Bamboo

Isitshalo soqalo esihlala sihlala sikhona (iBambusa) simelela izinhlamvu zomndeni zoqalo zomndeni oseframi, noma i-bluegrass. Abalimi bahlakulela zombili izitshalo ezingabameleli bohlobo lwe-bamboo, nalezo ezingezinye zezinhlobo zohlobo lwe-bamboo subfamily. Ukuze kube lula, abalimi babiza zonke lezi zihlahla ngezimbali. Futhi kule ndatshana bazobizwa ngokufana, kepha esigabeni sezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo kuzochazwa ngokuningana ukuthi uhlobo luni nolusuka kwesinye isitshalo esithile.

Izitshalo ezingohlobo lwe-bamboo kanye ne-bamboo subfamily zingatholakala endle ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo zaseYurophu, Australia, Asia, Africa, America, ngisho nase Oceania. Ngasikhathi sinye, bamboos ezinotshani zitholakala kuphela ezindaweni ezishisayo. Minyaka yonke, lezi zitshalo ziya ngokuya zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi. Zisetshenziselwa ukudala uthango oluhle, kanye nokuhlobisa amakarafu namathafa.

Izici ze-bamboo

Ama-bamboo akhula endle makhulu ngendlela emangalisayo. Iziqu (utshani) zibonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo, zixutshwa kanye negatsha engxenyeni ephezulu. Ukuphakama kwabo kungahluka kusuka kumamitha angama-35 kuye kwangama-50. I-bamboo ingesinye sezitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha emhlabeni wonke. Amapuleti amaqabunga amafushane anokwakheka kwe-lanceolate. Emagatsheni akhethekile anama-scaly leaf plates, ama-spikelets we-multifloral abekwa ngokubodwa noma ngamaqembu. Izimbali ze-bisexual ziyaqhakaza isikhathi esisodwa kuphela kumashumi eminyaka ambalwa, ngenkathi kuqhakaza izimbali ezinkulu kakhulu futhi eziphakeme kakhulu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izimbali ziqala cishe ngasikhathi sinye kuzo zonke izitshalo zalaba bantu. Ngemuva kokuba imbewu sesivuthiwe ngokuphelele esikalini sezimbali, ziyawa, lapho zithwalwa khona yimifudlana yamanzi noma yezilwane. Lapho izithelo seziqediwe, isitshalo sife ngokuphelele, kepha kwesinye isikhathi izimpande zingahlala.

I-bamboo kade yasebenza njengento yokwakha. Ukusuka esiqwini esomile yenza amapayipi omoya noma imithungo.

Ukulima ngoqalo lwangaphandle

Izimo ezifanele

I-bamboo inenani eliphakeme lokuhlobisa ngoba ihlala iluhlaza. Isibonelo, ngaphandle kukaJanuwari, kuyabanda, iqhwa liyawa, futhi ingadi yakho ihlotshiswe ngoqalo, okuthi njengehlobo, kumbozwe ngamahlamvu aluhlaza. Kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi ze-thermophilic. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba yikhulu ezikwazi ukubekezelela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa komoya ukuya ngaphansi kwamadigri angama-20, kanti zimbalwa kuphela ezingabekezelela amaqandeni amakhulu (aze afike ku-32 degrees). Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho baphikisana nokuthi uma bamboo esinda ebusika bokuqala, khona-ke ngokulandelayo uzokwazi ukubekezelela ngokuthobeka ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa komoya liye ngaphansi kwamadigri angama-20.

Yiziphi izimo zokutshala bamboo ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo? Ngokutshala kwayo, kufanele ukhethe indawo enokhanya kahle noma onemibala omncane, kuyilapho kufanele ivikeleke emoyeni obandayo nowomile. Uthango olulula luyakwazi ukuvikela isitshalo emoyeni owomile wasebusika. I-bamboo ingatshalwa kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi ngaphandle kobumba futhi isindayo. I-acidity yenhlabathi kufanele ibe ngu-6.0-6.2. Ungaqala ukutshala isitshalo esinjalo emhlabathini ovulekile entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi isifudumeze kahle. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukutshala kungenziwa zombili entwasahlobo, nasehlobo, nasekwindla (kusuka ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba), kepha kungcono ukutshala bamboo ngo-Ephreli-Juni.

