IMonarda iyihlahla elingumqansa eleza kithi livela eSpain. Kwavulwa ngudokotela wezitshalo u-Nicholas Monardes. Waqala wabona lesi sitshalo esimnandi emahlathini aseNyakatho Melika. Isikhathi eside, uNicholas wafunda ngezimpawu nezimfanelo zakhe, azinikeza umhlaba wonke ngemininingwane enkulu. Ngemuva kokuvulwa kwesihlahla, sakhula ngentshiseko njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, ngobuhle nephunga.
I-monarda yathola igama layo libonga kumtholi wayo, kepha igama langempela likhona emasimini aseNdiya, ngoba i-monard iyimbabazane evela kuhlobo lweNdiya.
Kuhlobo lwe-monarda, kunezinhlobo eziyi-12 zezitshalo ezingama-shrub ezingabonakala kuphela eMelika. Kepha, ngaphandle komndeni waseMelika, endaweni yakithi ungathola ngezikhathi ezithile izinhlobo zayo.
IMonarda ikhula ngemibala eminingana: ophuzi, okusajingijolo okhanyayo, obomvu, onsomi futhi omhlophe imbala. Uthola ukuqothuka kwakhe ekuqaleni kukaJuni, kepha uqeda ukuqhakaza ngoSepthemba, kusukela ngesivimbo sokuqala esibandayo. Kuyo yonke inkathi yezimbali, i-monarda idonsela izimvemvane, izinyosi nezinyoni ngezimbali zayo ezinhle. Futhi iphunga lawo elimnandi limane nje alikwazi ukuheha abahlala emahlathini nasemasimini.
Uma ukhuluma nanoma yimuphi umgcini wezinyosi, ngisho nomuntu omusha ngokuphelele kuleli bhizinisi, wonke umuntu uzosho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi uju oluvela esihlahleni se-monarda ungumphumela omuhle kakhulu kusuka kwizinyosi zomthakathi ezingaziqoqa.
Ukutshala, ukukhiqiza kabusha nokunakekela
Indawo yokuhlala. Ukutshala i-monarda, udinga ukwazi hhayi kuphela isakhiwo kanye nezakhiwo zayo, kodwa nendawo lapho izokhula khona. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokutshala i-monard kusayithi lakho, khona-ke udinga ukuqoqa ngokubekezela okuningi nesikhathi esiningi samahhala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimbabazane zaseNdiya zidinga ukunakwa okukhulu, ngoba zonakaliswe kabi futhi zinamahloni.
Isibani Into yokuqala okudingeka uyazi, i-monarda ithanda ukushisa nokukhanya kwelanga. Kepha, ngaphandle kwalokhu, uma kutshalwe ezindaweni ezinethunzi lesikhathi esithile, kuzoba kuhle nokuqhakaza futhi ngande. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi udinga ukukhetha indawo enesimo sokuthi kuzoba nokuhamba kahle komoya, ukuze uvikele ukoma kwayo nokuntuleka komoya-mpilo.
Inhlabathi. Lapho utshala futhi ukhula, kufanele uqaphe inhlabathi ngokucophelela, okumele ivundiswe njalo futhi ibe nomswakama ophezulu, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iMonarda iyisitshalo esithanda umswakama esithanda ukubhukuda ngokunethezeka kwamanzi. Kepha musa "ukugcwalisa" isitshalo ukugwema ukubola. Emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, i-monard kumele iniselwe ngokucophelela, futhi uma lokhu kungenziwa, izokwehlisa isiqu sayo futhi kufanele iboshwe.
Ukunakekelwa i-monad idinga ukuqaliswa okufika ngesikhathi kuphela kwale mithetho emibili echazwe ngenhla. Uma unamathela kubo, khona-ke i-nettle yamaNdiya izokuqhakaza futhi iphunga eminye iminyaka eyi-10. Uma isihlahla sesibe mnene kakhulu, "ungasithulula" kancane, ususe iziqu ezimbalwa noma izimpande ezimbalwa. Lapho iMonarda iphela, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngoSepthemba, amaqabunga awo, iziqu nezimbali ziqala ukuwa. Kulesi simo, yonke ingxenye engenhla yomhlabathi ingasikwa ngokucophelela ngesikelengadi yensimu, yize ama-inflorescence omile we-nettle adonsela ukunakwa kakhulu. Entwasahlobo, ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, i-monarda iqala ukuncibilika izinso zayo futhi usungayithanda.
