IPassiflora isitshalo esiyingqayizivele, esihlala sikhula njalo eza kithi kusuka ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika, e-Australia nase-Asia. Iziqu zawo zimbozwe ngamahlamvu aluhlaza futhi zifana nemivini. Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezimise kahle futhi ezinhle ngokumbobo obuhle obucwebezelayo ngemithunzi ehlukahlukene - ukusuka onsomi okhanyayo kuya obomvu nokumhlophe.
Kuze kube manje, sekutholwe futhi zichazwe cishe izinhlobo ezingama-500 zePassiflor futhi zichaziwe. Inani eliqondile alikasungulwa, njengoba iningi lihluma emahlathini angenakufinyeleleka futhi ongatholakali. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezinikeza izithelo ezidliwayo. Abanye abalimi bazalanisa ukuze bathole izinhlobo zazo ezinhle kakhulu.
Izinhlobo zama-Passiflora namagama anezithombe
IPassiflora Alata endle, ikhula ngokushesha, ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-5. Ekhaya, lesi sitshalo sinosayizi onesizotha xaxa. Ama-Florists awukhulisa endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma efasiteleni elangeni. Izimbali zinemibala emnyama ebomvu noma ye-orange enephunga elimnandi. Amaqabunga angobubanzi obungu-10-15 cm.
Ukuze ukhule, udinga ukuthola ukusekelwa lapho isitshalo sakho sinamathela khona ezintabeni ezinde. Kuyadingeka kaningi ukugawula umvini ukuze kuvele izimbali eziningi. Lolu hlobo luthokozelwa yizithelo ezinamakha, ezinombala omnyama ophuzi we-pulp. Izithelo zifana neparele, kodwa ezinkulu -15 cm ubude futhi zifinyelela ku-10 cm ubukhulu.
Passiflora Foetida (-guquguqukayo) iziqu zalesi sitshalo zimbozwe ngezinwele ezincane. Izimbali zimhlophe noma ukhilimu ngombala obukhulu obungamasentimitha ayi-6. Izithelo ze-Orange zosayizi omncane zinezinyama ezinomhluzi. I-Foetida isitshalo esinomswakama- futhi esinezithombe ezidinga ukufafazwa njalo futhi sigcinwe lapho kunokukhanya okuningi. Kanye njalo emavikini amabili, kuyadingeka ukondla ngomanyolo ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-fluoride.
IPassiflora Royal Star Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezine-tint emhlophe noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngobubanzi, afinyelela ku-10 cm. Izithelo ziwolintshi ngombala, zifana namaqanda enkukhu. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, imbali kufanele iniselwe kakhulu futhiondliwe masonto onke. Ubunzima bokumelana nesithwathwa kanye nokungathobeki kulinywe.
Passiflora Lavender Lady i-liana ekhula ngokushesha ezinezimbali ezinkulu (amasentimitha ayi-10-12) efana nenkanyezi esesimweni sayo. Isikhathi sezimbali sisukela ngo-Ephreli kuya maphakathi ekwindla. Izici zezici zesitshalo ukukhula okusheshayo nokuqina. Lapho kukhula ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukugcina umswakama womhlabathi olinganiselayo nokukhanya okuhle.
IPassiflora Blue Cassiopeia
Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali zohlobo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, olufika ku-12 cm ubukhulu. Ngemuva kwezimbali kunikeza izithelo eziphuzi nezinwe. Ukutshala imbali ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukusungula ukwesekwa okuphezulu, ukuze ama-liana aqhume anamathele ezimpondweni ezinde. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza kusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla.
Passiflora Giant (i-tetrahedral) endle kukhula ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMelika. Isiqu salesi sakhi esihlala sikhona sinesimo se-tetrahedral. Izimbali ezinkulu, ezifika kububanzi obuyi-10 cm, zifana nezinsimbi. Ngaphandle zibomvu ngombala obomvu, futhi ngaphakathi zimhlophe noma zilac. Izithelo eziphuziwe ziluhlaza zifinyelela ku-30 cm ubude nama-10 cm ububanzi. Isitshalo siyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa cishe nanoma yiziphi izimo.
IPassiflora I-Granadilla emnandi
Le nhlobo inemivini emide futhi ebushelelezi, lapho amaqabunga abanzi wombala oluhlaza okhulayo ekhula khona. Izimbali ezinkulu ezinamaphara ansomi namhlophe. Izithelo zingadliwa ophuzi ophuzi, owolintshi noma obomvu.