Ukufika kwangaphandle

Ukutshala bamboo obala kufanele kufane ncamashi nezinye izitshalo engadini. Okokuqala kudingeka ulungiselele umgodi wokutshala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inani lawo kufanele libe izikhathi eziphindwe kabili zevolumu yohlelo lwezithombo. Lapho-ke ingaphansi laso ligcwele ungqimba lomhlabathi wegadi onempilo, ohlanganiswe ngaphambili ne-humus, kufanele uhlanganiswe. Isithombo kufanele sicwiliswe esitsheni esigcwele amanzi, kanye nesitsha lapho sikhula khona, amahora amaningi. Isitshalo kufanele sisuswe esitsheni kuphela ngemuva kokuthi ama-bubble omoya eyekile ngokuphelele ebusweni. Ngemuva kwalokho ihliselwa ngokucophelela emgodini olungiselelwe, ombozwe ngengxube yenhlabathi yengadi enezakhi kanye ne-humus, okumele yenziwe kahle, izama ukuqeda konke okuvela. I-topsoil (cishe amasentimitha ama-2-5) ayidingi ukwenziwa. Isitshalo esitshaliwe kumele siniselwe kakhulu, futhi wonke ama-voids asele kufanele anyamalale ngokuphelele.

Ungaphuzisa kanjani

Lapho ukhula bamboo ezingxenyeni eziphakathi nendawo, kudingeka ufunde ukuthi ungawunisela kanjani ngokufanele, okunzima. Izitshalo ezitshalwe kamuva nje zidinga ukuthambisa okuninginingi okuqala, kanti lapho umhlabathi ungaphezulu ufafazwa ungqimba we-mulch (organic). Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo siqale ukukhula kahle, ukunisela kuzodinga ukwehliswa kube izikhathi ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ezinsukwini eziyi-7, kuyilapho kufanele futhi ukuthi ubheke ukuthi ingabe lina kaningi ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka. I-bamboo yisitshalo esithanda umswakama, futhi uma izwa ukungabi namanzi, izokhulisa uhlelo olunezimpande olunamandla kakhulu nolude olungathatha umswakama ezingxenyeni ezijulile zenhlabathi.

Imikhawulo

Abalimi bahlakulela izinhlobo ezi-2 ezibalulekile ze-bamboo, ezithi: bushy and run. Isimo esiyingqayizivele se-bamboy bamboo ukuthi sikhula ngamaqembu aminyene futhi asinyakazisi ndawo. Kepha ekugudleni kwe-bamboo, uhlelo lwezimpande lukhula ngokugqamile, ngaphandle kokuntywila emhlabathini ngamasentimitha angaphezu kwama-5-20, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zitholakala ngqo phezu komhlaba wawo. Isitshalo esinjalo singakhula ngokushesha, sithwebule izindawo ezintsha, uma lokhu kungezinhlelweni zakho, khona-ke kuzodingeka ukuthi sinqume izimpande ezikhulayo ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ngenkathi. Lezo zimpande ozinqume kufanele zisuswe emhlabathini bese zilahlwa, ngoba ziyakwazi ukuqhubeka nokuthuthuka kwazo. Ungakhawulela ukukhula kokugijima kwe-bamboo unomphela, ngoba lokhu, izingcezu zezindebe kufanele zimbiwe eceleni komngcele wesayithi, kufanele zingcwatshwe ngamasentimitha ayi-100-150, futhi kufanele zivele ngamasentimitha angama-5 kuya kwayi-10 ngaphezu kwendawo yomhlabathi. Ungakhawulela nokukhula kwezimpande ze-bamboo ngefilimu evimbelayo (impande yesithintelo), okuyi-tepi epulasitiki eqinile futhi eguquguqukayo enobubanzi obungu-0.5-1 m nobukhulu obungama-0.6 cm. . Kulokhu, onqenqemeni olungezansi lokungcwatshwa kufanele luqondiswe kwisiza, futhi olungaphezulu kufanele luhlukane nalo. Amashidi wesilayidi, ifilimu noma insimbi kufanele agqunywe, kepha hhayi isibindi, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande ezinamandla ze-bamboo zizodabula kuzo.

