Izihlahla ze-Apple namapheya: kanjani ukondla?

"Ukudla okufanele kwezitshalo zezolimo" - isihloko sencwadi eyodwa eyanyatheliswa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 eRussia izwakala imnandi kakhulu. Kepha umbuzo wokuthi usondla kanjani futhi ungasondla kanjani isitshalo awusona ihlaya.

Omunye wabantu abakhulu beNkathi Ephakathi kwakuyindela yaseDominican u-Albert the Great (1193-1280). Encwadini yakhe ethi "On Plants", lapho imicabango engabonakali ihlangana khona ngokuphelele nemininingwane eqoqwe ezingxoxweni nabalimi, abazingeli, abagawuli bezinkuni, abadobi, abasebenza ngokudotshwa izinyoni, kunesikhala esiningi sokutshala izondlamzimba. "... Umanyolo ungukudla kwezitshalo, futhi lokhu kudla kusondele futhi kuhambelana nesitshalo kunokudla kwesilwane". Ngakho-ke, bathi u-Albert the Great, isitshalo "maduze nje kunezilwane ezizoshintsha ngokudla".

Ngemiyalo yakudala yaseRussia, sithola nezinto eziningi ezilusizo. Emisebenzini kasosayensi wemvelo ovelele waseRussia u-A.T Bolotov, umqondo oyinhloko ukuthi udinga ukwazi "ubunjalo" bomuthi, okungukuthi, uqonde kahle uhlobo lwezitshalo ukuze wazi ukuthi ungawondla kanjani. Ekhuluma ngokudla kwezitshalo, uBolotov uyaphawula: "Lokhu kudla kuqukethe amanzi nezinye izinhlayiya ezikhethekile noma ezingaphezulu zamaminerali."

Wayengowokuqala emhlabeni ukufaka umanyolo wezimbiwa zezitshalo emasimini esifundazwe saseTula. Kwenziwe futhi kwathiwa: "Awukho umhlaba omubi, kepha kukhona abanikazi ababi". Le nkulumo yaba namaphiko, yaba yizwi.

Kepha ngokuvamile, kulimi lwaseRussia, iminyaka eyikhulu ngemuva kweBolotov, akekho noyedwa owacabanga ngokufaka umquba izihlahla ngama-tuks.

Ku "Umhlahlandlela Wokufundwa Kwezimbali Nezokulima" ngu-E. F. Rego, oshicilelwe ngonyaka we-1866, sifunda: "Izihlahla ezingahlala emhlabathini ompofu, noma sezikhathele ngokuvunwa okunamandla, noma zindala kakhulu, zingavundiswa. Izicucu kufanele zibole ngokuphelele ... Inyama negazi elihlanganisiwe, elihlanganiswe kahle nomhlabathi, nakho kungasebenza njengomanyolo omuhle. icala ngokufakwa kwezithonsi zezimvu nezinkomo eqhweni noma emanzini emvula ". Kepha esesivele encwadini ethi "Fertilizer in Horticulture" (1908), eshicilelwe ngaphansi kokuhlelwa kabusha komlimi wezithelo odumile uN. I Kichunov, iqukethe isincomo esizwakala ngesikhathi esifanele kakhulu namuhla. "Umquba wehhashi obunjiwe kahle uqukethe zonke izinto ezidingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwezitshalo okunempilo. Ngakho-ke, umquba uvame ukubhekwa njengomanyolo womhlaba wonke. Umanyolo amaningi wokufakelwa, owengxenye enkulu uqukethe izakhi zomzimba owodwa noma ezimbili, uhlukile ngokuphelele, kanti ezinye azikho. Umanyolo onjalo unomthelela othize ezitshalweni, zingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni okungcono kwamaqabunga nezimpande, noma zikhulise isivuno sembewu nezithelo, njll. Ngakho-ke, ulwazi oluningilizayo sokuqanjwa kukamanyolo ehlukahlukene ekhiqizwa izenzo zabo njengoba kudingekile kuso isisebenzi sesivini: kanye umlimi ".

AmaRoma athi: terrae adaeps - "fat fat". Lokhu "kwamafutha", ngokubona kwabo, kwenza inhlabathi ivunde. Kusukela lapho, umanyolo namafutha ezizweni eziningi sekuyinto efanayo. Nge-Russian Russian endala, i- "tuk" inamafutha, esikhathini samanje - Umanyolo.

