Ukubona i-gentian okokuqala, bambalwa abazosala benganandaba nalezi zimbali, ezinobuhle obuhle. Nomaphi lapho zikhula khona, lezi zitshalo zihlala ziphikisana nemvelaphi ejwayelekile, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuthi uqaphele umthunzi wazo ogqamile ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. AbeZizwe babukisa bonke ubuhle babo ngokuqala kwekwindla. Kungalesi sikhathi sonyaka lapho bethola khona ukubukeka okumangazayo okubonga ngokukhazimula komlilo obomvu. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ujabulele ukuqhakaza kwezimbali ezinhlobonhlobo, udinga ukubheka amaphuzu amaningi, kusukela ekudaleni izimo ezinhle zokukhula nokuphelela ngokuhlinzekwa kokunakekelwa okufanele kwalezi zitshalo ezintekenteke.
Abamele abagqamile
Yize uhlobo lwe-gentians lubandakanya inani elikhulu lezinhlobo, kepha, ekwindla, inani elincane labo lijabule ngokuqhakaza. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukuba khona kwalezi zimbali esizeni kuzosiza ukuguqula. Imvamisa ekusebenziseni ukwakheka komhlaba UmShayina ohlotshiswe ubuhlakani. Futhi kufanele ngithi, ulithethelela ngokuphelele igama lakhe elingajwayelekile. Ekuboneni kwalesi sitshalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ungafikelwa umdlandla: lesi sitshalo sidonsela ukunaka kuso ngombala waso okhanyayo, nokubukeka kwembali, kanye nekhono lokukhuthazelela noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezulu lwesimo sezulu.
I-gentian ehlotshiswe ngamaShayina iyi-perennial, yakha ama-inflorescence amancane ngesikhathi sokukhula. Ngokutshala isikhathi eside, lezi zimbali ziphenduka zibe amakhaphethi aminyene, zifinyelela ekuphakameni okungaba ngu-15 cm, ngenkathi zinezikhathi ezimbili ububanzi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, inamahlumela amancanyana angajwayelekile emhlabathini, ahlanganiswe kahle ngamaqabunga amise okwenaliti ahlobisa amahlumela, angathathwa kalula ikhophi le-tarragon noma irosemary.
Uhlobo oluncane lwalesi sitshalo alukwazi ukujabulisa, kodwa-ke, umbono wezimbali ezinkulu ezikhuphuka emcamelweni wazo umangalisa ngokwengeziwe. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izinsimbi ziqondiswa phezulu. Okwamanje, muhle kakhulu, ngoba ngasikhathi sinye amashumi namakhulu ama-inflorescence aqhakaza, ecasha isikhashana amahlamvu akhonza njengengubo yawo. Lezi zimbali ngesimo sezinsimbi, ezinesigaba esingu-5-7 cm, zibukeka zibukeka njengezintambo ezikhanyayo, zibanikeza i-variegation eyengeziwe.
Ukubona izimbali ezahlukahlukene zalolu hlobo lobuzwe, kubonakala sengathi kunjengokuthi kudalwe ngokukhethekile ukuhlobisa ingadi yasekwindla. Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sasinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhazimulayo. Kepha baba sibonga kakhulu imingcele eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, esebenza kahle amabala amhlophe ngaphandle kwe-corolla.
Ungakwazi ukujabulela izimbali zama genetan ase-China alula ngoSepthemba. Futhi ungathola injabulo kulobu buhle kuze kufike iqhwa lokuqala. Lesi sitshalo simelana nanoma iyiphi iqhwa namaqhwa wokuqala eqhwa. Ngakho-ke, lapho kumiswa isembozo seqhwa esiqinile, izinsimbi zaso ziyaqhubeka zivulekile.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kokumelana nobuhle obumangalisayo, lesi sitshalo sin nezinye izinzuzo eziningi. Lolu hlobo lwe-gentian luvame ukuqala ukuthola izimpande kuma-internode. Ngakho-ke, kulezo zindawo lapho amahlumela ethinta khona emhlabathini, kuqala izihlahla ezintsha zofuzo.
