Umuthi omkhulu usuvele uyinhlanganisela yezindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba. Isihlahla esinjalo esizeni "sisebenza" hhayi nje kuphela, kepha futhi siba iphuzu "eliqondisayo" elibonakalayo lendawo ezungezile. Ngezinsuku zakudala kwakuyisiko ukutshala ama-linden, u-willow, i-birch noma umlotha eduze kwendlu. Ukubuya, umniniyo ekude wabona le ndlu yesibani eluhlaza. Umuthi wasinda ngaphezu kwesizukulwane esisodwa sabanikazi bendlu, waba othandeka kakhulu kuso kangangokuba isandla asiphakamanga ukusigawula. AmaBrithani afanayo, amakhosi amakhulu wemiklamo yezakhiwo zomhlaba, awakaze agawule izihlahla ezindala, noma ngabe azihambisani nezinqumo ezintsha zabanikazi bezindawo. Kulokhu, ngokunokwenzeka, indlela igobile, ihlala esihlahleni-inzalamizi. Ngoba bacabanga ukuthi: ukuhlonipha izihlahla ezindala ukuhlonipha umlando namasiko awo.
I-Amur Velvet, noma i-Amur Fellodendron, noma isihlahla se-Amur Cork (Phellodendron amurense).
Ukunikezwa kwezihlahla ezinkulu "ezingabhaliswa" kumasayithi enkabeni yeRussia kukhulu impela. Lezi akuzona izihlahla kuphela zezinhlobo zethu eziningi zamahlathi, kodwa futhi nenani elikhulu lezethulo: amantongomane (grey, Siebold, Manchurian), amabha, isifuba samahhashi, oki kwezilwandle, iziqhingi nomlotha. Kusuka kuConifers: fir, i-spruce, uphayini, kufaka phakathi umsedari, amanga angamanga, i-larch. Futhi kunjalo I-Amur velvet.
Ngesinye isikhathi, lapho ngifunda incwadi ehlotshiswe ngokucebile ngumbhali waseBrithani ekwakhiweni kwengadi, ngathola isithombe sinombhalo wesiLatini "Phellodendron amurense", okuwukuthi, "umuthi we-Amur cork." Umuthi onamandla onesiqu esimbili se-girth namagatsha anamandla, wehla ngesineke phezulu, wakhula etshanini lesiNgisi elisicaba.
Umuthi wonke awuzange ungene kulolo hlaka, kepha izinhlwayiya ezikhulayo zamagxolo zazihlukaniswa kahle, zikhuluma kahle ngobudala bakhe obuhlonishwayo. Izihlahla nezimbali zazikhula zizungeze, kepha bekucacile ukuthi ukwakheka kwakheka nxazonke zalezi zinzalamizi, futhi nokuzisusa, uzungu lwalungeke lube yize. I-Amur velvet (njengoba lesi sihlahla ibizwa kanjalo lapha) ngiyijwayela, kepha bheka bekubukeka ngandlela thile ngendlela entsha, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obungajwayelekile.
I-Amur velvet.
Kepha abaseBrithani bayakwazi ukuletha ubuso bezimpahla, bengicabanga. Kepha ngibe sengikhumbula izihlahla ezikhula endaweni yethu eVladimir, ngacabanga. Kepha cha, eyethu ayisiyimbi, yize kusobala ukuthi iphansi ngosayizi. Indawo encane ye-velvet isivele ineminyaka engama-30 ubudala, njengoba ihlala edolobheni lethu etshanini eliphambi kweyunivesithi yezobuchwepheshe. Ngaphansi kwethunzi elihlakazekile lomqhele wabo, utshani bukhula kahle, lapho ngicabanga ukuthi, abafundi bakhululeke ukulala phansi. Izihlahla zikhula njengeqembu eline-sparse, ngakho-ke ungayi kude kakhulu. Esikhathini esiningi, iziqu zazo ezinamandla ziyavela zingabonakali emhlabathini, ukukhula kwegatsha kuqala ngaphezu kokukhula komuntu, kanti imiqhele ebunjiwe ngesambulela isendaweni ethile ngenhla. Ezingeni leso, i-grove isobala ngokuphelele.
Kunobuhle obuhehayo ngeziqu ze-Amur velvet. Imidwebo yamagatsha futhi ikakhulukazi amagxolo, okuvela kuwo ubukhazikhazi besihlahla esidala,
Kumele ngithi endaweni ephakathi nendawo, izihlahla ze-Amur velvet zikhula zincanyana, zifinyelela kubude obuyi-10-12 m, kaningi zimane zedlula kancane isihlahla esikhulu sama-apula. Ubusika bukaFrosty ngezikhathi ezithile bulimaza ukukhula konyaka, kepha lokhu akuphazamisi ukukhula kwabo. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza futhi zithela izithelo cishe njalo ngonyaka. Isibonelo, ubusika obunzima be-2005-2006 abuzange buthinte i-velvet yethu nakancane.
I-Amur Velvet, noma i-Amur Fellodendron, noma isihlahla se-Amur Cork.
Endle, i-Amur velvet ikhula eMpumalanga Ekude, ifinyelela entshonalanga emfuleni i-Zeya. Ngaphandle kweRussia, itholakala eChina naseJapan.
Umuthi we-cur we-Amur ungowomndeni wezimpande. Isici esibonakalayo sesitshalo salo mndeni yiphunga esivela kuzithelo namaqabunga. Khumbula ama-citruse amnandi, irayisi elimnandi, isihlahla somlotha - isitshalo ngasinye esinephunga laso. IVelvet iphunga njengamaqabunga nezithelo. Awukwazi ukuthi ukunuka kwawo kumnandi, kepha uzizwa kuphela uma uthinta amaqabunga noma izithelo noma uzihlikihla.
