Lesi sitshalo esibolile sitholakala eYurophu (ukusuka eNorway enyakatho kuya eCorsica eningizimu futhi ukusuka eNetherlands ngasentshonalanga kuya ezintabeni zase-Ural empumalanga) nase-Asia (Turkey naseCaucasus, eCentral Asia), sikhula emahlathini, emifantwini, emiseleni, emaphethelweni, phakathi kwezihlahlana , ezingadini nasezivandeni, ezindaweni ezikhathele. Emahlathini nakwezinye izindawo ezinomthunzi kakhulu, imidrako ingakhula indle hhayi ukuqhakaza iminyaka. Amathanga anjalo axhumene nama-rhizomes ajwayelekile. Isilinganiso sobude besikhathi sokuphila cishe siyiminyaka engama-50.
I-somnole ejwayelekile (i-Aegopodium podagraria).
Incazelo yephupho
Dreame (I-Aegopodium) luhlobo lwezitshalo ezingama-herbaceous zonyaka womndeni wesambulela.
Amaphupho obukhulu obumbekile, ngaphansi komhlaba, okukhasa. Isiqu siqondile, simila, singenalutho noma sibubende obuncane, sishubile ngaphakathi, sinobuthakathaka obuthakathaka, sinezimbali ukuphakama okungu-50-100 cm. Amaqabunga aphansi esiqubuzane kuma-petioles amade, anemisila emibili, amapheshana oblong-ovate afinyelela ku-8 cm ubude, aboshwe ngokuqinile emaphethelweni, aphezulu ngaphezulu petioles, ezincane nezincane dissected. I-pubescence emaqabungeni ingaphansi kuphela.
I-inflorescence yephupho liyisihlangu sezambulela eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingama-5- 10, isambulela esinama-ray angama-20 kuye kwangama-30, ngaphandle kokugoqa kanye nokugoqa, izambulela zezimbali ezingama-15 kuye kwezingu-20. Isambulela esiyinkimbinkimbi kunezimbali ezingama-300-500 (kunezimbali ezingaphezu kuka-3000 ezitshalweni zizonke). Izimbali zincanyana, zimhlophe ezinamacembe amahlanu acishe abe yizinhliziyo. Izithelo zixutshwe, zisezingeni eliphakathi, ubude ngu-3-4 mm, nsundu, zinezimbambo.
Iqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi, cishe izinsuku ezingama-30. Izimbali ziheha izinyosi (nezinye izinambuzane) kuwo wonke amahora okukhanya kosuku, kodwa ikakhulukazi kusuka emahoreni ayi-11 kuye kwayi-15. Ukukhiqiza uju kufinyelela kuma-240 kg ngehektha elilodwa. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele nesomswakama ngenkathi yezimbali, inzuzo yansuku zonke yesidleke sokulawula ingama-3-4 kg (kuyo yonke inkathi yezimbali - kg engama-30-40 kg).
Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza ngasikhathi sinye, ngenkathi kubukeka sengathi ifu elimhlophe liwele phansi. Mina uShakkin wayethanda ukudweba iphupho. Imidwebo emibili akhonjiswa kuyo igcinwe eRussian Museum naseTretyakov Gallery. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igama likaTretyakov libizwa ngokuthi “Utshani beqhwa”, ukukhumbula ukuthi iphupho liyadla.
Ikhona lengadi ebunjiwe. Iphupho lotshani. Isifundo. Shishkin I.I.Ukulwa Nobuthongo
Ukwehla wukhula olungathandeki kakhulu okunzima kakhulu ukulususa ngokuphelele. Impande yezithombo idlula ku-40 cm enhlabathini, ngakho-ke isitshalo siqhubeka sanda ngisho nangemva kokusebenza kwemishini. Ukunqoba ukhula kuzosiza ukuvimba imithombo yokukhanya (amakhadibhodi, ifilimu emnyama) noma amazambane okutshala, njengoba amakhoba engezukuphendula kahle kwi-hill.
Phakathi kokuqothulwa kwamakhemikhali ngamaphupho, kufanelekile ukuphawula iRoundup, iTornado neKiller. Impi yamakhemikhali ukhula yenziwa kangcono kaningi phakathi nenkathi, ngezinsuku ezolile. Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ama-herbicides ayingozi emvelweni, kubandakanya nakubantu.
