Isitshalo esiqhakazayo se-arrowroot somndeni wakwaMarantov sikhula kahle, siphindaphindeka, futhi siqhakaza isikhathi eside ekhaya. Kwaqanjwa igama lakhe ngudokotela wase-botanist nodokotela wase-Italy uBartolomei Marant, owayephila ngekhulu le-16. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-26 zalesi sitshalo, ezibaluleke kakhulu ngosayizi waso omncane namahlamvu amakhulu amahle. Izitshalo ezihlobisa umhlobiso zidinga ukunakekelwa okuthile, izici esizokuxoxa ngazo kulesi sihloko.
UMaranta: incazelo ejwayelekile, izinhlobo, isithombe
Izwe eliyimbali exotic yingxenye eshisayo yaseNingizimu neCentral America kanye neWest Indies. Isitshalo se Miniature sikhula size sibe ngu-30 cm ukuphakama futhi kuhluke ezimpandeni ezinamanzi amaningi, amahlumela aqondile noma anwabuzelayo namaqabunga okusaqanda kakhulu akhula kuma-petioles. Ngokuya ngohlobo, ipuleti lamaqabunga lihlotshiswe izindawo ezinsundu ezinsundu, amabala anemigqa ephindwe kabili noma imivimbo ekhanyayo emthanjeni ophakathi nendawo.
Ngasohlangothini olungaphezulu, isizinda seqabunga singaba luhlaza obumnyama, luhlaza okotshani, noma sibomvu. Uhlangothi olungehla phezulu ngombala luhluke kakhulu. Inhlanganisela yombala yamabala nemithambo etholakala emaqabungeni ifana kakhulu namaphethini weqabunga lekhodi yokuhlobisa. Isitshalo siqhakaza ngezimbali ezimhlophe nezikhanyayo ze-lilac entwasahlobo noma ehlobo.
Imbali ye-arrowroot yaziwa ngabaningi ngeqiniso lokuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle zokukhula amaqabunga ayo awadalulwa, futhi uma isitshalo sintula ukukhanya noma umswakama, amaqabunga asongeka abe ama-rosette avaliwe futhi welulele phezulu. Kulokhu, imbali inegama lesibili - "Ukuthandaza Grass". Ngenxa yalokhu, kunenkolelo yokuthi imbali yomkhuleko ekhulele endlini iyakwazi ukuvikela umndeni ezingxabanweni, idale umoya omuhle futhi ihlanze kusuka emizweni engemihle.
Izinhlobo ze-arrowroot
Ekhaya, izinhlobo ezimbili ze-arrowroot zivame ukukhula kakhulu. Le yi-tricolor arrowroot, eyaziwa nge-tricolor ne-toni-tone ezimbili. Kepha abathandi abaningi bezitshalo zomndeni wakwaMarantov bakhulisa ezinye izinhlobo zalembali eshisayo.
I-Arrowhead tricolor (tricolor). Isitshalo sokuhlobisa siyisihlahla, ubukhulu baso singamasentimitha angama-30 ukuphakama nobubanzi. Amacembe ama-Downy afinyelela ku-12 cm ubude futhi ube nesimo sokusaqanda. Isizinda sohlangothi olungaphezulu lwesitsha seqabunga simnyama noma siluhlaza okhanyayo. Iphethini lamaqabunga liqukethe imithambo ebomvu namabala aluhlaza amnyama eduze namabala aluhlaza asobala nawokukhanya okuphakathi kwemithambo ephakathi. Amapuleti amaqabunga aphansi anombala we-raspberry nemithambo epinki. I-arrowroot tricolor iqhakaza ngezimbali zohlobo lwe-lilac hue.
I-arrowroot yimisindo emibili. Lesi sitshalo esingafani nalu kwesinye isikhathi siyahluka ngoba asakhi izimpande. Amaqabunga ayo afinyelela ku-15 cm ubude ahlukaniswa ngama-petioles amafushane, imiphetho ye-wavy nesimo esisetshenzisiwe. Ngokwesizinda esiluhlaza sepuleti lamaqabunga, amabala ansundu atholakala ngaphezulu. Amacembe angezansi ambozwe izinwele futhi ane-tint ebomvu.
