Igama le-chocolate yase-chocolate eyaziwa kakhulu kubo bonke abantu abathanda ama-exotic engadini. Ngokuhambisana ne-kobe, uthi ungumgibeli ongathandeki kakhulu ongafanele. Ukuba yisitshalo esingathandeki kakhulu, akebia izizwe ingcono kakhulu ezingadini, kodwa emasikweni ebhodweni. Umbala oyingqayizivele wezimbali ezinkulu kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza ama-mjiko we-liana obukekayo alilahli ngendlela yegumbi. Futhi yize kungewona wonke umuntu ongakhula i-akebia, kulabo balimi abathanda imisebenzi ethokozisayo, lobu buhle basempumalanga bungatholakala.
Akebia quinata (Akebia quinata).
Igumbi Lokunakekela Ingadi Akebia Creeper
I-Akebia akuyona nje eyodwa yezitshalo zasendlini ezingandile, kodwa futhi imelela umndeni, ezinye izitshalo ezivela kuzo ezingatshalwa egumbini. Leli lian lingelamaLardizabalevs (Lardizabalaceae) - iqembu elimangalisayo lemivini ethambile evela eMpumalanga Ekude.
Emvelweni, akebias atholakala eChina kuphela, eJapan nasePeninsula yaseKorea. Bangabantu bangempela, abamele izimbali ezihlukile zase-East Asia. Kunezinhlobo zezitshalo eziyisithupha kuphela kuhlobo lwe-Akebia. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, kukhula uhlobo olulodwa kuphela - akeba amahlandla ayisihlanu (Akebia quinata) Yisitshalo lesi esisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo engadini.
Ama-Acebias adume kakhulu emhlabeni wonke njengemivini ye-chocolate noma imivini ye-chocolate. Isidlaliso esinjalo se-akebia asitholanga nhlobo umbala, yize izithunzi ezinsundu kuzo zivame ukugcwalisa imibala onsomi, futhi ngephunga lazo elincanyana, elicolekileyo noshokoledi.
Ama-akebias angawemivini ye-thermophilic semi-evergreen. I-Smooth, nsomi, enama-brown tint amahlumela amakhulu angadlula i-3 m, yize ngokwesiko lamagumbi i-liana ilinganiselwe kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ubude. Ukukhula ngokushesha kungenye yezinzuzo ezingabazeki ze-acebia, ukumvumela ukuthi afinyelele ekuhlobiseni okuphezulu ngesizini eyodwa kuphela.
Amahlamvu e-akebia abukeka kahle kakhulu. Amacembe ama-lesikhumba anemibala emihlanu ayakha i-lace ehle nemihlobiso, abukeka kahle kakhulu. Amacembe asezimpondweni ahlala eduze futhi anele ngokwanele, ukusikwa kusekude, kanti ama-lobes angama-obovate noma amise okwehla ngomphetho oyindilinga ngokuphelele. Umbala ogqamile ophakathi kokuluhlaza ohlangothini olungaphezulu lwamaqabunga acwebezelayo e-akebia uhlangana nohlangothi olungezansi oluluhlaza lwe matte. Ingadi Akebias iyizitshalo eziqabulayo, futhi emagumbini lezi zivini zinokugcina uhlaza.
Izimbali ze-akebia zifanele ukudunyiswa. Akuqali kuphela ekuqaleni kwemithi yemivini engadini - ngo-Ephreli, ngokukhanya okunganele - ngoMeyi, okuhlala kuze kube ngu-Agasti, futhi nokunakekelwa okuhle kuhlala cishe ngaphandle kwekhefu. I-akebia iqhakaza ngokubabazekayo. Izimbali ezimnandi nezangempela, azinkulu kangako, kodwa izimbali ezibonakalayo zesitshalo zikhanya ngokumelene nesizinda samaqabunga ngombala wazo onsomi onsomi.
Izimbali zabesifazane ze-Akebia ezinama-feri kathathu omnandi ziqoqwe emabhulashini amafushane, akumangazayo ngobuhle bokubukeka obumdaka kanye nesakhiwo esingajwayelekile. Ama-pedicel akhanyayo akhuphula amathoni ansomi-onsomi wezimbali. Izimbali zabesilisa zipinki elula, kulula ukuhlukanisa kuzo izimbali zesifazane onsomi ezikhanyayo.
Umuntu angaxabana ngokungapheli ukuthi iphunga lezimbali ze-acebia likhumbuza ushokoledi. Okumnandi, okune-vanilla-spice, noshokoledi, futhi ngesinye isikhathi amanothi wekhofi, iphunga lalobu buhle lingesinye sephunga elijabulisa kakhulu kuzo zonke izitshalo zasendlini.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, i-akebias ingaboshwa ibheke kancane njengamakhukhamba, aminyene, izithelo eziyinqaba ezifika ku-8 cm ubude, okumangazayo ngombala onsomi we-waxy. I-lax kanye ne-namanzi, iphunga elimnandi, i- "raspberry" akumangazi ngesakhiwo se-berry nembewu emnyama. Ngokwesiko lasekamelweni, izithelo zingenzeka kuphela nge-impova yokufakelwa (akebia ingeyizitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo) nangesikhathi esihle.
