UStatica (Kermek) ungowokuqhuma kwezithelo herbaceous womndeni wakwaSvichatkov. Kodwa-ke, emndenini kukhona zombili izihlahlana nezonyaka. Isitshalo esikhangayo esifanele ukuhlobisa ingadi njengomhlali wombhede wezimbali. Isitshalo esisikiwe sisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwenza ama-bouquets. IStatica ithandwa emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, lapho ikhula khona njengesitshalo esingapheli. Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, iKermek kufanele ihlwanyelwe minyaka yonke, ikhule ezitshalweni ekhaya.
Okuvamile
Isizinda yisitshalo eside kakhulu ezinama-peduncle aqondile kanye ne-basal rosette yamaqabunga. Isiqu sikhula sibe ngama-80 cm kaningi i-decesuous futhi egcwele i-pubescent. Ukukhishwa okuluhlaza okukhanyayo okumnyama noma okukhanyayo kubukeka kumangalisa kakhulu. Isitshalo sikweleta ukugqokwa kwayo okugqamile hhayi ama-corollas, angaqapheleki futhi angenathemba kuwo. Umbala onemibala eminingi unezinkomishi zezimbali. Isikimu sabo semibala sihlukahlukene kakhulu. Zingaba mhlophe qhwa, ophuzi, opinki, umbala omnyama obomvu, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okusajingijolo, obomvu. Izimbali ezincane zakha i-inflorescence ephindwe kabili - i-spikelet, engahle ithathe isimo se-panicle noma i-scutellum. Inani eliphakeme le-kermek eligelezayo liwela phakathi kwehlobo.
Abafuyi bazale inqwaba yezinhlobo zalesi sitshalo esimangalisayo, phakathi kwazo ezaziwa kakhulu yilezi:
- Isibalo esinqunyelwe isitshalo esifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-60 cm. Sihlukahluka ngezimbali ezincane, ububanzi obufinyelela isentimitha esisodwa. Indebe ingahle ibe bomvana noma ibe mhlophe, kepha imvamisa inombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Isibalo seBroadleaf siyisihlahla esifinyelela ku-60-80 cm ukuphakama, okuthi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kube nesimo sebhola. Iziqu zaso zimbozwe ngamaqabunga agqamile, ububanzi bude bube ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Liqhuma ngezimbali ezincane kakhulu zombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukutshala imbewu
Ngokuya esifundeni, lesi sitshalo sikhula njengonyaka noma ngonyaka. Imvamisa, i-kermek isatshalaliswa yimbewu ekhaya. Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, akunconywa ukusabalalisa isithombe, ngoba ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile sohlelo lwaso lwezimpande, kunzima ukubekezelela ukufakelwa futhi sibuyiselwa isikhathi eside.
Kufakwe imbewu emincane ye-kermek egobolondweni eliminyene, okudala ubunzima ekuhlumeni kwabo. Awukwazi ukuhlanza ukukhwehlela, futhi ukuze izinkontsho zembewu, "ungahamba" ngazo nge-sandpaper noma ngefayela elinolaka. Ngemuva kwalokho, zibekwa ngokhuni olunamanzi izinsuku ezingama-2-3 noma zifakwe emanzini epine ngokwemiyalo.
Imbewu elungiselelwe ukutshala ihlwanyelwa ezinkomishini noma ezimbizeni ezilahlayo. Konke kuya ngokuthi isitshalo siyohlala kuphi. Uma ngosizo lwe-kermek igumbi lizohlotshiswa, khona-ke ukuhlwanyela kungenziwa ngokushesha ezimbizeni. Ezitshalweni ezizotshalwa endle, kungcono ukhethe izinkomishi ze-peat ukuze ungalimazi izimpande lapho zithutha.
Hlwanyela imbewu ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari noma ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Imbewu eyodwa kufanele ibe nembewu eyodwa, ngoba izimpande zesibalo ziqine kakhulu. Umhlabathi wokuhlwanyela kumele ukhululeke. Ingasetshenziswa ezitolo. ingxube yomhlaba yezithombo. Uma kubonakala kunendathane kakhulu, kunconywa ukufaka isihlabathi. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isendlalelo, kunconywa ukulungiselela:
- hlunga, ususe amahlumela ahlukahlukene, izigaxa nokunye udoti;
- i-calcine kuhhavini noma uchithe ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate ukuze uthathe uhlangothi ekuthelelekeni kanye nasezinambuzaneni;
- moisten ngamanzi okushisa egumbi.