Ukuze isitshalo siqhakaze futhi sithele izithelo, kufanele sibekwe lapho kunokukhanya okuningi. Ehlobo, udinga ukufafaza amaqabunga nsuku zonke, ngoba umswakama awanele. Ukomisa komhlaba nokuntengantenga kwamanzi akufanele kuvunyelwe. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, zalisa njalo emavikini amabili.
Umhlanga kaPassiflora Lesi sitshalo sivame ezintabeni zaseNingizimu Melika kanye naseMelika Ephakathi. Imivini ikhula ibe ngamamitha ama-4, ibe namaqabunga abanzi futhi abushelelezi angama-8-10 cm.Izimbali ezinkulu ezinamaphawu amhlophe-apinki. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kuvela izithelo ezincane eziphuzi noma ezisawolintshi. Ukukhula okusebenzayo kudinga umswakama ophezulu ngokushisa kwama-degree angama-18-25 Celsius.
Passiflora Umzimba (inyama ebomvu) indawo ekhulayo - North America. Elinye igama "Passiflora Apricot Liana"Ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-10. Iziqu namaqabunga abushelelezi, kukhona izindebe ezinde. Izimbali zincanyana, zinemibala ehlukahlukene, kepha ikakhulukazi kukhona i-hue ebubende. Isitshalo sithela izithelo eziphuzi ngokunambitheka okumnandi.
Passiflora Edulis (edliwayo) I-Liana yalolu hlobo ifinyelela kubude bamamitha ayishumi. Lolu hlobo lunikeza isithelo esingajwayelekile okuthiwa "isithelo sothando"Amajusi, u-ayisikhilimu wenziwe ngezithelo, ezisetshenziswa emithini nasezimonyo. Izimbali zinombala omhlophe-kuze kufike ku-3 cm ububanzi.
Passiflora Karuley (oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) Isitshalo esikhula ngokushesha emvelo ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseBrazil esinezimpande eMedithera naseNgilandi. Ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi "Inkanyezi yeCavalier"kucatshangelwa ukufana kwangaphandle kwembali yezimpawu zakudala zomklomelo. Le nhlobo inezimbali ezinezithunzi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe ezinobubanzi obungu-12 cm nezithelo ezingekho ngaphezu kuka-6 cm.
Passiflora molissima (banana)
Lesi sitshalo sivela ezindaweni eziphakeme zase-Andean. Ihluka ngezithelo ezihlwabusayo nezinkulu (kuze kufike ku-12 cm). Ama-creepers afinyelela kumamitha ayi-7 ubude. Izimbali ezipinki ezinephunga elimnandi zihluma kubo. Ekhaya "UMolissima"inosayizi onesizotha xaxa. Isitshalo esinjalo sidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngokuhambisana nokushisa komoya okulungile, umswakama womhlabathi nokukhanya. Kuletha izithelo zokuqala eminyakeni emibili ngemuva kokutshala.
Passiflora Violacea ikhula ngokushesha ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokusokwa. Inamahlumela amade anamahlamvu aminyene. Ilungele ukudala ukuqothuka kwendawo engadini mpo. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza minyaka yonke ehlobo. Inikeza izimbali ezinamakha ama-shades ahlukahlukene - ukusuka kumhlophe kuya kokhanyayo okhanyayo onesilinganiso esingamasentimitha angama-5-7. Amahlumela avela usuku lonke, kepha ahlala njalo esikhundleni sawo. Lesi sitshalo simelana nokubanda, sibekezelela iqhwa lama-degrees Celsius ayi-15.
Ukunakekelwa kwekhaya lakwaPassiflora
IPassiflora iheha ngobuhle bezimbali nezithelo ezikhethekile. Ugcwalisa amakamelo ngephunga lawo elimnandi. Kwakha umoya wezindawo ezishisayo ezikude endlini. Kungenxa yezimfanelo ezinjalo ukuthi abatshali bezimbali bayayithanda iPassiflora futhi bayikhulise ngenkuthalo.
Lesi sitshalo esingenakuthembeka, kepha ukuze siqhume futhi sithokoze, kufanele ukwazi ukusinakekela, ugcina imithetho elula.
Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sihlala siphansi kwelanga ngqo, futhi umhlaba womile ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, inisele ngesikhathi. Zama ukukwenza nsuku zonke. Umhlaba kufanele ube nomswakama olinganiselayo.
Futhi fafaza njalo amaqabunga aluhlaza ebhodleleni lokufafaza. Sebenzisa amanzi athambile futhi axazululiwe. Futha isitshalo kusihlwa ukuze amaconsi omswakama angabangeli ukushiswa kwamaqabunga. Zama ukungazitholi izimbali.