I-arrowroot ingumhlanga. Isitshalo sokuhlobisa isihlahla esingaphezulu kwesihlobo esingamamitha. Izimpande zalo ezinobukhulu bukhulu, futhi amaqabunga amade angama-ovoid futhi akhula afinyelela kuma-25 cm. Ipuleti leqabunga elikhonjiswe phezulu luhlaza ngombala omnyama futhi embozwe izinwele. Entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, kuvela izimbali ezimhlophe kulesi simila.
Maranta Kerhoeven. 25 cm herbaceous zisetshenziswa izimpande zamaqabunga amafushane ahlukene, amaqabunga e-oval afinyelela ku-15 cm ubude nezimbali ezimhlophe ezimhlophe ezimhlophe. Phezulu, ipuleti lamaqabunga linemvelaphi ekhanyayo eluhlaza okotshani, lapho amabala aluhlaza omnyama nemithende emhlophe itholakala eduze kwethambo eliphakathi nendawo. Ngaphansi kweshidi kunokushintshwa kusuka kokubomvu kuye kohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
UMaranta: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, isithombe
UMaranta uthanda ukukhanya okukhanya okukhanyayo, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukubeka imbali efasiteleni noma eduze kwamawindi abheke empumalanga noma ngasentshonalanga kwendlu. Ehlobo, isitshalo siyadingeka ishibhile kusuka ntambama. Ngaphandle kwalokho, iqabunga leqabunga lizokwehla ngosayizi, iphethini yokuqhathanisa izobuna, futhi amaqabunga anciphile. Ebusika, imbali idinga ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe, okunganikezwa nge-Photolamp.
Umswakama kanye lokushisa
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba, ekhaya, i-arrowroot kufanele igcinwe emazingeni okushisa omoya ebangeni + lama-21- + 26 degrees. Ekwindla nasebusika, izinga lokushisa kufanele lehliswe ku-18- + 23 degrees. Izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-+12 degrees esitshalweni liyalimaza. Ukufa imbali kungaholela lokushisa ngokweqile kanye okusalungiswa.
Ama-arrowroots akhula endlini agcina umphumela wawo wokuhlobisa ngomswakama womoya olinganiselayo. Kodwa-ke, lapho unakekela isitshalo, kufanele fafaza amaqabunga amahlandla amabili kuya kwamathathu ngosuku ngamanzi afudumele, ahleliwe. Ukwandisa umswakama ozungeze imbali, ungathatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Beka imbiza esikhwameni ngamatshe amanzi, ubumba olwandisiwe noma i-peat. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi izimpande azithinti ukugcwaliswa.
- Beka isitsha noma umswakama ogcwele amanzi eduze nembali.
- Ngezinsuku ezishisayo nasemagumbini anama-radiator asebenzayo, i-arrowroot ingahlanzwa eshishini, ngemuva kokumboza inhlabathi ebhodweni nge-polyethylene.
Uma umoya osendlini womile kakhulu, iphethini iyayeka ukuhlukaniswa, amaqabunga alahlekelwa ithoni, futhi amathiphu abo aqala ukoma.
Ukunisela nokondla
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, izitshalo ziniselwa kakhulu ngamanzi ahleliwe emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. Ekwindla nasebusika, lesi sitshalo siniselwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi umhlabathi ongaphezulu womile. Lapho unakekela i-arrowroot, udinga ukubhekaukuze kungabikho manzi epanini. Amanzi ageleza ngemuva kokunisela kufanele akhishwe ngokushesha.
Ama-Arrowheads ayondliwa njalo emavikini amabili. Kulokhu, kusetshenziselwa umanyolo wamaminerali nowokuhlobisa izitshalo zokuhlobisa nezifanele, okufanele zishintshwe. Izisombululo ze-Bait zethulwa kuphela ngemuva kokunisela imbali.
Inhlabathi nokufakelwa kwe-arrowroot
Umhlabathi wokukhula ama-arrowroots ungalungiswa ekhaya, uxubanise lokhu ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo:
- ishidi lomhlaba;
- humus;
- Peat.