Ngokwesiko, izihlahla ze-velvet zingasho ukuthi ziphansi futhi zizolingana ngisho nasengxenyeni enamamitha-skwele-skwele. Amaqabunga esihlahla aqukethe i-5-13 lanceolate, enesisekelo esiyindilinga nesihloko esidwetshwe ngaphezulu kwamapheshana. Kuyimpawu ukuthi i-velvet esiyigqoka ngamahlamvu kamuva kunezihlahla zezinye izinhlobo, futhi ivezwe okokuqala ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
Izithelo ze-Amur VelvetIzimbali ze-Velvet zincane impela, ziluhlaza okotshani, zingalingani. Futhi umuthi eziqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, cishe inconspicuous kubantu. Kepha uheha izinyosi, ngokuba yi-nectaron enhle. By endleleni, velvet ubuye isitshalo okwelapha.
Izithelo ze-velvet ziyindilinga, zibunjiwe, zinobuso obukhulu obugqwebile, lapho sezivuthiwe zimnyama, zinobubanzi obungaba ngu-1 cm. Ngaphansi kwezimo zethu, zivuthwa kuphela ngo-Okthoba futhi azindiza kuze kube maphakathi nobusika.
Umuthi wekhukhunathi wase-Amur uyipaki elihle lokuzalela elinamaqabunga amahle nomkhuba. Kodwa igxolo elincane eli-furrowed light grey, ngokumangalisa ukuthambile, lithinta iso ngokukhethekile. Ikhokhonathi yobuchwepheshe yenziwa kusuka ebubanzini be-Amur velvet, bayinciphisa ngokucophelela futhi bayisuse ngezendlalelo ukuze kungalimali ungqimba lwebhasta. Ingqimba yekakhokho iqala ngokushesha. Kepha lolu lwazi kuphela ongalucubungula, kepha angikakucebisi ukuthi wenze umsebenzi onjalo esihlahleni sakho.
Kulula ukukhula i-Amur velvet. Iyakubekezelela ukufakelwa kahle (yize impande ingumgogodla, evumela ukuthi ibambelele ngokuqinile emhlabathini). IVelvet ikhula ngokushesha, izithombo ngonyaka zigxuma uphawu lwe-0.5-0.6 m, futhi ngamabili zingafinyelela ubude bamamitha elilodwa nesigamu. IVelvet ifuneka ekuvundeni kwenhlabathi, i-Photophilous, i-hygrophilous, Kepha iyabekezelela isomiso. Lesi sihlahla singatshalwa cishe kuyo yonke ingxenye yaseYurophu yeRussia (ngaphandle kwezifunda ezisenyakatho kanye ne-omile eningizimu), kanye nasezindaweni eziningi eningizimu yeSiberia.
I-Amur velvet.
Lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala i-Amur velvet, khumbula ukuthi isihlahla singaphila iminyaka engama-300. Ngakho-ke, akufanele itshalwe ezindaweni lapho i-perestroika yesikhathi esizayo nokubekwa kwezokuxhumana kungakulimaza. Ukusuka ezindleleni kufanele okungenani kube yi-3 m, kahle, cabanga ngomakhelwane, okungenza isithunzi esihlahleni sakho ngokuzayo.
Isendlalelo esihle kunazo zonke se-velvet yisilimo esidliwayo esinamandla Izinhlabathi ezinesihlabathi azifaneleki ngokuphelele. Lapho utshala, kufanele ugaye umgodi onobubanzi nokujula okungaba ngu-0.5-0.65 m, uwugcwalise ngengxube yenhlabathi yengadi, umhlabathi we-turf, humus nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso esilinganiselwe 2 2: 2: 2: 1. Kungcono ukutshala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla, kungakapheli maphakathi no-Septhemba. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungcono ukumba izitshalo ezivelayo ngokungacwabi kuze kube sentwasahlobo ukugwema ukufa eqandeni. Iminyaka efanelekile yokufakelwa iminyaka engu-1-2.
Nisela izitshalo njalo, ugcine inhlabathi umswakama. Ngokuzayo, "phuza" kuphela esomeni. Umanyolo nokugqoka okuphezulu kuy ezifiseleka, kepha engxenyeni yokuqala kuphela yehlobo. I-Amorous velvet izofanelana nanoma iyiphi into ebolile evela kumanyolo kanye nokugcwalisa umanyolo wamaminerali ngobuningi ngaphansi komqhele, kulandele ukumba.
Isithombo esisha se-Amur Velvet.
Ngenelela ngokucophelela ekukhuleni komqhele we-Amur velvet, ugweme amanxeba amakhulu. Izihlahla kufanele zenziwe entwasahlobo, amanxeba kufanele ambozwe ngokushesha nge-var. Inhloso yokuthena izihlahla ukwakha okuphezulu, okungagxiliwe ekuphakameni komuntu shtamb ukugcizelela ubuhle besiqu. Kodwa-ke, awukwazi ukuphazamisa ngokuphelele ukukhula kwesihlahla, muhle ngokwaso, noma ngabe wakhiwa "ngokubona kwawo."
Kuyasiza ukukhulula nokuhlanganisa umbuthano wesiyingi, kodwa futhi ungakha umhlabathi.
U-Amur velvet ubukeka emuhle otshanini. Imvelo yezihlahla ezincane zokuhlobisa njenge-thuja ephansi, i-privet, i-barberry yaseThunberg, i-spruce, i-juniper izomfanela. Izinkuni ze-Cork zihamba kahle nge-birch, imephu, oki futhi inhle kuzo zonke izinkathi zonyaka.
