Imithetho yegolide yokukhula kwe-bonsai yangaphakathi

I-Bonsai ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi nje izitshalo zasendlini noma engadini. Lezi yizinto zobuciko, imidwebo ephilayo, ukufakwa kwengqondo yefilosofi engalingani ngamazinga afanayo nezitshalo ezejwayelekile kanye namasiko ahlanganayo angajwayelekile. Indlela ekhethekile kufanele kube ukukhulisa i-bonsai. Ngemuva kwakho konke, lezi zitshalo zidinga ukwelashwa okungeyona ejwayelekile ngokuphelele. Abagcini nje ngefilosofi yokuqamba, kepha futhi badinga ukuzinikezela nokuthula okuvela kumakhosi abo. Ukunakekela i-bonsai akulula, kepha injabulo ibaluleke kakhulu.

Bonsai

I-Bonsai - izitshalo akuzona ezawo wonke umuntu. Bathola ifilosofi entsha phambi kwamakhosi abo futhi bavumbulula umnyombo wokubukwa komhlaba wasendaweni, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - basenza sibheke okusha ngokuxhumana nezilwane zasendle kanye nobudlelwano bezitshalo zabantu. Ukuthenga i-bonsai, awudingi ukunquma kuphela, kepha ukukala konke okuhle nokubi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngeke balingane nalabo balimi abavame ukuhamba futhi bathande ukunakekelwa okulula. AmaBonsai adinga ukubhekwana nawo njalo, kwesinye isikhathi ukuthola ukunakekelwa okufanele kufanele ufune indlela yokudala, futhi ezinye izinqubo zichazwe kakhulu. With isilwane esinjalo kuyodingeka ashiye rush kanye fuss. Futhi lapho bethi nge-bonsai udinga ukukhula ngokomoya ngokwakho, ungaqangi. Kodwa uma ngabe wethulwa kuwe i-bonsai encane, noma uma uvumela ukunqotshwa isikhashana futhi waba ngumnikazi wayo cishe ngengozi, ngokunokwenzeka izitshalo zizokuvulela izwe elisha lonke futhi zikwenze uzithande ngayo yonke inhliziyo yakho naphakade.

I-Bonsai ingubuciko bokuthi ingagcini ikhophi encane yemvelo, isebenzisa amasiko asendulo eminyaka ekwakhekeni okukhethekile kwezihlahla nasezihlahleni, kodwa futhi nobuciko obukhethekile bokunakekela izitshalo. Ukuphatha i-bonsai ngendlela efanayo nanoma yisiphi esinye isitshalo esingaphakathi endlini akunakwenzeka. Ngeke nje uphumelele, kepha uzokwenza iminyaka eminingi yokusebenza ngesikhalazo sakho sendabuko kuye. AmaBonsai ahluke phakathi kwabo ekubhekaneni nenkimbinkimbi yokunakekelwa okudingekayo futhi empeleni badinga indlela yomuntu ngamunye engaphansi kwesinye isiko elingaphakathi. Kodwa ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukunakekelwa kuyiyona nto kuphela ukulinyelwa kwe-bonsai okufana ngayo nezimbali ezijwayelekile zasendlini.

Ezingakhethi kakhulu futhi ezilula ukuzikhulisa zibhekwa njenge-bonsai evela emithini yomnqumo ne-testudinaria. Ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi uma ungatshala izitshalo emakamelweni okuhlala ajwayelekile kuzodinga umuthi wetiye ne-elm. Ezinye izitshalo - i-carmona, i-euonymus, i-podocarpus, i-ficus, i-ligustrum, njll - zidinga indawo yokuphoqelelwa emoyeni omusha ngenkathi efudumele.

Lapho uthenga i-bonsai, lungela iqiniso lokuthi kufanele ufunde okuningi. Inqubo eminingi yokunakekela idinga amakhono akhethekile, ukuqeqeshwa, ukulalela izwi langaphakathi. Nge-bonsai udinga ukwethemba umuzwa - futhi utadishe umhlaba wobuciko obumangalisayo njalo. Uma ufuna ukuphumelela, uvame ukuzibandakanya nokuzilolonga, hamba amakilasi amakhulu, unganqikazi ukubuza ochwepheshe.