I-akebia iqhakaza kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti.
Izimo zokukhula acebia zasendlini
Ubunzima bodwa obuhambisana nokwakha indawo entofontofo ye-acebia yisidingo sokunikeza ubusika obupholile. Kepha uma kungenjalo, lo mvini uthobekile impela. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ukufinyelela komoya omusha - konke okudingayo ukuze kube nezimbali eziningi nokukhula ngokushesha. I-Akebia ayesabi amazinga okushisa ngokweqile, ayinamandla obandayo, ivumelanisa kahle namakamelo okuhlala.
I-Akebia ibhekwa njenge-exotica engavamile futhi imvame ukukhangiswa ngephutha njengesitshalo esingazizwa sihle ngaphandle kwengadi ebusika. Emakamelweni, lo mvini omkhulu ukhula ungabi kubi kakhulu kunethala noma esivandeni. Kuliqiniso, ubukhulu bayo bukwenza ucabangele ngokucophelela ukukhetha kokubekwa nokugcina ukulingana phakathi kosayizi wekamelo nesitshalo.
Ngenxa yokuqhakaza kwayo okungajwayelekile futhi okunomusa, nephunga, i-akebia iyisikhundla esihle sokubekwa emakamelweni okudlela, ezindaweni zokudlela, ezindaweni zokubala amakhishi, ekhishini, endaweni yokuphumula - lapho amakha ayo okuphuza umlomo ayoba afaneleke kakhulu.
Ehlobo, ama-acebias angaphakathi endlini azizwa emuhle kumakhakhanda avulekile, emathangeni nakuma-verandas.
Ukukhanyisa nokubekwa
I-Akebia ihlala ingenye yemivini ethanda kakhulu ilanga. Ekamelweni lakhe, udinga ukukhetha indawo ekhanyayo kunazo zonke endlini. Ama -akhebias, ama-windows aseningizimu noma angaphansi eningizimu akhetheka; ehlobo, ungafaka umvini ewindini lasentshonalanga. Kulokhu kwe-creeper, bakhetha indawo ukuze igcotshwe yilanga okungenani amahora ambalwa ngosuku. Ehlobo, ilanga lasemini nantambama lingalimaza amahlamvu, ngalesi sikhathi ukukhanya kungafani.
Ukukhanyisela okwenziwa akusiko okulesi sitshalo. Umsebenzi we-phytolamp awunxephezeli ngokuntuleka kokukhanya kwemvelo, ngakho-ke udinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile ekukhetheni kwendawo ye-akebia.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu, i-akebia ivame ukubhekwa njengesitshalo esisodwa. Eqinisweni, lapho enza ukwesekwa, i-akebia ifanela ngokuphelele eqoqweni, ingatshalwa ngisho neminye imivini odongeni oluhlaza noma kwizikrini. I-Akebia ingelinye lamanye ama-lianas asendlini angcono kakhulu wokudala isithunzi noma isikrini, kufaka phakathi lapho ebeka indawo ebalcony ebheke phezulu noma ehlukanisa indawo yokuzijabulisa nekona elisebenza kulo lonke igumbi.
Ukushisa nomoya omncane
Naphezu kwesimo sokushisa esithanda ukushisa phakathi kwezitshalo zasendlini, i-akebia ingenye ebanda kakhulu. Isitshalo sikubekezelela ukweqisa kwezinga lokushisa futhi singamelana nokubanda kwesikhashana esifushane kohlaka lwezinkomba ezingezinhle. I-Akebia kufanele isebusika ebumnyameni - ngenani lama-+12 degrees kanye namazinga afanele ukusuka ku-+8 kuya ku- +10 degrees.
Ama-Akebias awesabi okubhaliwe noma umehluko wokushisa. Ngisho nemivini engaphakathi ingahanjiswa emoyeni ovulekile kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo iye ekuweni ekuqaleni noma isetshenziswe kuma-loggias, amabalkcony kanye nethala.
Ukusuka ku-akebia ungakha i-bonsai.