Kuyaziwa esikoleni ukuthi zonke izitshalo, kubandakanya nezithelo, zidinga umanyolo we-organic kanye ne-mineral, okuyinto, njengoba isazi D.N. Pryanishnikov washo kahle, ukuthi hhayi kuphela ngaphandle, kepha futhi nokuhambisana.

Njengoba wazi, umzimba wazo zonke izitshalo unezakhi zamakhemikhali ezifanayo. Cishe izinto ezingama-70 zamakhemikhali ezitholakala emlotheni wezinkuni. Phakathi kwabo, ososayensi bahlukanisa amaqembu amabili: ama-macrocell, okungukuthi, asetshenziswa izitshalo ngobuningi obukhulu (kusuka engxenyeni yamaphesenti ukuya kumaphesenti amaningana esisindo esomile), nama-microelements, okungukuthi, kuyadingeka ezitshalweni ngamanani anciphile (kusuka emaphesenti ayikhulu). Phakathi kwama-microelements, ama-ultramicroelements kwesinye isikhathi ahlukaniswa, asetshenziswa izitshalo ngamanani amancane kakhulu. Kuma-macrocell, izitshalo zidinga i-carbon, i-oksijini, i-hydrogen, i-nitrogen, isibabule (lapho kwakhiwa khona amakhompiyutha), i-phosphorus, i-potassium, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-iron, i-sodium, kwesinye isikhathi i-silicon, chlorine, i-aluminium. Kuma micronutrients, izitshalo zivame ukudinga i-boron, i-manganese, ithusi, i-molybdenum, i-cobalt, njll, kanye ne-micronutrients - i-cesium, i-rubidium, i-cadmium, i-strontium, njll.

Njengoba wazi, umuthi wezithelo uvame ukuba nezingxenye ezimbili: isitoko, esinikeza umsoco womhlabathi, ne-scion, okuyingxenye yomoya. Kusetshenziswa izinto zokuthambisa, okubhalwe “kusebenza” njenge-photosynthesizer. Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi, uma, lapho isiphunzi siphiwe ngokuphelele nezakhi eziningi, ukuntuleka kweziningi noma esisodwa sazo kuyabonakala, izitshalo azikwazi ukukhula ngendlela evamile futhi sithele izithelo. Kwesinye isikhathi kwanele ukuphatha inhlabathi ngendlela efanelekile nangesikhathi ukuze into engenakufinyeleleka ngaphambili ezitshalweni kuyo itholakale noma iphinda ingene “kwisitoreji” ngomanyolo we-organic namaminerali.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izingadi zisencane ngaphambi kokungena esikhathini sokuzala izithelo akuvamile ukuthi zihlupheke ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla kwamaminerali. Esikhathini sokuqala sokuphila kwayo, okubizwa ngokuthi izingane, izitshalo zidinga kakhulu amanzi. Umuthi omncane uyisidalwa esidalwa ngendlela ephawuleka kakhulu. "Kujwayele" iqiniso lokuthi inhlabathi ezungeze izimpande zayo iniselwa ngezikhathi ezithile, umuthi, uma ngokungazelelwe uyeka ukuchelela, uzokuphendula kulokhu ngokukhula okubuyayo kanye nokwenza izithelo.

Uma kukhona umswakama owenele emhlabathini futhi ungahlulela ngokubonakala kwesitshalo esikhula futhi sikhule ngendlela evamile, kufanele ucabange ukuthi ngabe kufanelekile yini “ukondla” - ngoba, ungaphuza ngokweqile ungazi. Kulokhu (nakwabanye abaningi) kungcono ukuthatha izeluleko zikaProfessor A. S. Grebnitsky zokutshala lupine zaphakade emigqeni yezithelo zezithelo. Encwadini ethi "Nakekela ingadi yezithelo," wabhala: "... i-lupine ehlala isikhathi eside ingahlwanyelwa ngaphansi kwezihlahla kuya iziqu futhi ihlale lapho iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokuvunwa. Le lupine inezimpande ezinde kakhulu nezinde, okuthi, uma ihlale isikhathi esithile, ekugcineni ifele futhi ibuyele enhlabathini, imanzise inhlabathi iqonde ngqo. okuyinto (ikakhulukazi enhlabathini enobumba olunzima) iyinto enhle kakhulu ngezihlahla zezithelo. Ekwindla, ungalima ama-lupins zisetshenziswa futhi ubashiye engadini: lokhu kumanyanisa ingaphezulu lomhlabathi ukuze kusizakale izihlahla ".