Iseluleko! Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama owanele wemvelo, beka ebhodweni phezu kwetreyi ngamatshe amanzi.
UHolmskyoldia uyilungu lomndeni wakwa-Iasnatkovye futhi ukhulile njenge-liana yangaphakathi. Izimbali, yize zingenakuqhathaniswa ne-passionflower, kodwa futhi zinokubukeka okuhlobisa kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sikhula kalula lapho sihamba ekhaya, kuncike kuyo yonke imithetho yesondlo. Ungathola zonke izincomo ezidingekayo zokutshala nokunakekela lesi sitshalo kulesi sihloko.
Inhlabathi yePassiflora
Umhlaba wokukhulisa iPassiflora kufanele uthambe, uvunde futhi ungene umoya kahle. Ezitolo, izinketho zomhlabathi ezenziwe ngomumo ziyathengiswa, ngokwesibonelo, nge-lemoni noma nge-begonia.
Uma wenza inhlabathi ngokwakho, udinga ukuxuba ngokulingana okulinganayo noma umhlaba we-sod ne-peat nesihlabathi.
Iseluleko! Yenza ungqimba wokudonsa (amasentimitha ama-2-3) ngamatshe aqhephukile, amatshe amatshe amancane noma ubumba olwandisiwe ezansi kwembiza. Le draina izosusa umswakama owedlulele enhlabathini, ivikele isitshalo emswakama.
Ukufakelwa kwePassiflora
Uhlelo lwezimpande kanye namahlumela wePassiflora anda ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, esigabeni sokuqala, kudingeka ukuthi kutshalwe kabusha unyaka nonyaka. Lokhu kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Izitshalo zabantu abadala zidinga ukufakelwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
Ngaphambi kokuthi "uhambise" imbali endaweni entsha, lungiselele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sika imivini nge-1/3, susa amahlumela omisiwe bese uphatha izingxenye ezisikiwe nge-potanganum permanganate.
Usayizi wembiza yePassiflora
Ekuqaleni kokukhula, imbali idinga isitsha esisejwayelekile sepulasitiki esino ububanzi obungadluli ku-10 cm. Njengoba iPassiflora ikhula, kubalulekile ukukhetha amabhodwe amakhulu kuyo.
Zama ukukhetha umthamo wokuthi kube khona umugqa wevolumu yenhlabathi. Ngokufakelwa, zombili izimbiza zepulasitiki nezokubumba zilungile.
Umanyolo wePassiflora
Yondla imbali ngomanyolo we-organic noma ama-mineral complexes. Dissolve top dress ngamanzi namanzi.
Udinga ukwenza lokhu entwasahlobo nasehlobo kathathu ngenyanga. Njalo ngenyanga nesigamu kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, gqoka imibala, equkethe izinto ezilandelwayo.
Iseluleko! Ukushintshwa kukamanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali kuzoba usizo kusitshalo.
Pruning Passiflora in Spring
Ukusika ngesikhathi kunomphumela omuhle esimeni sembali. Le nqubo isiza ukufeza ukuthokomala okuvundile kwemivini, amahlamvu aminyene nezimbali eziningi. Soka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla sekwephuzile lapho isitshalo sesiqhakaza.
Lahla amahlumela avilapha futhi omile ngokuphelele, futhi unqamule amadala ngamasentimitha amahlanu ngenhla kwezinso. Ngemuva kokusika, beka imbali endaweni emnyama amasonto amabili, bese uyibuyisela ukukhanya.
Iseluleko! Ukusoka kokuqala kungenziwa ngemuva konyaka wokutshala, lapho isitshalo sakhiwa futhi siqiniswa.
Izimbali eziqhakaza izimbali
Uma isitshalo sithola ukukhanya okwanele, siqhakaza kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile. Lapho kugatshuka igatsha (lokhu kwenzeka ngenyanga), kuvela izimbali eziningi kuso.
Ukuze abakwaPassiflora baqhume kakhulu ngaphambi kwekwindla sekwephuzile, musa ukukusonteka kube yindandatho, kepha kuqonde ngokuxhaswa okuphezulu.
IPassiflora ebusika
Izinhlobo eziningi zalesi sitshalo ziyasaba isithwathwa. Ebusika, amazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka +12 degrees Celsius ayabulala imbali. Ngakho-ke, zama ukugcina lesi sitshalo egumbini efudumele bese ngeke sife.
Futhi, vimbela inhlabathi ukuthi isomile futhi ugcine indawo enhle yokukhanya.