Kuhlanganiswa umhlaba omncane namalahle enhlanganisweni yobumba ephumela lapho.
Inhlabathi ingaba yinto ehlukile. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kokulungiselela:
- umhlaba wensimu - izingxenye ezi-3;
- isihlabathi esihlanganayo - ingxenye eyi-1;
- i-peat - izingxenye eziyi-1.5.
Amalahle amancane kakhulu afakwa enhlanganisweni enjalo yobumba.
Lapho unakekela i-arrowroot ekhaya kanye njalo emva kweminyaka emibili, lesi sitshalo kufanele sidluliselwe emabhodweni abanzi kakhudlwana. Imbali ikhula kancane, ngakho-ke, akudingi ukufakelwa okujwayelekile. I-Transshipment yenziwa ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli kumabhodwe amasha, okufanele abe amasentimitha ambalwa kunalawo angaphambilini. Phansi kwembiza, amanzi athululwa ngokuqinisekile athululelwa.
UMaranta: ukuzalanisa
Ekhaya, lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokusika noma ngokuhlukaniswa.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika
Ukuthola ukusikwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ingxenye enamaqabunga amabili noma amathathu inqunywa ihlumela elincane. Ingxenye kufanele ibe ngu-7-8 cm ubude.Ukusikwa kufakwe esitsheni samanzi athambileko ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ngemuva kwenyanga, kufanele athathe izimpande, bese ingatshalwa ebhodweni nge peat. Ukwakha umphumela wokugcina ukushisa nokusinda okungcono, ama-petioles ambozwe ngesiqukathi esibonakalayo noma isikhwama sepulasitiki ngaphezulu. Banakekele ukugcina umhlabathi umswakama.
Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe
Lapho udlulisa isitshalo, isihlahla esidala singahlukaniswa izingxenye ezimbili. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimali izimpande. U-Delenki otshalwe emabhodweni we-peat ogcwele izitho zangasese. Imbali iyaniselwa, ifakwa ebhodweni esikhwameni sepulasitiki futhi iboshwe ngesihle. Kunjalo i-mini greenhouse kufanele igcinwe egumbini elifudumele. Iphakethe lisuswa ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amancane. Ngaphambi kokuba zivele, ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kuqukethe ukufakwa komoya nsuku zonke komhlaba nokuwugcina uswakeme.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona nge-arrowroot ekhulayo
Emakamelweni abandayo nangokunisela kaningi okusindayo, izitshalo ziqala ukubola izimpande neziqu. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ihlelwe kabusha endaweni efudumele ngaphandle kokusalungiswa futhi inciphise nokunisela.
Amaqabunga omile anewebu yesigcawu esinamathelayo akhombisa ukuthi imbali iyathinteka yisibungu sesicabucabu. Uma lesi sitshalo singalashwa, lapho amaqabunga ezoqala ukuwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izikhala zesicabucabu ziqeda amakhambi abantu noma ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali akhethekile. Njengomuthi wendabuko, kusetshenziswa ukumfaka nsuku zonke ugarlic, i-dandelion, i-yarrow noma u-anyanisi. Uma lokhu kungasizi, khona-ke lesi sitshalo siphathwa nge-Actelik.
Amathiphu omile kanye namahlamvu aphuzi kungenzeka kukhombisa ukuthi imbali idinga umoya omanzi. Kulokhu, amaqabunga kufanele afafazwe kaningi futhi ezinye izindlela zokwandisa umswakama ekhaya kufanele zifakwe.
Ngokukhanya kwelanga okuningi, amaqabunga e-arrowroot angahle abe mhlophe. Ukuze baphinde bathole umbala wabo wokuhlobisa, imbali ibekwe endaweni enomthunzi. Uma lokhu kungasizi, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokukhula lesi sitshalo kumele sondliwe.
Akunakwenzeka ukubiza i-arrowroot ngesitshalo esingaphakathi esisondelene. Ukuze imbali eshisayo ijabulise abaphathi isikhathi eside futhi ihlobise indlu ngamaqabunga ayo okuhlobisa, yena ukunakwa njalo nokunakekelwa kuyadingeka ngayo yonke imithetho.
