I-perennial rudbeckia ingeyomndeni wakwa-Astrov, odabuka emazweni aseNyakatho Melika. Ngokuvela kwayo, imbali yathola amanye amagama - "uSuzanne onamehlo amnyama" kanye "nesigqoko selanga". Phakathi kwezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, abamele unyaka nonyaka bayatholakala. Lesi sitshalo sikhula kahle hhayi emibhedeni yezimbali nemibhede yezimbali kuphela, kodwa futhi nasezigcekeni ezijwayelekile zegadi.
Izinhlobo zasendulo ze-rudbeckia zingakhula kwisiza esisodwa iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu. Ukuphakama kwesiqu sezimbali kungafinyelela kumamitha amabili, kanti i-inflorescence, efana ne-chamomile, ingamasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu ububanzi. Isigaba esisebenzayo sezimbali sihlala maphakathi nohlobo kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Izimbali zeRudbeckia zingamaphimbo amabili-nombala owodwa, futhi uhlelo lombala lujabulisa ngezinhlobonhlobo: obomvu, ophuzi, nowolintshi. Ama-Florists ayathanda ukukhulisa le mbali, ngoba ithathwa njengento engasho lutho futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nesikhathi esiningi.
Ukuhlakulela i-rudbeckia ye-perennial kusuka embewini emhlabathini ovulekile
Izinhlobo zezitshalo zemvelo zingatshalwa ngembewu, zihlwanyele ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, kodwa futhi kuyenzeka ezitheni zezithombo. Ngokuthola izithombo ezikhulayo, zombili izimo zasekhaya, nohlaza, kanye nemibhede evulekile emhlabeni kufanelekile.
Ukutshala imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile
Lapho utshala imbewu, i-rudbeckia izoqala ukuqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka olandelayo. Uma ungenaso isikhathi sokuqoqa imbewu ye-rudbeckia ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, khona-ke izoqhubeka nokuba khona kwayo ngokuzitshala. Kulokhu, musa ukubhubhisa izitshalo ezihlume kakhulu. Zizokhula kahle ngokwengeziwe uma zimane zinciphisa ukukhula kwesikhashana ngesikhathi.
Ukutshala imbewu eqoqwe emhlabathini ovulekile kunconyelwa ngasekupheleni kukaJuni. Inhlabathi emibhedeni kufanele ibe-acidic, ixege, ingaphefumula, ivundile. Kuhle uma inhlabathi enjalo izokwazi ukugcina umswakama. Uma kunenhlabathi enodaka oluningi lobumba emhlabeni, kufanelekile ukungeza isihlabathi esincane nomanyolo lapho sekumba.
Ukutshala izimbobo zembewu ye-rudbeckia kufanele kulungiselelwe kude kude namasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ngemuva kokutshala imbewu enhlabathini enomswakama, ufafaze ngenhla ngensimbi encane yenhlabathi namanzi ngenhla yokufafaza. NgoSepthemba, kuzovela izimbali, okucacayo ukuthi ukutshala kude ukuze zingaphazamisi ukukhula nokukhula kokusondela kwabo.
Ukutshala imbewu yezithombo
Ukuze ukhule i-rudbeckia ngezithombo, imbewu kufanele itshalwe ezitsheni ezikhethekile phakathi kwentwasahlobo. Ingxube yenhlabathi ithululelwa phansi kwesitsha esilungiselelwe, bese kubekwa imbewu, bese iphinda ibeka inhlabathi (ingabi ngaphezu kwesentimitha). Qiniseka ukuthi uthola ukuthambisa ingaphezulu lomhlabathi nge-sprayer bese uyimboza ngengilazi noma ngokusonga okusobala kwepulasitiki. Ukushisa komoya egumbini lapho iziqukathi zitholakala khona kufanele okungenani kube ngama-20-22 degrees. Ukufafaza kufanele kube okujwayelekile futhi okulinganiselayo.