Ukuzala. Ukuze usakaze kahle i-monarda, unga entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, uhlukanise izihlahla zibe izingxenye eziningana bese uzitshala emhlabathini. Kepha kukhona umthetho owodwa - kuyadingeka ukutshala izimbabazane ezinezimpande ezingenalutho, ukuze zibhekiswe kahle. IMonarda ingahlobisa amathayi amadala, amabhokisi bese iyitshala nje indawo. Kepha kufanele unake ukuthi amabhusha avame ukukhula ngokushesha (ngaphezulu kweminyaka engu-3), ngakho-ke kusamele uwudlulisele noma kunjalo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukwazi ukuthi ama-monarda bush ekugcineni angafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha, ngakho-ke ebusika kudingeka athenwe.
Imbewu yokutshala ingacwiliswa emhlabathini ekwindla, kanti entwasahlobo, isihlahla sizoqala ukujabulisa iso ngeziqu kanye namahlumela alo okuqala okulindelwe. Noma-ke, ngokwezindlela zendabuko, kungcono ukusabalalisa imbewu ekuqaleni kukaMashi kumasongo omhlaba, njengoba iqhwa namanzi kuzokwehla.
Izinkinga nobunzima. Lapho usebenza ngezimbabazane zaseNdiya, ubunzima obuthile nokuphazamiseka kungavela. Imvamisa avela ngenxa yezifo zezitshalo. Enye yezifo ezithuthuke kakhulu zalesi sihlahla ngu-powdery hlobo. Lolu hlobo lwesifo lwenzeka cishe kulezi zitshalo ezithanda ukuba sezindaweni ezimanzi. Kepha ungakhathazeki futhi ukhathazeke. Udinga nje ukusika umqhele wengxenye yomhlaba, ezokhula kabusha ngesizini ezayo.
Izakhiwo zeMonarda
Impahla yinto ebaluleke kunazo zonke ezitshalweni, ngemuva, kobuhle. IMonarda akuyona nje kuphela isihlahla esihle, kodwa isitshalo esiwusizo kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe-botanists, i-monarda iyisihlobo se-mint eyaziwayo. IMonarda ine-flavour efanayo emangalisayo futhi eyingqayizivele, esetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ekuphekeni okuhlukahlukene ukulungiselela izitsha ezinephunga elimnandi nezinongo. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-nettle yaseNdiya isetshenziswa etiyeni futhi ingezwe ewayinini.
Ezikhathini zasendulo, i-monarda yayidliwa njengezindlela zokwehlisa izinga lokushisa nanjenge-anesthetic. Futhi, ngosizo lwesihlahla, umphimbo, amaphaphu kanye ne-bronchi belashwa.
Ngubani umakhelwane waseMonarda
Imvamisa, i-monarda isetshenziswa njengomhlobiso wezindawo zomhlaba nezingadi. Ungasitshala kunoma iyiphi indawo, uma nje bekungaba khona ilanga nomswakama. Kepha kungahlanganiswa nezitshalo ezinjani? I-Monarda ivumelana kahle kuzo zombili izakhiwo nasebusweni nge-wormwood yesiliva ne-hydrangea. Futhi, ungakhohlwa mayelana nawo wonke ama-dahlias nama-phloxes adumile, phakathi kwawo lapho iMonarda izofana nendlovukazi. Ungangeza futhi i-cosmei, ama-stonecrop kanye ne-rudbeckia kulolu hlu.
Kuyafaneleka ukuphetha ukuthi i-monarda iyisitshalo esihle sobuhlanya ngobuhle futhi ekhangayo, eheha hhayi kuphela abathandi bomsuka omnandi, kodwa futhi nabantu ngokubukeka kwayo nephunga elimnandi.
