IBabiana ikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Afrika. Uhlobo luhlanganisa nezinhlobo ezingama-60 zezitshalo ezisetshenziswayo eziphansi ezinama-corms, ezijatshulelwe yizimbungulu ezijabulayo ukuzidla.
Okuthandwa ukunambitheka kwabatshali bezimbali kungokwenhlobo yezinhlobo eziqondile ze-babian, futhi nguyena ithandwa kakhulu.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
UBabiana uqonde ine-corm efinyelela ku-2 cm ububanzi ngentamo ende. Unokudubula okuqondile okuqondile okungu-15-30 cm (ukuphakama kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane kufakiwe nalolu luhlu) kanye ne-xiphoid pubescent foliage. Amaqabunga abanzi afana ne-gladiolus ne-tigridia. Izimbali ezimise okomshini ongu-3 cm ubude ngama-tubules zakha amabhulashi aminyene (kusuka ku-5 kuma-inflorescence), adwetshwe ngombala obomvu noma onsomi. Ukubuka kuqhakaza isikhathi esingangenyanga, kusukela ngo-Agasti-Septhemba.
Okubanzi kakhulu yizinhlobonhlobo ezitshaliwe ze-babiana ngqo - babkah stricta enamaqabunga amise okwezinkanyezi afaka iphunga elimnandi. Kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo (i-babiana stricta mix, i-babiana stricta mix elula njalonjalo) umbala wezimbali ungohluka kakhulu, kuyilapho onsomi nobubende buvela kaningi kunabanye.
Kufakwe babiana - Isivakashi esingajwayelekile emibhedeni yezimbali. Lolu hlobo luphawulwa izimbali ze-tubular violet ezi-5 cm ubude nezikhungo ezimhlophe noma ezinokhilimu.
Kungena uBabiana Akubukeki kucocekile kakhulu ngemuva kwesizinda sezinye izinhlobo. Amagqabi anemithambo evelayo embozwe izinwele, futhi ama-inflorescence ahlanganiswe ngezimbali ezimise okwenkezo ezinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omhlophe, onsomi futhi, kwesinye isikhathi, izimbali zikakhilimu.
IBabiana ibomvu okwesibhakabhaka iqala ukuqhakaza kusukela ekugcineni kobusika. Amaqabunga amancanyana anemithambo yi-pubescent, futhi umbala wezimbali kusuka ekushintsheni okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya obomvu engxenyeni ephakathi.
Ukutshala kweBabiana nokunakekela endaweni evulekile
Ukuze i-babiana itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile kahle, kuyadingeka ukunamathela ekujuleni okudingayo kwebanga nebanga phakathi kwawo. Zingama-cm cm angama-cm ayi-10 cm ngokulandelana. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhetha uzungu lokukhula lapho isitshalo singadingi ukubhekana nemimoya ebandayo.
Amazinga okushisa angama-22 ℃ kuya ku-30 ℃ aqinisekisa ukukhula kwesitshalo, kepha amazinga okushisa aphezulu awemukelekile, futhi uphendula kuwo ngokulahla ama-buds asevele ethelwe.
Omunye omele umndeni wakwa-Iris yiTigridia, ekhula ngesikhathi sokutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile. Kulinywayo akusilo umthwalo, kepha kudinga ukubheka eminye imiqondo yokunakekelwa. Iziphakamiso zokutshala nokunakekelwa kwalesi sitshalo esihlukile zingatholakala kule ndatshana.
Ukunisela izingane
Ngesikhathi sokukhula, kudingeka unisele imfene njalo, ukuvimba inhlabathi ukuba ingashisi. Lapho iqhakaza, ukuchelela kufanele kube miningi ngenxa yokuthi uma inhlabathi ingamanzi ngokwanele, ukukhula nokukhula kwezimbali kuzokwehla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahlamvu kufanele afafazwe ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku olulodwa, ikakhulukazi emlilweni.
Inhlabathi ye-babiana
Ukukhanya, umhlaba onothile onothile onamamitha amahle iyindlela engcono yokutshala.
Umswakama kufanele umunxwe kahle futhi ubanjwe endaweni yezimpande, ukuze isihlabathi sixubaniswe nomhlabathi ohlanganiswe ngokwedlulele.
Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi ifudumezwe kahle ngesikhathi sokutshala.
Ukudlulisa babiana
Lapho sikhulisa imfene emhlabathini ovulekile, kwesinye isikhathi siyatshalwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukujula kokuma okuzinzile.