Uma umuthi ubuthakathaka, ukhula kabi bese ukhula? Ukuthola isizathu, ekusebenzeni kulula kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi ngabe yindlala noma cha.. Ubuthakathaka, amaqabunga amancane, izithelo ezincane ezingenangqondo, ukubekeka phambili kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezifo kuyizimpawu eziqinisekile zokubulawa yindlala. Kepha udinga ukwazi ukuthi kungenzeka yini ngempela lokho okudingwa yisitshalo. Omunye "uchwepheshe" uzokwenqaba leqiniso eliyiqiniso: "Nginike umshini wasentwasahlobo womquba omusha, isazi sezinto eziphilayo asidingi, kuzoba khona isivuno". Ngakho-ke akunjalo. Umquba omusha, okokuqala, ngenxa yezizathu eziningi (ikakhulukazi, ngenxa yokuthi ugcwele imbewu yokhula), singeke sincome ukuthi siyingenise engadini, futhi okwesibili, ngasebusika - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lokhu Asisincomi: izinto eziningi eziwusizo ezitshalweni zizolahleka ngesikhathi sokuncibilika kweqhwa nokufafaza.

Ungaba kanjani? Inketho enhle, njengoba umkhuba usikisela, ukulungiselela umanyolo kancane, ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukwehlisa ukulahleka kwezakhi zomquba, kubalulekile ukufaka i-peat eyomile, ukuyibeka izingqimba zamasentimitha angama-20 kuya kwengama-30, kuguqulwa inqwaba ngenqwaba yezindawo zomquba. Kuyalule futhi ukuthi ungeze umanyolo we-phosphate - 15-25 kg we-superphosphate ngethoni yomquba. Lapho usebenzisa umquba womquba womquba nge-superphosphate, isivuno siphakeme kakhulu kunalokho lapho kusetshenziswa umquba ne-superphosphate ngokwehlukana.

UKarel Čapek wayenensimu encane ePrague endlini yakhe. Uthe ukuthintana nomhlaba nakho konke okukhulayo nokuqhakaza kungenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu empilweni yakhe. Ngokuzimisela kakhulu ukulima izingadi, uChapek wenza izifundo ze-botany, i-geology, ubuchwepheshe bezolimo futhi wathola ulwazi olunzulu kulo mkhakha. Wabhala: "Inhlabathi enhle, njengokudla okuhle, akufanele kube namafutha kakhulu, kube nzima noma kubande, noma kube manzi kakhulu noma kukome kakhulu ... kufanele kudilike, kodwa kungabi nakungqubuzana; kufanele kuqhume ngaphansi kokugcwala, kepha kungashisi".

UChapek, ngokuhlekisa kwakhe, wabhala ukuthi umlimi weqiniso, "kanye Ensimini yase-Edeni ... ngangihogela ukuthi kunuka ini bese ngithi: - Futhi lokhu, sithandwa, humus! Ngokubona kwami, angakhohlwa nokunambitha isithelo emthini wesihlahla solwazi lokuhle nokubi: uzolwela ukuthatha konke kude neNkosi uNkulunkulu isihlalo esinamasondo sepharadesi humus ".

Apula

Imvamisa abalimi kumele benze ngaphandle kwe "Paradise humus", ngakho-ke, kubonakala sengathi, umfundi uzoba nesifiso sokwazi ukuthi izitshalo zezithelo zondliwa kanjani engadini yeRutkevichi pomological (isifunda saseShuchinsky, esifundeni saseGodno). Ngokuvamile, ngendlela, uma ubuchwepheshe bezolimo besihlahla seapula baziwa kahle, izindlela zezolimo zokutshala eliphakathi kwethanga azithuthukiswanga kahle, futhi kaningi okunconyelwe umuthi we-apula kudluliselwa ngomshini kulo mkhuba, ngokungacabangi izici zawo ezithile. Ngokusekelwe kulwazi lwamaRutkevichs, sifuna ukunika abalimi abangama-amateur izincomo ezimbalwa ezingokoqobo.