Izinhlobo
I-gentian ehlotshiswe ngamaShayina akuyona ukuphela komuntu omele ngaphakathi amaqembu ezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali zasekwindla zalo mndeni:
genilian ciliate. Isitshalo esifushane esifinyelela kuma-35 cm, lapho kwakhiwa khona imifino emincane efana ne-cilia-etholakala emaphakathini ngenkathi yokukhula. Izimbali zihlala zodwa, zikhulu ngosayizi, zinombala ogqamile ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ongamasentimitha ayi-6. Le zinhlobo ziqala ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti, ziyaqhubeka zinikeza ubumnandi bokubukeka engadini kuze kube ngu-Okthoba;- gentian ekhethekile (emangalisayo). Isitshalo se-perennial, umhlobiso oyinhloko wazo eziyimbali eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Phakathi kwamaqabunga ekwindla awileyo kubonakala njengesitshalo saseChina. Inikela ngezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezinombala ongajwayelekile - opinki, omhlophe noma ophuzi;
- gentian kuyabanda. I-classic perennial, ekhula ibe yi-30 cm ukuphakama, inesiqu esiqondile. Umbala obonakalayo wezimbali uluhlaza okhanyayo nomhlophe, ovame ukufakelwa i-tint yegolide;
- omnyama gentian. Isitshalo esisekuqaleni, esiphawulwa ubukhona emaphethelweni we-corolla eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yamachashazi amhlophe. Amahlamvu anesimo esisebusweni abukeka emangazayo;
- lukhuni lobuzwe. Le nhlobo ingakhula ize ibe ngu-40-50 cm, yakha izinsimbi ezinsomi, ezakha izandla ezincane;
- WeZizwe uFarrera. Lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa ngombala we-turquoise okhazimulayo, okhona ngaphakathi kwe-corolla, kepha ngaphandle akubukeki kukhanya lapho kunemivimbo eluhlaza ehlanganiswe kahle iso elimhlophe.
genilian ciliate. Isitshalo esifushane esifinyelela kuma-35 cm, lapho kwakhiwa khona imifino emincane efana ne-cilia-etholakala emaphakathini ngenkathi yokukhula. Izimbali zihlala zodwa, zikhulu ngosayizi, zinombala ogqamile ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ongamasentimitha ayi-6. Le zinhlobo ziqala ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti, ziyaqhubeka zinikeza ubumnandi bokubukeka engadini kuze kube ngu-Okthoba;Futhi zikhona izinhlobo ezithile zezitshaloangena esigabeni sokuqhakaza kuphela ngo-Agasti. Lesi senzo siyaqhubeka kulo lonke uSepthemba, kanti kwezinye izimo sihlehliselwa u-Okthoba. Lapho ikhule ezindaweni ezihlonza ubusika obunzima, ukuqhakaza kungavela kamuva kunokujwayelekile. Kabili ngesizini, ophuzi base-gentian abancane-baved bajabulisa ngokuqhakaza kwawo, okuthi ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka kube sobala kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngoSepthemba, izinhlobo eziqala ukuqhakaza kusukela ekuqaleni ekwindla zibukeka zicace kakhulu:
- WeZizwe Kolakovsky. Lesi sitshalo sihlotshiswe ngamaqabunga abanzi, anembozo embozwe futhi amahlumela. Umbala obonakalayo wamahlamvu ucwebezela, umnyama, njengoba uqhubekela emaphethelweni amagatsha uba mncane. Izimbali zikhulu impela, zinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-5, zihlinzeka ngeshubhu elincane elimise okokuqina. I-whisk ephaphathekile nethoni ye-azure kuma-lobinge anezinhlaka zibanikeza umphumela owengeziwe. Kungabekezelela isikhathi eside sesomiso;
- I-Nations inezimbali ezintathu. Isitshalo eside impela, esingafinyelela ku-80 cm. Sakhiwa ngamahlumela asezingeni eliphansi namaqabunga esiqu se-lanceolate, izimbali zenziwe bell, zihlotshiswe ngamazinyo abukhali aqala ukuvula emabuntshini eziqongweni zezihlumela.
Izimo zikhululekile kubantu besikhathi sokwindla
Izithombe zalezi zitshalo zingathokozisa noma yimuphi umlimi. Kodwa-ke, ungabajabulisa bukhoma uma unaka izimfanelo zabo lapho bekhula. Lezi zitshalo -zithobayoNgakho-ke, zingatshalwa cishe kunoma yiziphi izimo. Noma ngasikhathi sinye, ngaphakathi kohlaka lwalesi hlobo, singakwazi ukwahlukanisa izitshalo ezingazizwa zizinhle kuphela enhlabathini nge-acidity ethile kanye nokuqina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke bangakhomba izidingo ezivamile.
Banikezwe izakhiwo zokuhlobisa ze-autumn yellow gentians, zibukeka kahle njengomhlobiso wamagquma ase-alpine. Kodwa-ke, ukufakwa kwabo ekwakhiweni kokudalulwa okwomile akuyona ngaso sonke isikhathi ukukhetha okulungile. Kunconywa ukuthi zibekwe ohlangothini olusentshonalanga noma okungenani uhlangothi olusempumalanga, lapho kugcinwa khona amazinga okushisa aphansi. Noma yisiphi isitshalo sikhula kabi ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga evuthayo, kunhlabathi engenampilo yezakhi. Ezimweni lapho kunzima kuwe ukukhetha indawo efanelekile yalesi sitshalo, kunconywa ukusitshala ezindaweni lapho kunethunzi elilinganayo.
