Izimbali zingubuciko obuphilayo, futhi imbali iyindlovukazi yezimbali. Iphunga lakhona nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-inflorescence asivusa kithi konke kunobumnene kakhulu futhi muhle. Abaningi bangathanda ukuba ne-rose bush endaweni yabo, ngomqondo omkhulu babukela izindlovukazi zikhanya nomakhelwane babo ngobuhle babo, kepha bayesaba “ubunzima” futhi bashiye amathemba abo emaphusheni abo ukuba nobuhle obunjalo.
Eqinisweni, kuma-roses akhulayo, izimfihlo ezibaluleke kakhulu yisifiso nesibindi. Yini okufanele ucabangele lapho ukutshala isihlahla rose? Ake sibheke.
URosa Grace ovela kuDavid Austin.
Ukukhetha indawo nokulungisa inhlabathi yokutshala ama roses
Okhetha ama-roses, izindawo ezinamabala avulekile, akhanyiswe kahle avikelwe umoya ayathandwa. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela umhlabathi kahle. Inhlabathi ibhekwa ilungiswe kahle uma iqukethe izakhamzimba ezanele, ama-humus futhi azikho izinambuzane. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala ama-roses, icebo lihlelelwa, lihlukaniswe ngamagumbi, izinto zokutshala zihlelwa zibe amamaki, kulungiselelwe amathuluzi okutshala
Ukutshala ama-roses nini?
Ungaba nezinto ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala, ulungiselele inhlabathi kahle futhi uwanakekele kahle ama-roses, kepha uma engatshalwanga kahle, ukusebenza kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezihlahla, ikhwalithi yezimbali izokwehla kakhulu kunokutshala okufanele. Umsebenzi omkhulu wokutshala ukuqinisekisa ukusinda okuphelele. Isikhathi sokutshala ama-roses sinqunywa yizimo zezulu zale ndawo. Ungatshala ama-roses entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukutshala i-Autumn kuyakhokha lapho kuvikela izitshalo ekubandeni nasekunomswakama. AmaRoses atshalwe ngalesi sikhathi akhula kangcono kakhulu kunalawo atshalwe entwasahlobo.
Cwilisa izimpande zama roses kwikhambi lezakhi.
Isikhathi sokutshala esingcono kakhulu - ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa esingapheli - kuqinisekisa ukusinda kwezimpande. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12 ngemuva kokutshala ama-rose ekwindla, izimpande ezincane ezimhlophe ezincane ezimpandeni, okuthi, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, zibe nesikhathi sokuqina nokuguqula nsundu, okungukuthi, zithatha isimo sokukhula kwezimpande zezinwele. Ngale ndlela, ehlathini ubusika kahle, futhi entwasahlobo zombili izingxenye zezimpande nezisendaweni ephezulu yezitshalo ziqala ukukhula ngokushesha. Kwesinye isikhathi eningizimu ihlumela lama roses asanda kutshalwa aqala ukuhluma ekwindla. Lokhu akufanele kwesatshwe. Kulokhu, ihlumela eliluhlaza okhulayo lakhishwa ngemuva kokwakhiwa kweqabunga lesithathu. Uma iqabunga lesithathu lingakakhuli, kepha kuqandelwa isithwathwa, khona-ke ihlumela eliluhlaza okhulayo liyabhintwa ukuze isiqu eside esingu-5-10 mm siqhume esisekelweni saso.
Imvamisa ekwindla kunamathuba amaningi okuthola impahla enhle yokutshala ama roses. Njengoba sesiyitholile ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba, kungenzeka ukuthi siyitshalile - ngendawo yokuhlala efanele ebusika, ama-roses ngeke anyamalale. Ngemuva kokuthola ama-roses sekwephuzile ekwindla, kungcono ukubabumbela ukuze kugcinwe ubusika, ngokwesibonelo, kungqimba lwesihlabathi esiminyiswe kancane (40-50 cm) egumbini elingaphansi elinokushisa kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-2 ° С. Igumbi akufanele lome, ngaphandle kwalokho lufafazwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngamanzi kumswakama ohlobene wama-70-80%.
Ungagcina izinto zokutshala obala emseleni noma emgodini ngaphansi kombhede. Umsele uhlelwe ngendlela yokuthi phakathi kwenhlabathi nendawo yokukhosela kukhona igebe lika-5-10 cm, lapho kufanele kudlule khona umoya. Umsele ophezulu ombozwe ngamabhodi. Kumakhaza amakhulu, amaqabunga, izinaliti noma inhlabathi kufakwe emabhodini. Kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa indlela yokugcina umoya omile ngokwama roses ebusika.
Ukumba umhlabathi endaweni yokutshala ama roses.
Khulula inhlabathi.
Bamba umgodi wokutshala isihlahla se-rose.