Thatha izindawo ezifudumele ngaphansi kwethanga esizeni, uvikeleke ethonyeni lemimoya ebakhona nebandayo yasenyakatho kanye nasenyakatho-mpumalanga. Imithambeka yazo zonke izinkomba ilungele ukufika. Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe emithambekeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga, nentshonalanga, naseningizimu. Umhlabathi kumele ukhulule ngokwanele, uvunyelwe ukutholakala kwamanzi nomoya, uma kunokwenzeka isihlabathi noma i-loamy elula. Ukusabela okuhle kwenhlabathi yokukhula kwe-peic acidic ene-pH ka-4.2 ukuvala ukungathathi hlangothi nge-pH ka-5.6-6.5.

Iparele isabela kumanyolo. Umanyolo wamaminerali kuleli cala futhi uyanconywa ukuthi usetshenziswe kanye nowe-organic ngesimo sezinto eziphilayo noma izingxube ze-organic. Ku-1 m2 wesiyingi sesiqu (umucu) - 3 - 8 kg womquba, umquba noma umquba ovuthiwe, 100 g we-superphosphate no-20-30 g womanyolo we-nitrogen omile (usabalale ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi bese uvala lapho ukhulula). Lapho ufaka ukugqoka okungaphezulu kwe-liquid, ikhambi lithululelwa emiseleni eduze komngcele wesiyingi noma eceleni komucu wokuqunjelwa. Ukuhlushwa kwayo kufanele kube buthakathaka: 2-8 g nge-litre eyodwa yamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sebenzisa isixazululo se-slurry kanye ne-bird droppings, ngaphambili exutywe ngamanzi, ngokulandelana, izikhathi ze-3-4 nezikhathi eziyi-10 (ezomile izikhathi ezingama-20). Imvamisa yesisombululo sekhambi lomanyolo we-organic ne-mineral yi-1 ibhakede lemisele engu-3-4. Ngaphambi kokugqoka okuphezulu kwesimo sezulu esomile, inhlabathi emiseleni kufanele iniselwe kuqala. Umbuthano wesiqu kufanele uvulwe, ngaphandle kokhula.

Amapheya

Ukuhlanzeka nokuhleleka kuyizimpawu eziqinisekile zokuthi ingadi, i-manor isezandleni zomnikazi onengqondo. Lapho umgomo wokulima okungadoti ugcotshwa khona, lapho kuvuna ukujabula. Ungayilahla kanjani imfucuza? Abalimi abanolwazi ngisho nasesakhiweni segadi elincane baxazulula ngempumelelo le nkinga. Bahlanganisa ukhula, amaqabunga awile, iziqongo, udoti wokudla kanye nezindunduma.

Izinqwaba zomquba ngokuvamile azenziwa zingabi ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qala ususe inhlabathi ephezulu ngokujula kwama-20 cm, bese wenza “umcamelo” - uthele ubambe ngo-cm ka-10 cm bese ubeka ungqimba ku-20-30 cm wezinto ezinomakhompiyutha. Ungqimba ngalunye olunjalo lumanzi futhi lumbozwe ungqimba oluncane lomhlabathi noma lwe-peat. Isizini edlule, inqwaba yamakhomputha idonswa kaningana.

Abanye abalimi bathanda uhlelo lokufaka umgquba lapho umquba uvela khona ngezigaba ezintathu zokulungela.. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ibhokisi elinamandla ngaphandle kwephansi (ubukhulu bokulinganiselwa: ukuphakama 1.5 m, ubude 6 m, ububanzi 2 m). Leli bhokisi lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu nendawo eyi-2X2, ukuze ukwazi ukusebenza ngaphakathi ngefosholo noma i-pitchfork. Umjikelezo womquba oqhubekayo uqukethe ukubeka isisindo esisha kwikhampasi lokuqala, umquba olungele ukusuka kugumbi lesithathu, nomquba womgumbi wesibili udluliselwa kwesithathu olukhululwayo.

Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi lapho inqwaba ye-peat evulekile, indunduma ibola ngokushesha, izinga lokushisa kuyo likhuphuka lifike ku-60-70 ° kanye nezibungu namaqanda abo ayafa. Ingxube yezindunduma nenhlabathi ayishisi. Ngakho-ke, i-decontamination, ama-compecal enhlabathi compomps angasetshenziswa kuphela ngemuva konyaka nesigamu.

Lapho ubeka izinto ezintsha, abalimi abanolwazi bathululela izingqimba ze-15-30 cm ngefulawa ye-phosphorite noma kalamula, bese beguqula umquba ekugcineni kwehlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla efudumele egumbini lokuqala, engeza isidlo sethambo noma i-superphosphate.