- Kuhlotshiswe ubuhlakani baseShayina. Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanyiswa okuhle ngenkathi yokukhula, okuhlala lonke ihlobo nokwindla. Entwasahlobo, uzizwa kahle emthunzini oyingxenye, ngakho-ke uhlobo olufanayo lwe-gentian luvame ukutshalwa eduze kwezimbali zasentwasahlobo. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngesikhathi sokufa kwengwevu yokugcina, kuvela ithuba lokuthola isibani esikhulu;
- WeZizwe uFarrera. Lesi sitshalo singakhula kahle ngisho nasezimeni zomthunzi. Lapho kukhula ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, kubalulekile ukukhetha omakhelwane bazo ngokufanele. Kungcono ukubahlanganisa nezinhlamvu kanye nezinhlamvu zasentwasahlobo, okuthi ekuqaleni konyaka zenze isithunzi esincane.
Ngenqubo yokukhetha indawo yezitshalo, kubalulekile ukunaka hhayi ukukhanyisa kuphela, kodwa futhi umswakama womoya. Ama-gentians we-Autumn akhula kangcono uma etshalwe ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu. Ngakho-ke, okulungile kakhulu kubo kuzoba yizindawo eziseduze nezidumbu zamanzi - imifudlana, amachibi noma imithombo. Ukutshala i-gentians ephuzi kunconywa ezweni elijwayelekile lengadi.
AmaShayina angabeZizwe ahlotshisiwe, anconyelwa ukutshala inhlabathi enomswakama, ene-acid enamamaki futhi ngesakhiwo esixegayo, inezimpawu zayo ezikhulayo. Kulokhu, inhlabathi kufanele ibe nomswakama owenele.
Uhlobo lobuzwe lwabeZizwe lukhula kahle emhlabathini nasezindaweni ezinakekela umoya lapho kugcinwa khona umswakama ophansi womoya. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo zalezi zitshalo azimele acidity. Lapho sikhuluma ngokugcwala kwenhlabathi, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zizizwa zizinhle emhlabathini omile, okhanyayo futhi ogcwele izakhi zomzimba. Kuyadingeka amanzi kufanele abekhona, inhlabathi kufanele ivunyelwe kahle.
Ukutshala izitshalo
Lapho ulungiselela izimbobo zokutshala ama-gentians aphuzi wasekwindla, kufanele uwagcwalise ngodonsa kusuka ku-gravel. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele zibe zinkulu - ngoba lokhu kudingeka uqhubeke kusuka kumthamo wezithombo zobumba zikakhokho, okumele zikudlule izikhathi ezi-3. Izitshalo azidingi kubekwa eduze kuka-15-30 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Nakekela izitshalo eziqhakaza ekwindla
Ngokuphathelene nabathile abane-bloom ekwindla, akukho micimbi ekhethekile edingekayo. Ekuthuthukisweni kwabo okujwayelekile, kwanele ukugcina inhlabathi enomswakama, ebaluleke kakhulu ngezikhathi zesomiso. Kodwa-ke, ukunisela njalo kusebenza kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi umhlabathi uzohlala umanzi futhi ulula. I-Lime ibangela ukulimala okuthile ku-gengean yaseChinese ehlotshisiwe, ngakho-ke, ukuthambisa amanzi athambile kufanele asetshenziswe.
Ngenqubo yokunakekela ama-gentians ekwindla, inhlabathi phakathi kwezihlahla kufanele imbozwe nge-mulch. Futhi i-gentian ehlotshiswe ngamaShayina kunconywa ukusebenzisa isihlabathi esiqhekekile. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo azifunwa ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezisetshenziswa njenge-mulch.
Ekwindla ekwindla gentian
Ama-gentians aphuzi abekezelela kahle ubusika, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokwenza imicimbi ekhethekile ngokuhlonipha kwabo. Izinhlobo eziningi zihlangana nobusika ngezimbali ezivulekile, kepha lokhu akuzilimazi. Ngakho-ke, lapho kufika intwasahlobo, azisakhuli kancane futhi zikhule ngama-inflorescence amaningi.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ama-Autumn gentians amelana kakhulu nezinambuzane nezifo eziningi. Noma kunjalo, ukunakwa okukhethekile kumele kukhokhwe esimweni senhlabathi, ukuqhuba izindlela zokuvikela amanzi. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, izitshalo zingaqala ukubola. Phakathi kwama-gentian ekwindla, kunezinhlobo ezingalimazwa yi-slugs.
Isiphetho
Abantu beZizwe baheha abalimi abaningi ngokuqhakaza kwabo okuhle okungajwayelekile, ngakho-ke umlimi onquma ukubakhulisa esizeni sakhe ngeke azisole ngokukhetha kwakhe. Lesi sitshalo asifuneki kakhulu ezimweni ezikhulayo, ngakho-ke sizwa kahle ngezinhlobo eziningi zenhlabathi. Okufanayo kusebenza ekunakekelweni kwe-gentian ephuzi.
Lesi sithombe sikhombisa ukuthi ubuhle bawo bungagcinwa ngosizo lwezehlakalo eziphambili ezenziwa maqondana namasiko amaningi wokuhlobisa. Okokuqala, kuphathelene nokunisela, okuvumela gcina umswakama ofanele inhlabathi. Ngenxa yokumelana okuphezulu kwama-gentians ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni, ngeke zidale inkathazo enkulu kumtshali.
