Kalanchoe (Kalanchoe) - Uhlobo lwezitshalo ezithandekayo zomndeni uCrassulaceae (I-Crassulaceae) Zingaphezulu kwama-200 izinhlobo ezaziwa ukuthi zikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo naseNingizimu Afrika, eSouth kanye naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, nakwezindawo ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika. Igama lohlobo lwendabuko livela eChina. Le nsimbi yezimbali idume kakhulu kuma-sill wethu. Akukona nje kuphela ukuhlobisa, kodwa futhi kuwusizo ngempela, ngoba kusetshenziswe emithini yesintu emakhulwini eminyaka. Sizokhuluma ngendlela yokukhulisa iKalanchoe ekhaya, nokuthi singayisebenzisa kanjani ngezinjongo zokwelapha, kulesi sihloko.
Izimbali zeKalanchoe.
Ukuchazwa kwesitshalo
Kalanchoe, igama lesiLatini nguKalanchoe, abantu - maojedunchik, udokotela, i-ginseng yangaphakathi.
Izitshalo ze-herbaceous ezingama-perennial eziqabulayo ezinamaqabunga aminyene, anamanzi aqukethe imithombo yamanzi. Kugcwele njengesihlahla sendlu Kalanchoe Daigremont (K.daigremontiana) kusuka esiqhingini saseMadagascar. Lesi isihlahla esinobude obuyimitha esinesiqu esiqondile namaqabunga amise okomfanekiso wesakhiwo esingunxantathu onemiphetho enziwe ngamaphayiphi.
Kumaqabunga amadala, ama-brood buds atholakala emgodini phakathi kwamazinyo. Bawela phansi bathatha izimpande.
Izidingo zeKalanchoe zokukhula
I-Kalanchoe isitshalo esithanda ilanga, asesabi ukusha kusuka elangeni eliqondile, futhi ngenxa yalokho ayidingi shading.
Ehlobo, uKalanchoe uzozizwa kahle kuvulandi, lapho kunomoya omningi omusha. Ukunisela njengoba likhehla ubumba. Zonke izinsuku ezingama-7- 7, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukufaka umanyolo ngomanyolo wezimbiwa. NgoJulayi, nciza iziqongo ukuze kwakheka amahlumela okwalandela.
Autumn - kancane kancane sinisela ukuthambisa, kancane kuvame ukwenza umquba.
Ebusika, izitshalo zizizwa zingcono kumazinga okushisa angaqedi ku-12-15 ° C. Kufanele ziniselwe kuphela lapho inhlabathi yobumba isiphela.
Ngentwasahlobo, izitshalo zitshalwa minyaka yonke zibe ngumxube womhlaba onempilo (ophakathi noma osindayo). Qala ukondla masonto onke.
Isibani Ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, kodwa-ke, efasiteleni eliseningizimu, ungadinga ukuthi umthunzi amahora ashisa kakhulu osuku. AbakwaKalanchoe bathande ukukhanya okuningi nelanga ebusika nasehlobo.
Ukunisela. Okumaphakathi - entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kuncishisiwe ekwindla, futhi kunisele ebusika ngendlela elinganiselwe.
Umswakama AmaKalanchoe amelana nomoya owomile, kepha ukufafaza ngezikhathi ezithile ngeke kulimaze nakancane, futhi kuzoba nomphumela wokuhlanzeka.
Ukufakelwa Entwasahlobo, omncane - ngonyaka, emdala - njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3. Imbiza inkulu ngosayizi. Ukudonsa okuhle kwamasentimitha okungenani amabili. pH 5.5-7.0. Ukuhlanganiswa komhlaba: umhlaba omfushane, umhlaba onamaqabunga, humus nesihlabathi (1: 1: 1: 1).
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuya maphakathi nehlobo, babondla ngomanyolo okhethekile we-cacti kanye nokunye ukunikezwa kanye ngenyanga.