Kunezindlela eziningi zomquba. Kepha lapha, kubonakala ngathi, kufanelekile ukukhumbula amagama akwaM.V. Lomonosov: "Ngikhetha isipiliyoni esisodwa emibonweni engamakhulu ayisithupha ezelwe umcabango kuphela.". Umquba obunjiwe kahle ophekwe nganoma iyiphi indlela - umanyolo omkhulu.

Uma ngasizathu simbe ungayenzanga umquba, kodwa wakwazi ukuthenga umanyolo we-organic namaminerali, khona-ke bazohlinzeka ngama-apula akho namapheya ngokudla. Ekwindla, ngaphambi kokumba, hlakazisa umanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali engadini. Imithamo yamanyolo wamaminerali incike ebukhona bezakhi zokudla okunamaminerali enhlabathini kanye nesidingo sezitshalo. Ama-organic akasoze alimaza, ngoba kulokhu awenzi njengomthombo wezakhamzimba kuphela, kodwa futhi njengendlela yokuthuthukisa isimo somhlabathi somhlaba. Ukuze imitha ngayinye yesikwele yendawo izembiwe, nikeza 2 - 5 kg womquba obolile noma ama-150-300 g wokulahla kwezinyoni (ukubalwa okuhlanzekile - ngaphandle kukadoti). Ngokwemvelo, esimweni ngasinye, lezi zindlela ezilinganayo zingashintsha futhi kufanele zishintshe.

Ekwindla nasentwasahlobo yokuqala, indle exutshwe namanzi ingafakwa ngqo ngaphansi kwezihlahla zezithelo. Kuyiqiniso, kufanele zigxiliswe ngokushesha enhlabathini ukuze zijule ngokwanele, khona-ke ziyobola zingabi nabungozi ngesikhathi sokuvuna.

Ngakho-ke, ungathola kanjani ukuthi izitshalo zidinga izinto zamaminerali?

Kusukela maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, uchungechunge lwezifundo bebelokhu luqhubeka - kanjani futhi kanjani "ukondla" izithelo, kepha ngisho namanje le nkinga isalokhu iphuthumayo kakhulu. Iqiniso ngukuthi impendulo yalo mbuzo incike ekutheni inkambu yenzelwa kuphi futhi nini, futhi hhayi kuphela lapho kwenziwa ucwaningo ngomanyolo. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa "ingaqinisekiswa" isetshenziswa kuphela kulezo zimo ezitholwe kuzo. Kepha ngisho nalapha bazoba kakhulu, balinganise kakhulu uma kungenzeka bashintshe kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, isimo sezulu. Ngakho-ke zonke izincomo ezilinganiselwe (futhi azikwazi ukuba abanye) izincomo ezenzelwe inhlabathi efanayo nezindawo zesimo sezulu zinemibandela kakhulu.

Hhayi, uyithola kanjani idatha efanelekile?

Ekutshaleni izingadi ezisebenzayo, namuhla basebenzisa kakhulu ukubonwa okubonakalayo (iso). Umlimi wegadi ongayisebenzisa naye angayisebenzisa. Itholakala kunoma yimuphi umuntu oqaphelayo. Kususelwa ekubonisweni kwangaphandle kokudla okunganele noma okweqile, okuvezwa ekushintsheni kombala wamaqabunga, ukubukeka kwawo kwamabala, imivimbo, izicubu ezifa nokunye ukuphambuka ngokuvela kwezitshalo kusuka kokujwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunoma yisiphi isakhi, izinguquko ekubukekeni kwezitshalo uma kwenzeka zingondleki kahle zimpawu. Isibonelo, ngokudla indlala okuqinile kwe-calcium esihlahleni sama-apula, ukukhula kwezimpande kuncipha, baba amafushane ngendlela engafani nalutho, kuthatha isimo sezinsimbi.

Uma isihlahla sama-apula singenayo i-nitrogen, khona-ke ukukhula kwawo kuyancipha, amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala wawo oluhlaza bese aphuzi. Izimpawu zokuqala zokuntuleka kwe-potassium ziyefana nangokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen, futhi ngokuzayo - ukubonakala kwesiqeshana esimnyama onsomi emaphethelweni amaqabunga, ukwakheka kwamahlumela amancane. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokushoda kwe-phosphorus ukungaluki okubuthakathaka nokukhula kabi kwezitshalo, amaqabunga amnyama, umthunzi obomvu wokusika kwabo kanye nemithambo engaphansi komhlaba, ngendlala ebabazekayo - ukwakheka kwezindawo ezinombala ophuzi nanohlaza obumnyama.