Izihlahla

Izihlahla kwenziwa kanye ngonyaka entwasahlobo. Kulokhu, kufanele ususe okonakaliswe isithwathwa noma imidalo emidala emincane yoqalo. Ukuze imisebe yelanga ingene iqonde phakathi emathangeni, kunconyelwa ukufeza ukuhleleka kokuhlelekile. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma isiqu sinqunywa ngenhla kwe-node, isitshalo singakwazi ukuqhubeka sikhula futhi sikhule ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Entwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukondliwa ngengxube yezakhi equkethe i-phosphate, i-nitrogen ne-potassium (3: 4: 2). Ekwindla, u-bamboo uphekelwa ngengxube efanayo, efaka i-potassium, phosphorus ne-nitrogen, kepha kulokhu isilinganiso sabo kufanele kube yi-4: 4: 2. Ngemuva kokuthi ingxube yezakhi ingeniswe enhlabathini, iziqu ezindala zizodinga ukusikwa ngokuphelele indawo, okuzodingeka ukuthi imbozwe ungqimba wamasentimitha ayishumi we-mulch (amagxolo likaphayini noma amahlamvu omisiwe).

Uma kwenzeka unquma ukondla bamboo ngomanyolo we-organic, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kufanele kufakwe emhlabathini kanye njalo emavikini ama-4 isizini yonke. Ngemuva kwesikhathi sekwindla, ukugqoka okunjalo okuphezulu kufanele kumiswe.

Ubusika

Ubusika bokuqala be-bamboo bunzima kakhulu. Uhlelo lwayo lwezimpande lokushisa ngaphansi kwamazinga angama-17 degrees lungabanda, ngenkathi ama-degree angama-20 esiqu sesitshalo, esikhona ngaphezu kwesembozo seqhwa, siyafa. Esimweni lapho ababikezeli besimo sezulu bebikezela ubusika obuqandayo noma obusika obunamakhaza kakhulu, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukugoba iziqu zemithi phezulu kongqimba lwe-mulch, kuthi amagatsha e-fru spruce aphonswe phezu kwawo, okuzovikela lesi sitshalo ekuqandeni. Uma ubusika bokuqala besitshalo buyimpumelelo, khona-ke ebusika obulandelayo kuzobe kuphephile ukubekezelela ama-frames kuya ku-20 degrees.

Ukusakazwa kwe-bamboo

Ungakhula kanjani kusuka ezinhlanyelweni

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, kufanele icwiliswe emanzini ahlanzekile amahora ayi-12. Ukuze uhlwanyele uzodinga ingxube yenhlabathi enezinkuni ezihlukaniswe kahle izinkuni, umlotha wezinkuni nomhlaba ongaphezulu (1: 1: 8). Isendlalelo esiphumela kufanele sihanjiswe ngesihlungo bese sanyiswa. Ingxube enjalo isetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa amaseli kwikhasethi, ngaphandle kokuyihlikihla. Amaseli amancane kufanele enziwe kumaseli, ukujula kwawo kufanele kube kububanzi bamasentimitha angu-0,4-0,5. Emgodini ngamunye, kubekwa imbewu eyi-1, okumele ikhishwe emanzini ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zehora ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela futhi kusulwe ngendwangu ehlanzekile. Izilimo kufanele zifafazwe ngesendlalelo se-substrate.

Ngemuva kwalokho amakhasethi afakwa endaweni enomthunzi. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqhamuke izithombo, i-substrate kufanele ifakwe umswakama kusuka kusibhamu sokufafaza amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku ukuze ihlale inomswakama kancane. Njengomthetho, izithombo zokuqala zikhonjiswa phezu kwenhlabathi ezinsukwini eziyi-15-25 emva kokuhlwanyela. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3-4 zidlulile selokhu kwavela amahlumela futhi amahlumela aqala ukwenza amahlumela, azodinga ukuwathola ezitsheni ezigcwele ngama-peat amahhashi. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe kube isikhathi esingu-1 ngosuku, kuyilapho ukukhiqiza kungcono kakhulu kusihlwa. Ukudlulisela izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ngemuva kokuba esefinyelele ekuphakameni okungamamitha ayi-0,4-0,5.kodwa kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi kungaba ngcono uma izithombo zingaphakathi endlini ebusika bokuqala, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokuqandeka noma ukufa kusuka ukuntuleka komswakama. Ebusika bokuqala, izitshalo zingagcinwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma kwelinye igumbi elingashiswanga, kepha kufanele zivikeleke kokubhaliwe kanye nesithwathwa. Ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi isifudumeze kahle entwasahlobo, u-bamboo ungatshalwa udluliselwe emhlabathini ovulekile.