Nakekela akebia ekhaya
Lesi sitshalo esihle nesingajwayelekile asikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi kunzima ukusinakekela. I-Akebia ayinqabile kokunisela nomswakama. Udinga ukunakwa nokuhlangana njalo noma ukuqondiswa. Ngaphandle kwezindlela zokulungisa noma zokubumba, liphulukana ngokushesha nomphumela walo wokuhlobisa. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngisho nomlimi oqalayo angakhula leli liana langaphakathi.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obukhulu nokukhula ngokushesha okukhulu, i-akebia ayidingi ukuthambisa okhuthele, iyasaba ukuthumela amanzi. I-Akebia ayigcini isikhundla samantshontsho amelana nesomiso esikweni lamagumbi; ukomiswa kwengxenye kungathinta kakhulu ukukhanga kwamaqabunga.
I-Akebia iniselwa kancane ngemuva kokuba umhlabathi ongaphezulu womile. Umswakama kufanele ube lula kepha uhlale njalo. Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo siniselwa kaningi ngesikhathi esiyi-1 ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. Ebusika, inhlabathi ivunyelwe ukucishe icishe yome phakathi kwamanzi.
I-akebia ayidingi umswakama ophezulu. Kepha phakathi kokusebenza kwezinhlelo zokushisa kanye ehlobo, kungcono ukufaka phakathi ukufafaza ohlelweni lokunakekelwa. Ngaphandle kwale nqubo, emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, lesi sitshalo singase sihlushwa ukomiswa kwamaphethelo amaqabunga.
Ukufakwa nokufakwa komanyolo
Umsoco we-acebia ubaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sinciphisa umhlabathi ngokushesha futhi nokunikezwa kwezakhi emhlabathini kumele kunxephezelwe. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwemivini, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngokuvama okungenani isikhathi esingu-1 kumaviki ama-2. Uma isitshalo sikhula ngokushesha okukhulu noma kunezimpawu zokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba, ehlobo imvamisa yokugqoka okuphezulu iguqulwa ibe yisikhathi esingu-1 ngesonto.
Ekuphumuleni, kungakuhle ukuthi i-acebia iyeke ngokuphelele ukugqoka okungaphezulu, kepha kuphela uma kungekho zimpawu zokuphonsa amaqabunga ngenxa yesigaxa sendawo esiphelelwe ngamandla. Uma i-liana idaluliwe, ungazama ukufaka ukugqoka okuphezulu kanye nokuvama kwesikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga ohlelweni lokuzilolonga - faka ukugqoka okungaphezulu okubuthakathaka ngesigamu ngemithamo yokunciphisa yomanyolo.
Umanyolo we-Universal, eyinkimbinkimbi ye-organo-mineral alungele kakhulu leli liana, ngoba ukulinganisela kwama-microelements amakhulu kubalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe ubuhle bokuluhlaza kwesitshalo.
I-Akebia ingenye yemivini ekhula ngokushesha.
Ukunciphisa nokubumba i-akebias
Amahlumela agobekayo futhi athambile, anobuhlakani awagcini ijamo lawo. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ukhule isitshalo ngaphandle kwe-garter. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kokusekelwa kuyiphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu lezitshalo ezikhulayo. I-Akebia uqobo iyakwazi ukuzisongela izisekelo, kepha emakamelweni kufanele iqondiswe futhi ilungiswe. Kubukeka kukuhle ezintweni ezinhle nezindonga, izisekeli ezinama-curly, amakholomu amakhulu noma izinsika.
I-Akebia isikwa minyaka yonke, ivuselela ukukhula kwamahlumela amasha kanye namagatsha amaningi. Imvamisa, lesi sitshalo sihanjiswa emva kwesizini esisebenzayo, kepha ungafeza le nqubo ngaphambi kokufakelwa (kuvumelekile ukunquma ngaphambi kokuvuthwa). Ukuthena kwenziwa, kushiya okungenani ingxenye yesithathu yobude bamahlumela, kufinyezwa kuphela phezulu noma kwakha izihlahla ezihlangene ngokwengeziwe. Amahlumela amade kakhulu, amade, angenalutho angancipha ngokuphelele.
Ukuthena amakhadinali nakho kuyindlela kuphela yokuvuselela isitshalo. Kungcono ukuphina amahlumela amancane noma unqume phezulu ukuze isitshalo singeluli kakhulu futhi sidedele ihlumela elisha.
Transplant kanye substrate
Ukufakwa kwe-akeba kwenziwa kanye njalo ngeminyaka emi-2 noma ngonyaka (uma izimpande zigcwalisa ngokuphelele i-substrate). Lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, uhlelo lwezimpande lunamandla, kanti nokufakelwa okungatheni akunconywa ukugcina ukukhula okujwayelekile ngenxa yokuncipha kwenhlabathi.
I-Akebia itshalwa ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi sokuphela, ngamagama ajwayelekile - ngoFebhuwari noma ngoMashi. Umthamo wethangi ukhuphuka ngosayizi owodwa ojwayelekile. Iziqukathi ze-acebia kufanele zibe banzi, ngokujula okuwedlula ubukhulu. Isihluthulelo salokhu ku-creeper ubukhona bezimbobo ezinamandla zokudonsa.