Ukulala ezivandeni ze-amateur kuyinto eyejwayelekile. Ngisho nasezivandeni ezintsha, ukuminza kuqoshwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Kepha lokhu akusona isizathu sokucasuka, kungakanani ukwethuka. Khumbula ukuthi indlela yokuhlobisa yephupho elixubile inolaka njengephupho elijwayelekile, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwalo kufanele kucatshangwe kahle ukukhawulela ukusakazeka kwamaphupho esivandeni sonke.
IDrum izizwa imnandi ezindaweni ezinomthunzi futhi icindezela amanye amakhambi. Kepha otshanini elangeni elinokucheba okujwayelekile, ukuswayiza ngeke kuncintisane notshani obunotshani futhi kusheshe kunciphe. Kepha otshanini obomvana kunzima ukuqeda iphupho - utshani obunotshani buthakathaka ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okwanele, futhi iphupho lizizwa lihle kakhulu: isithunzi esimanzi nesithunzi esilinganayo yizimo zaso. Kumakhasi otshani obomvana, kuzodingeka usebenzise ama-herbicides akhethekile ukulawula izitshalo ezinama-dicotyledonous.
Somnolence ojwayelekile.
Ingadi nezilimo ezihlobisa minyaka yonke (amazambane, ama-tulips, njll.), Ezidinga ukugaywa kwenhlabathi minyaka yonke kanye nokukhethwa okufanayo kwama-rhizomes amaphupho, kusula umhlabathi wamaphupho. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-perennials kanye nezihlahlana zitholakala kalula kakhulu ukuba zikhukhumele ngesiyezi, kusuka lapho kunzima kakhulu ukubamba.
Lapho usebenzisa ama-herbicides ukulwa nokwezela, ukuqina okuninginingi kwekhambi lokusebenza (izikhathi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu) kufanele kusetshenziswe, futhi namanje, i-roundup kuzofanele isetshenziswe kaningi. Uma kungekho okuningi, khona-ke kuyavumeleka ukuthambisa amaqabunga ephupho ngesisombululo esisebenzayo usebenzisa ibhulashi. Lapho usebenzisa isifutho, kungcono ukubeka ekhanda lesifutho ibhodlela lepulasitiki elibanzi elisikiwe - lokhu kwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukufafaza kuphela isokhethi lephupha (noma i-dandelion), cishe ngaphandle kokuthinta izitshalo ezingomakhelwane. Ngokusho kwabalimi, imiphumela emihle itholakala ngomjovo omncane wesisombululo se-roundup nge-syringe kusiqu noma enhliziyweni yesokhethi lamaphupho. Futhi, imiphumela emihle itholakala ngokujulisa ngesisombululo esisebenzayo sezilayi ezintsha zedash (kanye nolunye ukhula).
Kukholelwa ukuthi uma unikeza ithuba lokuqhakaza, isitshalo siyafa, i.e. iziphatha njenge-biennial ejwayelekile. Uma lesi sitshalo siqhakaza, khona-ke siziphatha njengokhula olungapheli, njengokhula olungaqediwe, olusakazwa ngama-rhizomes ezinwabuzelayo, njengoba kuvame ukwenzeka esivandeni esivuthayo.
Ungakugwema kanjani ukwanda kwamaphupho engadini?
Okokuqala, ungashiyi izambulela zamaphupho ezishabalala ngembewu. Okwesibili, akufanele ubeke lezi zambulela ezifanayo kanye nama-rhizomes wamaphupho kumquba, ngoba ngisho nezimpande ezincane kakhulu zephupho elisinde kumanyolo zingahluma futhi zakhe ihlumela lamaphupho endaweni entsha. Kepha ubabeke kuphi? Ngokuchithwa kwamaphupho, kungcono ukusebenzisa imigqomo emidala lapho ungaphonsa khona izitshalo zokhula ngezimpande nezimpande: ngonyaka olandelayo engeza inhlabathi encane ngaphezulu bese utshala okuthile - lonke iphupho "lizoshiswa". Ungasebenzisa futhi izikhwama zepulasitiki ezimnyama ngodoti - esikhwameni esiboshwe unyaka unyaka i-churn iphenduka ibe yi-humus.