Indlela yokusabalalisa imifino

Entwasahlobo, udinga ukugaya amahlumela amaningana aneminyaka engu-3 ubudala, bese atshalwe endaweni entsha, esegazini. Kufanele banikeze ukuthambisa okuningi kwansuku zonke, kepha okokuqala kuzodingeka kufinyezwe ngu-1/3.

Izifo nezinambuzane zoqalo

Lesi sitshalo simelana kakhulu nazo zombili izifo nezinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezithile ze-bamboo lapho izicabucabu noma izikelemu zithanda ukuhlala khona. Ukuqeda izibungu zesicabucabu, lo mbala uthintekile uphathwa nge-acaricide, kanti isibulala-zinambuzane sizosiza izibungu.

Kwezinye izimo, u-bamboo ulinyazwa ukugqwala. Ukuze ususe, kusetshenziswa ama-fungicides.

Bamboo ophuzi

Kuleso simo, uma amahlamvu eshintsha umbala wawo ojwayelekile abe ophuzi ekwindla, khona-ke lokhu kuy inqubo yemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ku-bamboos yohlobo lwe-Fargesia aphenduka aphuzi futhi angamaphesenti ama-10- 30 amaqabunga amaqabunga ayafa, kuyilapho kubamele uhlobo lohlobo lwePhillostachis lungabi ngaphezu kwamaphesenti ayi-15. Ingxenye yamaqabunga amaqabunga ifa ekwindla, ngoba bamboo ngaleyo ndlela agcina amandla adingekayo ezinyangeni zasebusika. Ebusika, wonke amahlamvu aphuzi azowa ngokuphelele, futhi lesi sitshalo sibuye sibuyisele ukubukeka kwaso okusha futhi okusebenzayo kakhulu.

Ukuphuzi kwamacwecwe eqabunga ehlobo noma entwasahlobo kusikisela ukuthi akuyona yonke into ehambisana nesitshalo. Ukhula lungaphenduka ophuzi ngenxa ye-chlorosis noma ngenxa yezikhukhula. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi inhlabathi igcwala umswakama, khona-ke ukubola kukhula ohlelweni lwe-bamboo. Ngakho-ke, lapho utshala izithombo ngobumba noma enhlabathini esindayo, kunconyelwa ukwenza ungqimba oluhle kakhulu lwesihlabathi noma amatshe ngaphansi komgodi wokutshala. I-Chlorosis ingakhula ngenxa yokuthi isitshalo sizwa ukuntuleka kwezakhi ezinjenge-nitrogen, i-magnesium noma i-iron. Kwezinye izimo, kuba ngenxa yokuchuma kwenhlabathi. Ngemuva kokuthi uqale ukunakekela i-bamboo kahle, izokhula amaqabunga amasha aluhlaza.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-bamboo ngezithombe namagama

Ama-bamboos atshalwe engadini ahlukaniswa ngokwezigaba ngezinhlobo eziqondile ezinesiqu nesiqu esiqinile, kanye nezitshalo ezinkulu kakhulu ze-herbaceous. Uma unikezwe ukuthi izwe lesitshalo esinjalo lingaphansi komhlaba nakwezindawo ezishisayo, lapho ukhetha izinhlobo ezithile nezinhlobonhlobo, ukumelana kwawo nesithwathwa kufanele kubhekwe nakho. Kusukela ku-bamboo subfamily, izitshalo zohlobo lweSaza zezona ezikwazi ukumelana kakhulu nesithwathwa. IFargesia (sinarundinaria) ihlukaniswa ukumelana kwawo nesithwathwa nokukhuthazela. Izitshalo ezingeyokuqala ye-genus playoblastus zivelele ukubukeka kwazo okuhlobisa kakhulu. Ezifundeni ezitholakala eningizimu, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhule i-bamboo phylostachis. Ezinhlotsheni zohlobo lwe-bambous bamboo, bamboo ojwayelekile udume kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi. I-bamboo yokuhlobisa (ngaphakathi) empeleni akuyona i-bamboo, igama langempela lalesi sitshalo yi-Sandler's dracaena.