Entwasahlobo ngokutshala ama-roses akufanelephuze. Ukusuka ekushiseni kwenhlabathi yilanga, amanzi avela ezicutshini zesitshalo avele ngokushesha bese izimpande zande kahle. Uma izithombo zezimbali zomile ngandlela-thile, okungukuthi, amagxolo aluhlaza asezimpondweni ancibilikisiwe, ngoba ngolunye usuku impahla igxiliswa emanzini, emva kwalokho igaywe enhlabathini emanzi emthunzini ngaphambi kokutshala.
Uma ngenkathi kuhanjiswa izithombo zamaroses ziqhume, bese zifakwa kwiphakeji egumbini elipholile lokuncibilikisa.
Icubungula ama-roses ngaphambi kokutshala
Ngaphambi kokutshala, iziqu nezimpande zigawulwa ukuze inani lamahlumela asele lihambisane nenombolo yezimpande ezisele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi sokumbiwa nokuhamba ingxenye enkulu yezimpande ilahlekile. Izimpande ezincane azikwazi ukunikeza ukondleka kusisindo sokuqala semifino saso sonke isisindo semifino yamakhasi asanda kutshalwa otshaliwe. Ngemuva kokususa amahlumela angeziwe, enye esele - emithathu ifushaniswa ibe ngu-10-12 cm, ishiye amaqabunga amabili noma amathathu elale kuwo. Ukuthenwa okunjalo kuzoqinisekisa ukusinda okuhle kwezithombo. Imvamisa abakwenzi lokhu, ngenxa yalokho kuba nokuhlaselwa okukhulu kwezithombo.
Sitshala i-rose sibheka izinga.
Ukutshala ama-roses
Lapho ukutshala enhlabathini engatshalwanga ngaphambili, kulinywe noma kumbiwa kuze kufike ku-50-60 cm, ibanga phakathi kwemigqa lishiywe ngokuya ngobukhulu bokusetshenziswa kwemishini yezolimo - 80-100 cm, ibanga emgqeni ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ubukhulu besihlahla bungama-30-60 cm. kukhethwa imigodi yokutshala noma imisele ukuze ikwazi ukubeka ngokukhululekile izimpande ku-roller yobumba.
Lapho utshala ezindaweni ezingatshalwanga, kuhlelwa imigodi engamasentimitha angama-40-50 cm. Uma kugaywa umgodi onjalo, ungqimba olungaphezulu lomhlabathi olunezakhi ezingama-25 cm lubekwa ngokuhlukile kusuka phansi. Ngemuva kwalokho engeza ungqimba olungaphezulu: Umanyolo we-organic (ungcono umquba wenkomo obolile) - ama-8 kg umgodi ngamunye wokutshala, i-superphosphate - 25 g lilinye, umanyolo we-potassium - 10 g lilinye. Inani elilahlekile lomhlabathi lithathwa ungqimba olungaphansi. Konke lokhu kuxuba kahle. Ngaphansi komgodi kumbozwe umquba obunjiwe ongu-10 cm bese kufakwa ifosholo ebhafini, bese imbozwa ngenhlabathi ukuze amafomu avela enhlabathini lapho izimpande zibekwe khona.
Bese kuthi yonke inhlabathi igcwaliswe, inyakazise izimpande ukuze zibeke umhlabathi ngokulinganayo. Ukuvimbela izikhala zomoya ezungeze izimpande, inhlabathi ngemuva kokutshala ihlanganiswe kancane, yenza umgodi omncane ozungeze isihlahla ukuze amanzi anggelezi ngesikhathi sokunisela. Amanzi ngesilinganiso samalitha ayi-10 esihlahleni ngasinye. Usuku ngemuva kokutshala, indawo yokuhluma kufanele ibe ngu-3-4 cm ngaphansi kwenhlabathi yomhlaba .. Uma kwenzeka kuvela ukuthi iphansi, khona-ke isihlahla kufanele sikhuliswe ngefosholo bese inhlabathi ithululelwe ngaphansi kwawo. Uma isihlahla singaphezulu kophawu, siyashiywa.
Sinyathela umhlaba sizungeze isihlahla se-rose futhi siyinkcenkceshele.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, inhlabathi iyakhululwa ibe ngu-3 cm ojulile futhi isihlahla siyatshalwa ngenhlabathi size sifinyelele ezingeni lokusikwa kwamahlumela, okungukuthi, amasentimitha ayi-10. Lapho nje ukuqhakaza kuqala ukukhula, inhlabathi isuswa amahlumela. Ama-rose atshaliwe futhi, kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga evamile ekhula kuwo, kubalulekile ukufafaza ekuseni noma kusihlwa ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga (ukuze amaqabunga abe nesikhathi sokusika).
Umbhali: Sokolov N. I.