Lokhu kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ezimweni ezithile ngonyaka) futhi kunomthelela ekubukekeni kwezimbali ezinkulu, ezinemibala ekhanyayo.
Umanyolo we-babiana
Umanyolo wezimbiwa kufanele usetshenziswe kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7 ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali. Phakathi kwezinto zokwakheka komanyolo, amasheya amakhulu kunawo wonke kufanele abelwe i-potassium ne-phosphorus, kanye nezincane kune-nitrogen ne-magnesium.
Njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14, kunconyelwa ukuthambisa inhlabathi ngezinto eziwuketshezi (isibonelo, isixazululo sokwehla kwezinyoni).
Babiana ebusika
Ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali emfishane, izingxenye zomoya zesitshalo ziyafa, futhi kuze kube yilapho sekulahliwe wonke amahlamvu, ukuthambisa ngokulingana kufanele kuqhubeke.
Ngemuva kwalokho u-anyanisi angafafazwa ngesihlabathi noma nge-peat bese kwesokunxele ukufihla emhlabathini, noma ungakuhambisa egumbini elipholile elinokushisa kwe-10-12 ℃ ukuze ligcinwe. Imbiza ilunge ngokuphelele njengethangi lesitoreji.
Ezindaweni eziningi zezifunda zaseRussia Federation, i-babiana ebusika isendaweni evulekile. Amathuba okuphumelela kobusika angaphumelelanga anda kuphela ezimweni ezinjalo, lapho ikhava yeqhwa ebusika lehlika lingaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-40. Ukukhoseliswa okungeziwe kusuka amahlumela amasha we-spruce kuleli cala akulimazi.
Babiana emva kobusika
Uma owesifazane ebanda emhlabathini ovulekile nendawo yokukhosela, entwasahlobo kufanele akhishwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba iqhwa selincibilikile. Lokhu kuvimbela ukufakwa kwamabala ama-bulbs kanye namahlumela.
Uma lesi sitshalo sigcinwe ngaphakathi ebusika, khona-ke ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Ephreli, ama-bulbs atshalwa kabusha (mhlawumbe endaweni entsha) futhi izinqubo zokuthambisa ziyaqala ukusetshenziswa, kancane kancane zilethe kwabasejwayelekile.
Ukuzala babiana
Ukuzalaniswa kwezingane kubhekelwa ikakhulukazi ngezilimo eziyizigaxa, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukukhulisa lesi sitshalo ngembewu. Isibonelo esitholakala kusuka ezinhlanzini sibonisa ngokukhula kancane futhi siyakwazi ukuqhakaza ngaphambi konyaka 3, noma ngabe sinakekelwa kahle.
Kulokhu, basebenzisa indlela ephumelela kakhudlwana yokuzala, ngokususelwa ekwahlukaniselweni okucocekile kwezingane ezikhula ezungeze isibani sikamama phakathi nenkathi. Ukwahlukaniswa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, ngaphambi nje kokwehla komhlaba, ukuze izingane zingalimali.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Izinambuzane ezinambuzane zingadala umonakalo omkhulu empilweni yezitshalo, okuvezwe kuyo emangele futhi ukuntuleka kwezimbali.
Kulezi, zihlukaniswa ngokukhethekile gladiolus thrips, umkhaza wezimpande onamandla amakhulu, ama-aphid, isicabucabu mite futhi mealybug.
Owokuqala uyingozi kakhulu, uphuza ujusi wezitshalo, uyakubangela ophuzi futhi ngokulandelayo ukufa. Amahlumela athintekile, amaqabunga nezinhlamvu (ngaphambi kokuba kuthunyelwe kwisitoreji) kufanele kufafazwe ngesisombululo se-decis.
Isilokazane sesibili sihlasela ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba. Uma kuhlolwa ama izilonda ezincane, zimanzi kakhulu inambuzane isikhathi esingamahora ayi-12, kuthi uma kukholakala isilonda esiphelele, ishubhu liyasuswa ukuze kugwenywe ukutheleleka ngezinhlobo ezinempilo.
Ezinye izinambuzane kunqunywa ubukhona be amabala amnyama futhi isicabucabu webs. Ama-insecticides ayasebenza ekuwalawuleni.
Kwesinye isikhathi imvukuzane iyeka ukumjabulisa izimbali, okubonisa kumhlwanyeli ukuthi kudingeka kudluliselwe kwelinye izwe noma kuvikelwe umoya ngesivuno esinde.