Izihlahla. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, usike, ushiye amasentimitha ambalwa ukusuka kwisisekelo bese ubeka endaweni emnyama. Gcina umquba womile amasonto amane. Ngemuva - dlulisela endaweni ekhanyayo. Ikhula kahle ngaphansi kwezinkanyiso zokufakelwa.
IKalanchoe iyaqhakaza.
Izici Zokunakekelwa KweKalanchoe
Ukuqhakaza iKalanchoe yisitshalo sezinsuku esifushane. Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, kungcono ukuyigcina efasiteleni lewindi elisempumalanga noma lasentshonalanga, ebusika ukuvezwa eseningizimu kukhethwa isitshalo.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, iKalanchoe idinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Ezinyangeni zasekwindla nasebusika, lapho ubude nobungako bokukhanya kwemvelo kuncishiswa kakhulu, izitshalo kumele zikhanyiswe futhi kusihlwa nasekuseni, zilethe amahora okukhanya kosuku kube ngamahora ayi-12. Ngo-Agasti, isikhathi sokukhanyisa akufanele sidlule amahora angama-9.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi isitshalo esithengiwe, noma isitshalo ngemuva kwesimo sezulu esinamafu eside, noma simi emthunzini oyingxenye, siyajwayela ukukhanya kancane, ukuze sigweme ukushiswa yilanga.
Cishe zonke izinhlobo zeKalanchoe zingatshalwa ebangeni lokushisa elibanzi. Ehlobo - ngaphakathi kwe-18-28 ° C, ebusika - hhayi ngaphansi kwe-10-12 ° C, okuhle kunakho konke - ngo-16-18 ° C. Emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, ama-buds wezimbali awabekwa ekwindla nasebusika.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, iKalanchoe iniselwa kancane, uma lesi sitshalo sigcinwa elangeni, siniselwa kakhulu, njengoba ungqimba olungaphezulu lwenkaba engaphansi loma, ebusika bungaphansi kakhulu, ngamanzi athambile, ahlala, kepha awayeki ukunisela ngokuphelele, ngoba lapho izitshalo zomile, amaqabunga alahlekelwa kakhulu. Amanzi angathelwa hhayi phezulu, kodwa epanini.
Ngenxa yamaqabunga anamanzi, embozwe ngenhlanganisela ye-wax noma ngezinwele eziningi, zonke izitshalo zeKalanchoe zibekezelela umoya omile wezindlu zasemadolobheni kahle. Umswakama awudlali indima ebalulekile yesitshalo. IKalanchoe ayidingi ukufafazwa, kepha ngosuku olushisayo lwasehlobo lokhu kungaletha inzuzo kuphela kulesi sitshalo.
Ehlobo, kwenziwa umquba wamasonto onke kanye nomanyolo we-organic kanye njalo emavikini ama-2. Ekwindla, lapho kubekwa ama-buds, ukugqoka okuphezulu kungaphindwa. Ungondla ngomanyolo we-cacti.
Yenza izitshalo ngokunciphisa amahlumela amade. Kwezinye izindlela, iziqu, lapho sezifinyelele ekuphakameni okuthile, ziqala ukugoba onqenqemeni lwesitsha noma ebhodweni. Ama-6-8 ukusika okutshalwe emaphethelweni empande yebhodwe, kugoba bese kulengiswa njengoba bekhula. Izitshalo ezinjalo ezinamaqabunga acwebezelayo kanye nama-inflorescence acebile zithola ukubukeka okuhlobisa kakhulu.
Izitshalo zoqobo ezitsheni ezinezimbobo okulenga kuzo iziqu. Ngale ndlela, izitshalo ze-ampel ezingezimbali eziqhakaza kakhulu zeKalanchoe zikhange kakhulu.