I-Saza (Sasa)

Lolu hlobo lommeleli we-bamboo subfamily futhi luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-70 zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Emvelweni, zitholakala eMpumalanga nase-Asia Ephakathi. Izitshalo zalolu hlobo ziyahlukahluka ngokuthi zakha amaqhubu aminyene, kanti zithanda ukukhula ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinde noma emaphethelweni. Ukuphakama kwamahlumela kungahluka kusuka ku-0,3 kuya ku-2,5 m. Amaqabunga amaqabunga wesimo obukhulu obusentwasahlobo kanye ehlobo apendwe ngombala oluhlaza ojulile. Ekwindla, emaphethelweni amaqabunga oma, okudala umbono we-variegation.

Okuthandwa kakhulu ngabameli balesi sakhi se-Kuril saza. Ukuphakama kwehlumela kungahluka kusuka ku-0,25 kuya ku-2,5 m, futhi ubukhulu bawo bube yi-0.6 cm.U ubude bamapuleti amaqabunga e-ovate akhonjisiwe ngamasentimitha ayi-13, futhi ububanzi bawo buba amasentimitha ayi-2,5. Ukuqhakaza kulezi zinhlobo kubhekwa kuphela isikhathi esingu-1, bese isitshalo sifa. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo esinjalo kuhamba kancane, kanti amafomu akhula kancane kuphela lapho etshalwe maphakathi nethambeka, asetshenziswa njengezitshalo zokumboza umhlaba noma zokuhlobisa izingadi zaseJapan. Izinhlobo zeShimofuri zithandwa kakhulu, lapho kukhona khona imigoqo ephuzi ngaphezulu kwamapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza. Ngaphezu kweKuril saza, i-spikelet, i-panicrate, i-palmaceous (izinhlobonhlobo zeNebulosa inama-planethi amaqabunga esundu), okutshaliwe, i-Vicha, igolide kanye neletha kuyatshalwa.

Fargesia

Lesi sitshalo bamboo wezintaba waseChina. Lolu hlobo lutholwe yizithunywa zevangeli zaseFrance eminyakeni eyikhulu yekhulu le-19. Kuze kube manje, lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-40 zezitshalo ezihlala ziluhlaza, ukuphakama kwazo okungenani kungama-0.5 m. Izitshalo ezinjalo zakha izihlahla ezikhululekile ezinenqwaba yeziqu. Amapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza agcwele kahle anesimo se-lanceolate, afinyelela amasentimitha ayi-10 ngobude namasentimitha ayi-1.5 ububanzi. Ekwindla, umbala wabo ushintsha ube luhlaza ophuzi. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:

Ubukhazikhazi be-fargesia (Fargesia nitida = Sinarundinaria nitida)

Le nhlobo ihlukaniswa ukumelana kwayo nobusika. Ukuphakama kwamahlumela awo akhazimulayo ahluka kusuka kumamitha ayi-0,5 kuye kwayi-2, apendwe ngombala onsundu obomvu onsundu, ocishe abe mnyama. Amapuleti amaqabunga ama-Narrow-lanceolate afinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha ayi-12. Izinhlobo ezidumile:

I-Eisenach - amapuleti amaqabunga amancane anombala oluhlaza okotshani;
IMcClue iyinhlobonhlobo ende;
Iqoqo elisha - umbala wokudubula onsomi;
I-Great Wall - lokhu okuhlukahlukene kusetshenziselwa ukudala uthango oluphakeme, umbala wamapuleti amaqabunga uluhlaza omnyama;
INymphenburg - emagatsheni amancanyana arched kukhona amapuleti amaqabunga acashile.

Fargesia Murielae (Fargesia mulielae = Sinarundinaria Murielae)

Lolu hlobo alulwiswi nesithwathwa. Izwe lakubo yiCentral China. Phezu kwamahlumela aphuzi oluhlaza okotshani ngokushelelayo kukhona ukugoba kwentambo. Amapuleti amaqabunga anombala omude awamabala angenasici. Le nhlobo iqhakaza kanye emva kweminyaka eyi-100, emva kwalokho izitshalo ziyafa. Izimbali zokugcina zabonwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa yekhulu leminyaka edlule, ngenkathi ubude bayo babulingana neminyaka engama-20. Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezilandelayo ziyathandwa:

ISimba yizinhlobonhlobo ezintsha zaseDenmark ezihlangene;
IJumbo - ipuleti elinamaqabunga aluhlaza ngombala oluhlaza lukhula emhlathini onesihlahla;
I-Bimbo - lokhu okuhlukahlukene kuhlukaniswa yisilinganiso saso esincane, umbala wamacembe awo amaqabunga uluhlaza okotshani.