Bonsai

Izimo ezithandekayo nesidingo somoya omusha

Singakhuluma kuphela ngemibandela ethile evumelana nawo wonke ama-bonsai. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uhlobo ngalunye lwesihlahla kanye nesihlahla somhluzi esisetshenziselwa ukudala i-bonsai kancane sigcina okuthandayo. Okukhululekile kakhulu kule misebenzi yokuphila yobuciko isilinganiso, izinga lokushisa elivinjelwe lika-18 kuya ku-25 degrees Celsius esigabeni esisebenzayo sokukhula. Cishe wonke ama-bonsai adinga ukulungiswa okupholile ebusika. Uma ugcina izinga lokushisa lasekamelweni elijwayelekile futhi ungangehli inani labo okungenani ngama-degree ama-2-3, ukuncishiswa kokukhanya kuzoholela ezinkingeni ngempilo yabo. Izinga lokushisa elincane lilinganiselwe kumadigri ayi-10 ama-conifers kanye nama-degrees ayi-12 kwezinye izinhlobo ze-bonsai.

Ukukhanyisela lezi zitshalo kukhethwe kuphela. Iningi le-bonsai lizizwa likhulu ekukhanyisweni okukhanyayo okungafani, kepha ikhono lokukhula endaweni enelanga noma emthunzini oyingxenye likufanele ukubheka isitshalo ngasinye ngokwahlukana. Ebusika, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-bonsai ngeke lunikeze ukukhanyiswa okukhanyayo, futhi uma unxephezela izimo zezici zesikhathi sonyaka, ungafinyelela imiphumela emangalisayo.

Phakathi kwe-bonsai kunezinhlobo eziningi ezithengisa ikakhulukazi njengezitshalo zasendlini ezingaphakathi. Kepha noma kunjalo, iningi lalezi zinto eziphilayo zobuciko zithanda umoya omusha futhi zincane kakhulu endlini. Izitshalo ezinobuhlakani nezimbiza ngesizini efudumele kuphela ngokubonga ziyophendula ngendawo yokuhlala kuvulandi, ithala noma endaweni yokuzijabulisa - lapho zingakwazi "ukuphefumula ngokwanele". Lapho uthenga i-bonsai, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka ukuthi isitshalo sisetshenziselwa irejimeni lehlobo nokuthi sihlobana kanjani ne-airing and okusalungiswa. Kepha kuma-bonsai amaningi, usadinga ukukhetha izindawo ezivikelwe kanye nezimo ezizinzile.

Ukunisela nomswakama

Iningi elikhulu lezinkuni ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-bonsai linaka umswakama womoya. Kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukugcina ukuheha amafomu kanye nokuluhlaza okuhlaza kulezi zitshalo ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zokwandisa umswakama womoya. Ukufakwa kwamadivaysi okokukhulisa umswakama akhethekile, kepha ungangezela umswakama womoya ngokubeka amapuleti wamanzi kanye nokufafaza (ukubekezelela okwedlule kumele kuhlolwe uhlobo ngalunye lwesitshalo ngokuhlukile).

Ukunisela i-bonsai kudinga umzamo omkhulu kakhulu kunowezitshalo ezijwayelekile. Ukwakheka okuyisicaba kweziqukathi kunquma isheduli yezinqubo ezivame kakhulu. Azikho izidingo ezijwayelekile zokunisela kanye nokuvama kwazo ezitshalweni ze-bonsai, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ngomthetho owodwa: ukomiswa kwezimpande ze-bonsai akumele kuvunyelwe. Isomiso siyabulala kulezi zitshalo ezibalulekile. Kodwa i-acid acidization nayo ayemukeleki. Ukukhanya okuqinile noma umswakama ophakathi - lezi yizimo lapho iningi le-bonsai lizozizwa likhululekile. Ukuchelela kuyancishiswa ngenkathi ebandayo (okwe-bonsai e-deciduous, kuyancitshiswa, futhi kuma-evergreens, umswakama ongaphansi uyanqanyulwa), ngenkathi kuvinjelwa futhi i-substrate ukuthi ingomile ngokuphelele.

I-Bonsai iniselwa kaningi ngendlela yakudala "ephezulu". Kepha kukhona "kodwa" okukodwa: izitshalo ezinjalo zithanda ukuchelela nge-nozzle yesifutho. Kuyadingeka ukuphendukela ekuhlakazweni kwamanzi ukuze amanzi asatshalaliswe ngokulingana phezu kwetangi elibanzi. Enye indlela yokunisela ukucwilisa isitsha ngesigaxa esikhulu samanzi ukugcwalisa isigceme, kulandele ukudonswa ngokuphelele kwamanzi "mahhala".

