemikhali, hlola izitshalo futhi: ngokwesibonelo, uma kunamakholoni ambalwa, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi uzisuse ngokumisa amahlumela anegciwane kanye nesikhafu kanye namakholoni noma ngokuwahlanza nge -brashi yamazinyo ene-villi emnyama, kepha uma kunezindawo eziningi, khona-ke ngeke lisuse.
Ngokuvamile kuyaqondakala ukuthi kukhona inzalo futhi iyachuma lapho ithola isidumbu sowesifazane we-mealybug, okusho ukuthi inzalo kungenzeka ukuthi isendaweni ethile eduzane. Isizukulwane sokuqala se-mealybug sisebenza kakhulu emahoreni okuqala angama-25-30, lesi isikhathi esifanele sokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ngesenzo sokuxhumana, kepha akuvamile ukuba sinqume ngokunembile isikhathi.
Izinambuzane ezikhulayo ngesembozo se-wax evikelekile, ngalesi sikhathi ukondla ngentshiseko futhi kunzima ukuziqothula. Kulokhu, kufaneleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezihlelekile ezingena ngqo ohlelweni lwezinsizwa lomuntu, ngokwesibonelo, uFufanon, udokotela, uNovaktion, uKemifos, uTagore, uDanadim, Isazi nabanye. Ngomthelela omkhulu, asincomi ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezifanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi, kungcono ukuzishintsha njalo ngonyaka.
Yilokho kuphela esifuna ukukutshela ngakho nge-mealybug engadini. Uma unezindlela zakho zokubhekana nalesi sinambuzane, sizothokoza uma uhlanganyela nabo kumazwana akulo mbhalo.