Imbewu ibekwa ezimbizeni ezijulile bese ifafazwa ngengxube yomhlaba encane. Izitsha zimbozwe nge-polyethylene noma ingilazi futhi zibekwe endaweni efudumele. Ngakho-ke lokho kubumba akuveli enhlabathini, kufanele kungene umoya nsuku zonke isigamu sehora, ngasikhathi sinye kubheke umswakama. Inhlabathi eyomile ifafazwe ngamanzi afudumele.
Amahlumela okuqala kufanele avele ezinsukwini eziyishumi. Kodwa-ke, uma izimo ezikhululekile zingazange zenziwe, isikhathi sokukhulisa imbewu singathatha amasonto amathathu. Ukusheshisa inqubo, abatshali abanolwazi bathola iziqukathi ezifudumele nezithombo nsuku zonke amahora angu-4-5 besebenzisa I-60 watt ejwayelekile ukukhanya kwe-fluorescent.
Ukufika kwangaphandle
Izimpande zesitshalo zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuqina ngokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukufakwayo kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho izinsongo zezithambiso zobusuku zizodlula. Ukuze isithombe sikhule kahle futhi isikhathi eside sithokozela ukuqhakaza kwayo, lapho selitshaliwe Eminye imithetho kufanele ihlonishwe:
Lapho ukhetha indawo, umuntu kufanele acabangele iqiniso lokuthi lesi sitshalo sinesithombe futhi sikhula kahle ngisho nasezindaweni ezinokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Emthunzini, i-kermek izothuthukisa kahle futhi ngeke iqhume. Izimpande zalo ezimweni ezinjalo zingaqala ukubola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.- Lapho utshala izitshalo ezincane, kubhekwa ibanga elingamasentimitha angama-30. Kulesi simo, izihlahla zizokhula kahle, futhi ziyaqhakaza ngezimbali ezinkulu.
- Umhlabathi kumele ukhululwe futhi ukhishwe kahle. Endaweni lapho kuzokhula khona imbali, amanzi akufanele ame. Kuhle kakhulu kwesibalo esikhulayo yinhlabathi enensa futhi engathathi hlangothi.
Lapho ukhetha indawo, umuntu kufanele acabangele iqiniso lokuthi lesi sitshalo sinesithombe futhi sikhula kahle ngisho nasezindaweni ezinokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Emthunzini, i-kermek izothuthukisa kahle futhi ngeke iqhume. Izimpande zalo ezimweni ezinjalo zingaqala ukubola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Izici Zokunakekela
Lapho ikhule endaweni evulekile, ukugcinwa kwesibalo kuqukethe ukunisela okuningana, ukondleka kwezitshalo nokukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla.
Njengoba lesi sitshalo sihunyushwa ukuze sithole umswakama owanele wemvula nobusuku bamazolo, kuyaqabukela zidinga ukuniselwa. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela uma amaqabunga esehlile emithini, okuwuphawu lokuntuleka kwamanzi. Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bancoma ukuthi, kanye ngonyaka, uthele i-kermek ngesisombululo sikasawoti esilungiselelwe kusuka amathisipuni ayisawoti ayisikhombisa namalitha ayishumi amanzi kanye ngesizini.
Imvamisa awudingi ukondla isithombe. Kuzokwanela lapho ukutshala ukwethula umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi ngqo enhlabathini. Uma inhlabathi ekhula kuyo i-kermek imbi kakhulu, khona kanye njalo emavikini amabili, kwenziwa umanyolo ngomanyolo owuketshezi.
Ngokuqinisekile, isibalo asabelwe izigaba zezitshalo okulula ukuzikhulisa. Kodwa-ke, ukucubungula kwayo nokuhehisa njengomhlobiso wensimu yezimbali nengxenye yezimbali kwakha bonke ubunzima okungenzeka ukuthi bahambe.