Amaphupho ajwayelekile 'Variegatum'.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphupho kwezokwelapha
Ukuvunwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe
Izinto zokwelapha ezingavuthiwe ziyingxenye yezindiza, ezingaphansi kaningi - izimpande zamaphupho. Utshani buvunwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali. Umiswe emoyeni ovulekile, bese kuba ngesomisi emazingeni okushisa angama-25-30 ° C. Izimpande zentwasahlobo zimbiwa ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yezimbali zesitshalo, zigezwe ngamanzi abandayo bese zomiswa emthunzini noma ngaphansi kophahla.
Izingxenye ezomisiwe zomoya zigcinwa esitsheni esivaliwe sengilazi, kuthi izimpande zigcinwe esitsheni sokhuni. Impilo yeshelf yezinto zokwenziwa eluhlaza unyaka owodwa.
Izinto ezisebenzayo
Amafutha abalulekile, ama-steroid, amakhompiyutha aqukethe i-nitrogen, uvithamini C, ama-flavonoid, ama-microelements (i-iron, ithusi, i-manganese, i-titanium ne-boron), ama-enzyme nama-phytoncides atholakala emaqabunga, isiqu nezimbali zamaphupho. Izimpande ziqukethe amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, uwoyela obalulekile, i-nitrogen compounds, i-polyacetylene compounds, i-phenol carboxylic acid nama-coumarins.
I-somnole ejwayelekile (i-Aegopodium podagraria).
Izici eziwusizo zamaphupho
Izidakwamazinyo zine-anti-inflammatory, analgesic, diuretic kanye nemiphumela yokupholisa amanxeba. Benza ngcono umsebenzi wokuphamba kwesibindi, futhi bathuthukisa ukusebenza kwamapheshana emathunjini - bayeke ukuvuvukala baphinde benze ngokwejwayelekile umetabolism kasawoti.
Ukuba khona kwamakhompiyutha e-polyacetylene kulesi sitshalo kunikeza i-fungicidal, okungukuthi, i-antifungal, impahla.
Ungadliwa Amaphupho
Amaqabunga amazinyo asetshenziselwa izinjongo zokwelapha ngefomu elisha nelomile, kanye nokufakwa kwalo.
Thatha 2 tbsp. wezipuni zezingxenye ezingenhla zesitshalo, uthele ngazo inkomishi e-1 yamanzi ashisayo, ubilise engilazini evaliwe noma endishini ye-koqweqwe lwawo kubhavu wamanzi imizuzu eyi-15, upholile imizuzu engama-45, hlunga ngezendlalelo ezi-2-3 ze-gauze, ugaye bese ufaka amanzi abilisiwe emthanjeni wokuqala. Sebenzisa phakathi nosuku ngezingxenye ezilinganayo ze-rheumatism, gout, izifo zezinso kanye zesinye, kanye nezifo zesikhumba fungal. Amaqabunga amasha anomphumela we-analgesic, ayachotshozwa futhi ayadliwa, asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibuhlungu njengezinkimbinkimbi zokubulala i-gout, i-rheumatism nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokuvuvukala.
Amabhati alungiswa kusuka ezimpandeni zeDentist, esiza kahle nge-myositis ne-polyarthritis.
Gaya 40 g wezimpande zeSons ezejwayelekile, uthele 1 litre wamanzi abilayo, ubilise imizuzu eyi-10, ugcizelele imizuzu engama-30, ukuhlunga bese uthele kubhavu ngeqondo lokushisa lamanzi elingu-36-37 ° C. Lokhu kugeza kungcono ukuthatha ebusuku.
Somnolence ojwayelekile.
Amaqiniso Okondleka
Amahlumela amasha kadeshi, amaqabunga kanye namacembe amaqabunga asetshenziselwa ukudla, lapho isobho seklabishi, isobho, ama-borscht kuphekwa, kulungiswa izitsha eziseceleni, izitsha zenyama nezinhlanzi, kwenziwa amasaladi. Amaqabunga amuncu ebusika, njengeklabishi, kanye nesiqu ayathathwa. Ngokupenda, ungashintsha imifino ubanikeze ukunambitheka okungafani nhlobo.
Lesi sitshalo singangezwa kunoma iyiphi i-appetizer, izifundo zokuqala nezesibili. "Ukuthakazela" okunjalo okuvela ephupheni ngeke nje "kungabaphazamisi", kepha kubacebise ngamavithamini, amaminerali nezinye izinto eziwusizo ezisebenzayo ngaphandle kokubanika i-charm kanye nokudla okumnandi.