Izinhlobo ezifana neJiuzhaigou Fargesia nePapillae nazo ziyatshalwa.

I-Phyllostachis (Phyllostachys)

Lolu hlobo lommeleli we-bamboo subfamily. Kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-36 zezitshalo ezinezithombo ezinamaphayiphu ekhanyayo noma athotshisiwe, zipendwe ngombala ophuzi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza okotshani noma omnyama. Iziqu zinama-internode amafushane, amapuleti aluhlaza anamaqabunga aluhlaza kanye nama-rhizomes ezinwabuzelayo. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo esinjalo kungahluka kusuka kumasentimitha angama-350 kuya kwangama-550. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:

I-Phyllostachis yegolide ethambile (Phyllostachys aureosulcata)

Isiqu singafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-10, kuyilapho ububanzi bawo bungamasentimitha angama-20-50. Izindawo ezidwebe ngokuqinile zidwetshiwe ngombala onsomi omnyama, imifino iphuzi-golide. I-Spektabilis idume kakhulu phakathi kwabaqambi bezingadi, ehlukaniswa ngeziqu zayo ezinhle ze-zigzag, lesi sitshalo sanikezwa umklomelo we-RHS. Futhi kaningi izinhlobo ezinjenge-Areocaulis ezinamahlumela wombala wegolide zitshalwa, yaphinde yanikezwa umklomelo.

I-Phyllostachis emnyama (Phyllostachys nigra)

Ekuphakameni angafinyelela kumamitha ayi-7. Ngemuva kokuba lesi sitshalo sineminyaka emibili ubudala, iziqu zaso zidwetshwe cishe zaba mnyama. Amacembe amaqabunga amancane anombala oluhlaza okotshani. Lolu hlobo lithandwa kakhulu ezweni lakubo, okungukuthi, eChina naseJapan. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinjengeBoryana zivame ukulinyelwa (ukuphakama cishe ngu-450 cm, amabala avela ebusweni besiqu sivela elangeni) kanye neHemonis (umbala weziqu zawo uluhlaza, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kungaba ngu-900 cm).

I-phyllostachis edible, noma i-moso (Phyllostachys edulis = Bambusa moso)

Imvelaphi evela ezifundeni eziseningizimu mpumalanga yeChina. Lolu hlobo lubhekwa njengolukhulu kulo lonke uhlobo. Ukuphakama kwama-shits kakhulu anezinkambi ezibushelelezi kungafinyelela kumamitha angama-20. Ukwakheka kwesifufula kuhlukaniswa ukubukeka kwayo kabi, ngoba indawo okukhona kuyo izingqimba zayo iyabonakala futhi iyashintshana; endle, kutholakala eBatumi, eSukhimi naseSochi.

Namanje abalimi bahlakulela ama-phyllostahise anjengokuthi: amnandi, uSimpson, ama-pubescent, ama-Meyer, athambile, aguquguqukayo, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, anetwork (bamboo) negolide.

I-Playoblastus (Pleioblastus)

Uhlobo lolo lufanekiselwa yizimbotshana ezimfishane, ezinde, ngenkathi zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-20. Izwe lezitshalo ezinjalo yiChina neJapan. Izinhlobo ezithile zinokumelana kakhulu nesithwathwa ngakho-ke zitshalwa maphakathi nethambeka. Lezi zitshalo zihlukaniswa ngemithunzi yazo, kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinhlobo ezihlanganisiwe zitshalwa kangcono endaweni enokhanya kahle. Ukulima engadini, kunconywa ukukhetha izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

I-Pleioblastus Simon (I-Pleioblastus simonii)

Ukuphakama kwalesi sitshalo kungafinyelela ku-800 cm. Amahlumela aqondile aqhekeziwe anama-internode, ubude bawo bufinyelela kumamitha ayi-0,45. Izindawo zingama-convex. Ubude bamapuleti eqabunga le-lanceolate ngamasentimitha ayi-8-30. Lapho ikhule phakathi kokuphakati, ukuphakama kwesitshalo okunjalo akudluli ku-0.5-0.6 m, kodwa-ke, ihlobisa kakhulu ngoba inamabhishi aminyene neziqu ezinamaqabunga amahle. Uhlobo olubanzi lwe-Variegat lubonakala ngokuthi ngaphezu kwamapuleti eshidi eliluhlaza agcwele kukhona ukushuba okuhlukahlukene kwemichilo yombala wekhilimu.