Bonsai Umsoco

Uhlobo lokudla kufanele licaciswe lapho uthenga isitshalo. Uhlelo ngohlelo lokufakwa kukamanyolo kuphela esigabeni sezimila ezisebenzayo ezivamisileko 1 isikhathi emavikini ama-2 kubhekwa njengento esezingeni eliphezulu. Maphakathi nehlobo, ungenza "ukudlula" ukumisa ukukhula kwamahlumela futhi uthuthukise ukugcwala. Ukugqoka okuphezulu akuyeki ngisho nasebusika (kuphela i-bonsai ye-evergreen), kepha kuthambisa ukuvama kwesikhathi esingu-1 kumaviki ayi-6 futhi kuncishiswe umthamo ojwayelekile.

Kukhethwa umanyolo okhethekile we-bonsai (akhiqizwa yizinkampani ezikhethekile kulobu buciko kanye nabakhiqizi bomanyolo abaziwayo abahlukahlukene ngamalungiselelo ahlukahlukene).

Ukunciphisa nokubumba i-bonsai

Ngenkathi yezitshalo eziningi zasendlini, ukuthena okuvamile nokubumba akuvamile kubhekwe njengemfuneko yokukhula, ngoba ukuthengiswa kwe-bonsai kuyisimo esibalulekile sokugcina ukuheha. Ukuze umsebenzi wobuciko obuphilayo uhlale unjalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile unciphise amagatsha, ususe amahlumela angadingeki, ingcosana nokunye ukwakheka. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-bonsai lunezidingo zalo zokutshala, kodwa ngokuvamile, isu lokutshala ngokuqondile lincike esilinganisweni sokukhula. Izitshalo ezikhula kancane zihlanzwa kanye noma kabili ngonyaka, zigcinwe zisesimweni. Isidingo esikhula ngokushesha kudingeka silawulwe futhi sakheke kaningi, njalo emavikini ambalwa, kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla.

Imithetho yokuthenwa kweBonsai ilula kakhulu. Ezitshalweni ezinjalo, njengomthetho, azama ukushiya amaqabunga ama-6 kuphela amaqabunga ihlumela ngalinye, asuse ngonya konke okungadingekile. Ingxenye engenhla ye-bonsai ihlala isikwa kakhulu, ingakhohlwa, njenganoma isiphi esinye isitshalo, ukukhipha wonke amagatsha owonakele, owomile, okhula phansi noma ongaphakathi, amagatsha athambile ngokweqile. Ukuze uthole i-bonsai, kubalulekile ukuncipha amaqabunga akhula ngokweqile ngendlela efanele. Kepha ukusika nje kutholakala kuphela ngamagama. Izitshalo ezingama Miniature zidinga indlela ekhethekile, zinzima kakhulu ukusika kangangokuba amakhono amaningi nokucabanga kuyadingeka lapha. Futhi ukwenza amaphutha kulula kakhulu kunokuthola impumelelo. Ngokokuqala ngqa, kungcono ukuxhumana nomuntu onguchwepheshe futhi uvakashele isigaba esikhulu, uthole lonke ulwazi oludingekayo ezikhungweni ezikhethekile. Kungemva kokuthola amakhono nokukwazi ubuchwepheshe, onqume ukuqala ukulima.

Ukwakheka kwamahlumela nemifantu, ukubanikeza izindlela "zokufakelwa" nezinkomba kungumsebenzi onzima futhi ongavamile. Nge-bonsai, ukwakheka kwenziwa ngokubonga ku-wire (sebenzisa ithusi elenzelwe noma i-aluminium, uthango oluningi njalo). Ngosizo lwayo, lungisa ukuphenduka kwesiqu noma amagatsha, ubanikeze ukwakheka, ukuqondisa kanye nama-engeli. Benza ukwakheka ngokufaka intambo kusukela phansi kuya phezulu, baphindisela ngokoqobo isiqu namagatsha ngayo, bese beqondisa ukukhula kwabo. Kodwa ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kokucindezelwa okwanele nokungalimazi kunzima kakhulu. Yebo, futhi udinga ukususa ucingo ngesikhathi esifanele: ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo "sihambe" siqonde, kodwa hhayi ngaphambi kokuba ifilimu likhule libe yigxolo.

Lapho usebenza ne-bonsai, udinga ukusebenzisa amathuluzi abukhali we-disinfected. Ukwelashwa kwamanxeba, kungakuhle ukuthi uthenge isibabule esikhethekile ngamanxeba. Iqoqo lamathuluzi akhethekile alungele uhlobo ngalunye lokuthena nomsebenzi othize nge-bonsai angatholakala namuhla ezitolo zezimbali nasemithonjeni ekhethekile. Ukudonswa amanzi amancane nesikhafu semilo ehlukahlukene, amabhulashi kanye nama-tweezers amancane, ama-pitchforks nama-tweezers kusiza ukwenza cishe umsebenzi wobucwebecwebe. Uma kungekho mathuluzi akhethekile, zama ukusebenzisa amathuluzi amasha we-manicure.