Pear (Pear)

Lapho ukuntuleka kwamakhemikhali kukhona, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyadingeka.

Hhayi-ke, usayixazulula kanjani le nkinga: ukondla umuthi we-aphula noma ukungondli lapho yonke into ibonakala ihlelekile.Okokuqala, zama ukuthola isivuno esingaba khona ngokuqhakaza izimbali. Bala ukuthi mangaki egatsheni elilodwa, ubone ukuthi mangaki amagatsha angaka esihlahleni. Izimbali ezinhlanu zakha ihlumela ngalinye. Manje usungabala ukuthi zingaki izimbali ezingalindelwa esihlahleni. Kuyiqiniso, akuzona zonke izimbali ezinikeza i-ovary. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, ezihlahleni ezivuthiwe, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, i-ovary ewusizo icishe ibe yi-10%, kwabasha - 15-20%. Njengoba sesilinganise isisindo sithelo esisodwa, kulula ukubona ukuthi ulindelwe yisiphi isivuno. Lokhu kubalulekile ekubaleni isidingo samanyolo, amanzi wokunisela ...

Nawa amanye amathiphu asebenzayo wokuhlakulela abalimi abangazange amehlo abo agcwele ku-diagnostics wokubuka. Ngezimbali ezilinganiselwe noma ezimbalwa, siza isihlahla ukubopha izithelo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka.. Enye yale mithi emithathu elandelayo ilungele lokhu: isixazululo se-0,01% se-boric acid (1 g nge-10 lamalitha amanzi), isixazululo se-0,02% se-zinc sulfate noma i-manganese sulfate, kanye nengxube ethembekile kakhulu yazo zonke izixazululo ezintathu. Vele, esimeni sokugcina, sinciphise umthamo ngamunye wabo ukuze ukuqoqwa okuphelele kungabi ngaphezu kwe-0,02%.

Uma ukukhula kwesihlahla sama-aphula kuncishisiwe futhi amaqabunga ephenduka aphuzi (uphawu oluqinisekile lokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen), engeza amagremu ama-20 e-urea ebhakedeni lamanzi lapho ufafaza. Isixazululo sakhe esingu-0.5% (50 g nge-10 l lamanzi) isixazululo (ngaphandle kokulandela umkhondo) ezinsukwini eziyishumi ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kuhle ukuphakela izihlahla zeapula futhi. Futhi lapho i-ovary ngokweqile iwa, yondla izihlahla ngomanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali. Ingasakazeka emhlabathini omanzi, noma kangcono, ubaphonse ngesisombululo sokuhlushwa okuphansi (0.3-0.5%).

Iseluleko esijwayelekile: sebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali ngokucophelela, ungawudli ngokweqile. Njengomthetho, kungcono ukucishe ukondla, kunokudla ngokweqile (kunesisho sakudala: uma kungenjalo ngokulinganisa, noju luba yi-bile kithi). Impela, emhlabathini kungenzeka kube nenani elanele lezakhi zomuntu ngamunye noma noma ngokweqile kwazo. Kulokhu, ukwethulwa kwalezi zinto kuzobe kungakulungele ngokuphelele konke kusuka kumbono wezomnotho futhi ngoba umanyolo ungakhulisa okuqukethwe kwezakhi kufinyelela ezingeni elingaba yingozi ezitshalweni, futhi kamuva kumuntu odle izithelo ezigcotshwe ngezinto zamakhemikhali.

Isihlahla se-Apple (Malus)

Ngakho-ke, sicebisa futhi ukuthi sifunde ngokushesha okukhulu ngezimpawu ezibonakalayo ukunquma lokho okudingwa yisitshalo.

Ku- "Isahluko Sezimbali" zesikhumbuzo sezincwadi zasendulo zamaNdiya iDhammapada kunemigqa esebenza njengokuhlanganiswa nokwakhiwa kwengadi yesimanje: "Makangabheki amaphutha abanye, ukuthi yini eyenziwe futhi ayenziwanga abanye, kepha kulokho akwenzile futhi akwenzile yena.".

Umbhali: G. Rylov, Ozokhethwa Kwisayensi Yezolimo