I-Pleioblastus variegated (Pleioblastus variegatus)

Le nhlobo itshalwa eCaucasus (Sukhumi, Batumi naseSochi). Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kungahluka kusuka ku-0.3 kuya ku-0.9 m. Amahlumela amancanyana aminyene anama-internode amafushane. Amapuleti amaqabunga amahle kakhulu, endaweni yawo eluhlaza kune-pubescence encane, kanye nomucu omhlophe. Uma ebusika kuzoba namaqhwa anamandla, khona-ke amaqabunga esitshalo esinjalo angandiza azungeze, kepha lapho kuqala isikhathi sentwasahlobo akhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalolu hlobo kushesha kakhulu, ngenkathi ikwazi ukwakha izihlahla ezibanzi.

Ungahlakulela futhi i-playoblastus emincane-ileved, ephansi, emincane, ikhekhe, enemibala eluhlaza okotshani, ulayini owodwa, uGinza, uSheena kanye noFortuna, kepha abadumile kakhulu.

Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, ezinye izitshalo nazo zikhulile ezingabamele i-bamboo subfamily, ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izinhlobo ze-shibata ne-indocalamus. Abalimi bahlakulela kuphela omele oyedwa wohlobo lwe-bamboo, okungukuthi, bamboo ojwayelekile.

I-Common Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris)

Lesi sitshalo se-herbaceous siyinqabile. Amahlumela anamaqabunga anenkani anamaqabunga adwetshwe ngombala ophuzi ophuzi. Izindonga zawo ziwugqinsi, futhi kukhona imivimbo eluhlaza ebusweni. Ukuphakama kwamahlumela kungahluka kusuka kumamitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-20, kuyilapho ubukhulu bawo bungamasentimitha angama-4- 10. Ama-elbows angafinyelela ku-0-0-0.45 m ubude. Kukhona i-pubescence ebusweni bamapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza afiphele. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuyaqabukela, imbewu ayakhiwa. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa izindlela zemifino ukusabalalisa lolu bamboo, ngokwesibonelo, ukwaba, ukwahlukanisa isihlahla kanye nama-rhizomes, izinqubo. Kunezinhlobo ezi-3: i-ophuzi ophuzi (wegolide), oluhlaza okotshaniwe nokufekethisiwe (ifinyelela kumamitha ama-3 ukuphakama, ubude bamadolo cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-10). Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:

IStriata. Le nhlobonhlobo incane kunezinhlobo eziphambili. Phakathi kwamadolo kukhona izindawo ezigcwele ophuzi. Izindawo eziluhlaza okomnyama nezimnyama zibekwe ngokungahleliwe phezu kwesiqu.
Vamin. I-bamboo ayinkulu kakhulu. Amabhanela akhiwe ngezansi ayancibilika futhi awugqinsi.
I-Wittata. Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile, ezingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-12. Phezu kwesiqu kukhona inani elikhulu kakhulu lemichilo efana ngokufana nebhakhodi.
IMaculata. Phezu kwesiqu esikhulu esiluhlaza kukhona amachashazi amaningi namabala amnyama. Kusukela onyakeni iziqu zipendwe mnyama.
I-Vamin striat. Ukuphakama kweziqu akunamamitha ayi-5. Phezu kwesiqu sombala oluhlaza okotshani kukhona imithende yombala oluhlaza okotshani. Ama-jumpers akhiwe engxenyeni engezansi yesiqu ayandisiwe.
I-Aureovariegata. Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile ngokwesiko. Phezu kweziqu zegolide ezincane, kukhona imithende yombala oluhlaza okotshani.

Kimmei. Phezu kwesiqu esiphuzi kukhona imivimbo eluhlaza.