Ngokuthengisiwe ungathola namathuluzi akhethekile wokuguga okwenziwe ngokuhlobisa, ukuguqula umbala wegxolo, njll. Ngosizo lwabo ukuthuthukisa ukuheha kwesitshalo futhi uzuze ukuvezwa okukhulu.

Yondla i-bonsai.

Transplant, iziqukathi kanye substrate

AmaBonsai atshalwe endishini ekhethekile efulethini, lapho ukujula kungamamvama amaningi kunobubanzi. Lapho ukhetha, udinga ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi ivolumu yesitsha kufanele lidlule ivolumu yezimpande, futhi kaningi kufanele kube okungenani nomgodi owodwa wokuphuma kwamanzi. Awunamhlabathi omningi esitsheni esinjalo, ikakhulukazi ngoba iphesenti elikhulu lesikhala samahhala ethangi lihlala emanzini nange-mulch. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, i-bonsai kufanele itshalwe kabusha kaningi kunokufiswa - kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3.

I-Bonsai, njengazo zonke izihlahla zasendlini nezihlahlana, kungcono ukuzifaka ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo - entwasahlobo. Kepha kunezinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo, isibonelo, i-podocarpus enkulu, ekhetha ukufaka esikhundleni kungekho entwasahlobo kepha ekwindla. Bheka ngokucophelela lonke ulwazi ngaphambi kokuthenga.

Ukukhetha isizinda esingaphansi esifanele kubalulekile kulezi zitshalo. Nge-bonsai, sebenzisa isendlalelo esikhethekile esithengiwe ngesakhiwo esivumelekile, siphezulu kubumba nesihlabathi. Kunzima ukuqinisekisa ngokuzimela ukuvunyelwa kwamanzi kanye nomoya wokugcwala kwenhlabathi, ngakho-ke sincoma ukusebenzisa inhlabathi ekhethekile ye-bonsai.

Njengoba nje ingxenye engenhla yezitshalo yakheka ngendlela ekhethekile, i-rhizome yayo, evinjelwe futhi enciphile, yakhiwa ngokumangazayo. Lapho ukufakelwa, ukufingqa izimpande kuvame ukwenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhula nokukhulula isikhala esitsheni esincane. Ama-rhizomes wokunciphisa umzimba enza kahle ukumuncwa kwezakhi zomzimba bese enza umqhele uqinise. Isendlalelo sokudonswa kwamanzi amakhulu sibekwa ezansi ethangini. Isendlalelo sangaphansi sishintshwa ngokuphelele esisha nesisha, futhi isitshalo siqiniswa ngokucophelela, sicwiliswe kancane emhlabathini futhi sisebenzise amatshe noma amatshe ayigugu ukusimama uma kunesidingo.

AmaBonsai cishe awakaze atshalwe ngenhlabathi engenalutho. Indlela yokuhlobisa ye-mulching isetshenziswa ngenkuthalo kulezi zitshalo: isendlalelo sambozwe ngamatshe amatshe, amachwane amatshe, i-sphagnum noma ezinye izinto zokuhlobisa. Ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo kukhethiwe ukuze kufezekiswe umphumela wokuhlobisa omkhulu kakhulu nobonakalayo.

Ungenzi ngaphandle kokuvimbela

Onempilo, onefomu elifanelekile, okwazi ukuqhakaza noma ukujabulisa ngamaqabunga e-bonsai kanokusho, njengoba sikubona ezitolo futhi eletha ekhaya, kudinga ukuvikeleka njalo. Ukuvimbela zombili lezi zifo nokusakazeka kwezinambuzane kulula kakhulu kunokuzilwa kulezi zitshalo ezikhethekile. Yehlisa ubungozi bomonakalo we-bonsai usebenzisa kuphela amathuluzi okubulala amagciwane, ukugcina amazinga okushisa athambile nokukhanya, nokulawula umswakama. Ukunisela nokufaka umquba akumele kube ngokweqile futhi kube yindlala, futhi izitshalo ezikhetha umoya omusha kufanele ziyamukele ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu. Kodwa isiqinisekiso esiyinhloko sempumelelo ukuhlolwa okuhlala njalo. Udinga ukuqaphela amaqabunga namagatsha, uwahlole ngezimpawu zezinkinga ezingafuneki, ususe amaqabunga kanye namahlamvu kanye namahlumela alimile, futhi uhlole nesimo sezimpande.