Iseluleko! Gcina iPassiflora kude nezindawo lapho kunezinguquko ezingazelelwe zokushisa nokuhlelwa okungakashintshi. Angalahlekelwa wonke amahlamvu namahlumela.
IPassiflora evela kwimbewu ekhaya
Indlela esemqoka esetshenziselwa ukukhulisa iPassiflora. Isikhathi esifanele salokhu nguFebhuwari noMashi. Njengoba udale izimo ezintofontofo zezithombo eziyizithombo, uzothola umphumela emasontweni amabili.
Kepha kwesinye isikhathi isitshalo asiveli ngesikhathi esikhonjisiwe. Isizathu ukuvumelana kwezikhathi eside kwembewu nemvelo. Kulokhu, izithombo zingavela enyangeni eyodwa noma ezimbili.
Iseluleko! Ukusika kuqala imbewu (ngephepheni le-sandpaper) kanye nokufakwa ngawolintshi noma ujusi kalamula kuzosiza ukunciphisa isikhathi se-seedling. Gcina futhi umswakama womhlabathi olinganiselayo futhi uqaphe izinga lokushisa komoya, okungafanele lidlule kuma-25 degrees Celsius.
Ukusakazwa kwe-Passiflora ngokusika
Le ndlela ayijwayelekile ngoba ukuthi imbangela yokusika kwenzeka emanzini. Kulokhu, udinga ukubeka isitshalo emanzini ngamalahle. Ungaguquli amanzi kuze kube yilapho izimpande zivele. Inqubo ithatha izinyanga ezimbili.
Iseluleko! Ngemuva kokuba izimpande zivele, tshala lesi sitshalo emhlabathini futhi uqiniseke ukusimboza nge-greenhouse - kufanelejwayela indawo entsha.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
IPassiflora isitshalo esingenakulibaleka, idinga ukukhanyiswa okuhle okwanele nokunakekelwa okuncane.
- Uma isitshalo yehlise ukukhula futhi ngikubonise amaqabunga aphuzibese eswele amanzi.
- Umqondo weziqu kukhombisa ukuthi umswakama wenhlabathi nomoya uphezulu kakhulu. Misa ukunisela isitshalo isikhashana bese usiyisa endaweni eyomile.
- Uma umvini ukhula, amaqabunga ahlala emancanekhona-ke akukho ukukhanya okwanele. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya noma ukushisa egumbini nakho kuholela amabala amnyama emaqabunga. Beka isitshalo endaweni elula futhi efudumele.
Izinambuzane eziphambili zesitshalo yilezi isicabucabu mite futhi ama-aphid. Kulula ukubhekana nethikhi, kuyadingeka kuphela ekwindla nasentwasahlobo ukwenza ukwelashwa kokuvikela i-passiflora ngamanzi afudumele - umkhaza awuthandi umswakama. Ukususa ama-aphid, ungasebenzisa isixazululo sensipho noma ama-insecticides.
Izici zokuphilisa ze-Passiflora
IPassiflora yaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo zokuphilisa: inomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwezinzwa, ikhulula ukuqwasha, futhi inciphise ukukhathazeka. IPassiflora ikhulula ukuya esikhathini kubantu besifazane. Isiza ngesifo samathumbu.
Umhluzi wePassiflora
Thatha isipuni esisodwa samahlamvu asikiwe nome omisiwe. Thela ingilazi yamanzi abilayo bese ubeka imizuzu engamashumi amabili kubhavu wamanzi. Thela isixazululo bese usipheka kuze kube yilapho ivolumu incishiswa ngesigamu.
Phuza amaconsi amahlanu omhluzi oxutshwe nezipuni zamanzi ngaphambi kokulala. Leli khambi lisiza ukuqeda izinkinga ngohlelo lwezinzwa.
I-Passiflora tincture
Faka amashidi amabili engilazini bese ugcwalisa ngamanzi ashisayo. Mboza bese ushiya imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu. Bese ususa amaqabunga.
Sebenzisa ithisipuni elilodwa lezipuni ezinhlanu ngosuku. Leli khambi lisiza ukunciphisa izifiso zotshwala.
Ama-Florists ayakuthanda ukukhulisa lesi sitshalo esihlukile. Idonsela amehlo futhi ijabulisa ngezimbali zayo ezinhle kakhulu. IPassiflora ayigcini ngokuheha, kepha futhi inezokwelapha eziningi.
Ukuze ujabulele ngokugcwele izinzuzo eziphelele zesitshalo, udinga ukusinakekela kahle. Faka amathiphu, futhi uzokwazi ukukhulisa iPassiflora ekhaya.