Ukuze iKalanchoe iqhakaze ngaphambili, entwasahlobo nasehlobo kufanele inciphise amahora wemini iye ku-12, noma ngisho namahora ayi-10. Kepha ukuze izimbali zikhulu futhi zikhanye, ukukhanya kufanele kube okukhulu. Kwezinye izinhlobo, izimbali ezinombala obucayi futhi ogqamile, muhle kakhulu, ume unqunywe emanzini isikhathi eside (cishe amasonto amathathu) ngaphandle kokubuna. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ukhipha izigaxa zeKalanchoe kancane ukuze izitshalo zihle futhi zibe nokuhlobisa. Izingcezu zezitshalo zisikiwe zisetshenziselwa ukusika.
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa njengokudingekile (izitshalo ezandisiwe). Inhlabathi yokufakelwa ithathwa ingathathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane (pH 5.5-6.5). Izitshalo zikhula kahle kule ngxube evamile yama-presulents, ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ze-epiphytic, okuthi, ngenxa yokuqhakaza okuningana, kungakuhle ukuthi ungeze i-humus enhlabathini futhi usebenzise umanyolo.
Izitshalo ezisencane zidluliselwa zingxube zezingxenye ezi-4 ze-turf, izingxenye ezi-2 zomhlaba wokuthatha izinqumo, ingxenye eyi-peat nesihlabathi ebolile. Esikhundleni se-peat, ungathatha umhlaba onobuhlakani. Ungangeza ukugoqwa okuncane kophondo nomquba wenkomo owomile kwingxube. Phansi ebhodweni hlinzeka ngemisele emihle. I-Kalanchoe ikhula kahle esikweni le-hydroponic.
Ukuzala Kalanchoe
IKalanchoe isatshalaliswa ngesiqu kanye nokusikwa kwamaqabunga, izingane (lezo zinhlobo lapho zikhona) kanye nembewu.
Imvamisa, amaqabunga amadala awile angabangelwa ukukhiqiza izitshalo ezincane. Uma ngoJuni iqwebe litshalwe esihlabathini esimanzi futhi simbozwe ngengilazi, khona lapho maduze lizoba nezimpande. Ama-Brood buds (izingane) zezinhlobo ze-viviparous atshalwa endaweni evundile yenhlabathi exutshwe nesihlabathi.
Imbewu yeKalanchoe ihlwanyelwa ngoJanuwari-Mashi, ayilali ngomhlaba, imane icindezela phansi, imboze ngengilazi nomthunzi ngephepha. Umhlaba wokuhlwanyela uthatha kalula, unqume. Ukushisa kwekamelo kufanele kube ngu-16-16 C. Izitshalo zidayiswa njalo izikhathi 2 ngosuku, ziphendulela ingilazi ngakolunye uhlangothi. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umhlaba ezitshalweni awume. Kugcotshwe ngamanzi okushisa kwasekamelweni. Lapho kuvela izithombo, ingilazi nephepha ziyasuswa. Ngemuva kwenyanga, izithombo zingena ebhokisini bese zimboza izinsuku ezimbalwa ngengubo yengilazi noma yepulasitiki.
Lapho izitshalo zikhula amaqabunga ambalwa, zidluliselwa kumabhodwe wamasentimitha ayi-7. Ingxube yezakhi enezingxenye ezi-4 zezinto ezi-deciduous, izingxenye ezi-2 zomhlaba we-turf, ingxenye eyi-1 yomquba nengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi noma izingxenye ezine ze-peat, izingxenye ezi-2 zomhlaba we-turf nengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi.
Kalanchoe.