Ukuze uthole i-acebia, udinga ukukhetha inhlabathi ngokucophelela. Ukukhula okusheshayo kwesitshalo kudinga inhlanganisela yenhlabathi enempilo ngokweqile. Kepha okubaluleke kakhulu ukumelana nokuqanjwa, ukwakheka, ukuphefumula. Okwe-acebia, ungasebenzisa izingcezu ezikhethekile ezithengiwe zabasebenzi, engeza izithasiselo zokuvula okuyi-substrate yendawo yonke noma wenze ingxube ngokwakho. Ilungele ngokuphelele le nhlanganisela ye-liana ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo zesihlabathi, i-peat kanye nenhlabathi enamaqabunga. Ukusabela kwe-substrate kufanele kuhlale kungaphakathi kohlaka lwe-izinkomba ezinamandla kakhulu noma ezingathathi hlangothi.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, izitshalo ezimbizeni ziqinisekile ukulungisa okuxhaswayo. Zisungulwa ngisho nama-acebias amancane, ngoba i-liana ekhula ngokushesha iselulwe ngokumangazayo ezinyangeni zokuqala emva kokutshala. Kufanele iboshwe njalo esisekelweni futhi iqondiswe. I-Akebia idinga amanzi angaphezulu kakhulu futhi anezingcezu ezinkulu.
Izithelo ze-acebia.
Izifo, izilokazane nezinkinga kulinywe i-akebia
Isimo se-exotic yangaphakathi asivimbeli i-akebias ekuboniseni ukumelana okumangazayo. Lesi sitshalo sengadi, esihamba singena emakamelweni, sibonisa ukumelana okuhle nokuphambuka kusuka ezimeni, ekuphambukeni kwesikhathi esisodwa ekunakekelweni, kanye nanoma yiziphi izifo.
Ama-akebias nawo ayamelana nezilokazane, kepha angalimala ukutheleleka kweqoqo lonke lasekhaya kusuka kumhlophe, izimpondo, izibungu zesicabucabu kanye nezinambuzane ezikalwa ngazo. Lesi sitshalo sithathwa njengesinambuzane semvelo, futhi ngaphandle kwesimo esiphuthumayo sinomthelela empilweni yanoma yikuphi ukuqoqwa kwezitshalo (ikakhulukazi umphumela omuhle we-akebias uboniswa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo).
Ukuzalela kwe-Akebia
I-Akebia ivame ukusakazwa kuphela ngokuhlotshisiwe. Ukuvundiswa okwenziwe ngemithi kuvumela lesi sitshalo ukusetha imbewu, kepha isikhathi esikhulayo kanye nokuzwela okuphezulu kwezithombo, uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelula amahlumela, ngokuvamile kuphoqelekile ukuba ukhethe izindlela zokutshala imifino.
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini ekhanyayo, hhayi ukungcwatshwa kakhulu, ngemuva kokudonswa amakhaza amasonto amabili kuya kwayi-3. Umswakama owandisiwe womoya, ukumboza ngengilazi noma ngefilimu kufanele kuhlanganiswe namazinga okushisa aphansi: akebia ekhetha okuzinzile + 14 ... +16 degrees. Amahlumela ezitshalo angalindelwa kuze kube izinyanga ezintathu. Lapho imbewu isanda kuhlwayelwa, ayanda amathuba okuphumelela.
I-Akebia yiyona elula kunazo zonke ukusika. Ukuze kube nokubangwa kwezimpande, izingxenye ezincane zamahlumela ezinenwele ziyanqunywa. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokusika i-akebias kufanelekile cabanga maphakathi nokuphela kwentwasahlobo. Ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, ukusika ngemuva kokulashwa okuvuselelwa okukhulayo kwamasentimitha ambalwa kungcwatshwa kunoma iyiphi inhlanganisela enhlabathi enesihlabathi futhi ibekwe ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Ngomswakama ozinzile, ukhula lwenhlanganisela lushesha ngokwanele.
Kulula futhi ukuthola izitshalo ezinamandla ezinamandla ngokugoqa izingodo. Ukukhetha amahlumela amancane, anengxenye encane, abekwa emafulethini angajulile esitsheni esihlukile, ahlanganiswe ngamabakaki, spud futhi anisele kakhulu isiza se-mizizi. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpawu zokubuna, izitshalo zinqunywa esihlahleni sikamama futhi kamuva zikhule njengomvini ozimele.
Bafundi abathandekayo! Uma usunayo i-akebia ekhula ekhaya, yabelana ngesipiliyoni sokuyikhulisa kumazwana. Lapho, ungabuza imibuzo ehlobene nokukhula kwakhebia ekhaya.