Ezitshalweni ezincane ezisikiwe, cindezela phezulu. NgoJulayi, izitshalo ziphinda ziphinde zakheke isihlahla, zivame ukukhula amahlumela angama-4-5. I-Transshipment yenziwa ngo-Agasti, lapho izitshalo zikhula kahle nezimpande zimbozwe ngesigaxa sobumba. Izitshalo ezi-1-2 zitshalwe emabhodweni. Ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kwengxubevange, ingxube yobumba iqukethe izingxenye ezi-4 zomquba, izingxenye ezi-2 ze-humus nengxenye e-1 yokhuni olunzima nesihlabathi, engeza umquba omncane wenkomo owomile. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza unyaka owodwa ngemuva kokuhlwanyela.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
IKalanchoe, imvamisa, ihlushwa ukuntuleka kokukhanya - ngenkathi iziqu zelulwa, futhi amaqabunga aphansi endiza azungeze, noma amaqabunga aba mnyama noma aphuzi ngokuhlaza.
Kwenzeka ukuthi ngemuva kokuqhakaza okukhulu kwezimbali, iKalanchoe ayikhuli, noma ivezwe - ilahlekelwa amaqabunga, ezimweni ezinjalo, njengomthetho, ayinayo umsoco, ngakho-ke ukufakelwa noma ukondla kuyadingeka.
Amacembe ayoma futhi afe - lapho igcinwa egumbini elifudumele kakhulu ebusika, ikakhulukazi eduze nebhethri.
Amabala noma isikhunta esithambile esinsundu kwavela kulesi sitshalo - uma simanzi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
Amaqabunga makhulu, aluhlaza olunejusi, izimbali azenzeki - lapho kudliwa ngokweqile ngamanyolo. Lapho ubusika buba sesimweni esifudumele kakhulu, iKalanchoe ilahlekelwa amaqabunga ayo nokuhlobisa kwayo.
Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ama-mealybugs, izinambuzane ezilinganayo, izibungu zesicabucabu.
Izinhlobo zeViviparous zeKalanchoe, ezakha izisekelo zamadodakazi amancane emaphethelweni weqabunga lezingane, zingatholakala ngaphansi kwegama iBriofillum.
Kalanchoe kaningi, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuqhakaza okukhulu kwezimbali, kukhule, kunwebe futhi kuveze, ngakho-ke kungcono ukunquma iziqu ezinjalo nezimpande futhi, i.e. vuselela isitshalo.
Izici zokuphilisa zezakhiwo zeKalanchoe
Abahlali baseMadagascar basebenzise ujusi wezinhlobo eziningi zeKalanchoe ukwelapha izifo ezahlukahlukene. Empilweni yansuku zonke, iKalanchoe kaningi ibizwa ngokuthi "i-ginseng yangaphakathi" noma "umuthi wokuphila."
Ijusi yeselula esehlukaniswe neziqu zamaqabunga amasha e-Kalanchoe pinnate, inomphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala, ayicasuli isikhumba nolwelwesi lwamafinyila futhi isetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukuvusa izinqubo zokuvuselela izicubu, ngokwesibonelo, emazinyweni, emazingeni okuzala (ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwengane ukwelashwa kokuqunjelwa).
Njengoba kunemifantu engcolile komama asebekhulile, kusetshenziswa amaconsi ama-2-3 ngemuva kokondla izinsuku ezingama-5-6. Ijusi yeKalanchoe isetshenziselwa ukuphulukisa amanxeba, izilonda ezinamahlwili, izilonda zokucindezela, ukusha, i-frostbite kanye ne-tonsillitis, isifo se-periodontal kanye ne-stomatitis.
IKalanchoe inconyelwa ama-migraines, i-asphyxiation, izifo zesisu, isibindi, izifo ezithathelwanayo kanye nomkhuhlane ekwelapheni izinduna, amathumba, warts. Usebenzisa iqabunga le-Kalanchoe elihlikihliwe, ungaqeda izinyo. Ijusi leKalanchoe liyathengiswa emakhemisi, kodwa kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi awukwazi ukulisebenzisa ngaphandle kokunconywa ngudokotela.
I-Kalanchoe isitshalo esimnandi sendlu esiqhakaza isikhathi eside, kodwa futhi sinezakhiwo zokuphulukisa. Ingabe unayo iKalanchoe?