Ukudlulisa izithombo ezincane ebangeni elikhudlwana kusuka komunye nomunye kwenziwa lapho zikhula, kodwa hhayi ngaphambi kokuvela kwamaqabunga okuqala angama-2-3. Isikhala samahhala sinomthelela ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo nekhwalithi yezithombo. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa inqubo yokuqina, okuzosiza izitshalo ezincane ukuba zisinde ezindlini zesimo sezulu kanye nezinguquko lokushisa ngokuzayo. Njengezinqubo zesilingo, okugeza komoya kuyadingeka.
Ukutshala nini futhi kanjani izithombo ze-rudbeckia emhlabathini ovulekile
Imibhede yezimbali kanye nemibhede yezimbali ingatshalwa ngezithombo ze-rudbeckia cishe ngeviki lokugcina likaMeyi. Isimo sezulu ngalesi sikhathi kufanele sivele sifudumele, futhi inhlabathi isifudumeziwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwizitshalo ezingakakhuli futhi ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zayo nezinhlobonhlobo ezingeke zisinde emazingeni okushisa aphansi noma kusihlwa.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezithombo zezithombo ze-rudbeckia, kuyadingeka ukuqapha isimo sezulu futhi uma kwehla okungalindelekile ekushiseni komoya, kungcono ukumboza izitshalo (ngokwesibonelo, kusuka ku-agrospan). Ngemuva kokubamba imbala, akukho ukupholisa kwe-rudbeckia okuyingozi futhi.
Ibanga phakathi kwezimbobo zokutshala lincike ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo. Ukuze ube mude, kungcono ukushiya okungenani amasentimitha angama-70, futhi imibala ephansi - amasentimitha angama-30- 40 azokwanela. Ukujula kokutshala izithombo kufanele kuhambisane nokujula kokukhula kwezitshalo esitsheni. Lesi yisidingo sokuthuthuka okugcwele kwe-rudbeckia.
Ukukhula okuhle nokudla okufanele, kanye nokwakha izimo ezintofontofo zokuthuthuka, inhlabathi emibhedeni yezimbali kufanele imbozwe ngesendlalelo se-mulching esiqukethe umquba obolile (cishe amasentimitha ayi-10 ubukhulu).
Ukufakelwa kweRudbeckia
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kunconywa ngoMashi noma ngoSepthemba - Okthoba, kepha akunasikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo nokuqhakaza kwezimbali. URudbeckia, okhule endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engama-4-5, uphenduka isihlahla esikhulu esinezimbali eziningi zamantombazane. Ziphazamisa komunye nomunye futhi ukufakelwa kwesitshalo okunjalo kubalulekile.
Okokuqala udinga ukugaya ngokucophelela lonke ihlathi, bese uhlukanisa isiqaqa salo sibe izingxenye eziningi bese utshala ingxenye ngayinye kumgodi ohlukile wokufika.
Izindlela zokwenziwa kabusha kwe-rudbeckia nokunakekelwa kwayo emhlabathini ovulekile
I-Rudbeckia ingasabalalisa ngembewu kanye nokwehlukana kwezinga.
Lesi sitshalo sithathwa njengenganambitheki, akudingeki uchithe isikhathi esiningi usinakekela. Isimo sezulu esomile kanye nokuphuza okungatheni akuyona into embi kuye. Ngobudala, i-rudbeckia iqala ukusabela ngendlela engeyihle kumaqabunga avela ekwindla.
Kungcono ukukhetha isiza sokukhula kwe-rudbeckia endaweni lapho ilanga liningi lesikhathi, bese kuvela umoya nokusalungiswa ngamanani amancane. Ukufiphaza okuncane nokufushane ngeke kusilimaze isitshalo.
Ukuchelela kwenziwa kuphela lapho umhlabathi womile, ukugcwala ngokweqile komswakama kuyinto engathandeki.
I-Rudbeckia ikhula kahle ngaphandle kokufaka umanyolo owengeziwe, kepha esiteji sokuqala sokuthuthuka kwezitshalo, ungenza umanyolo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo.
Kunconywa ukususa ngesikhathi izihlahla eziqhakaza izimbali kusuka ku-inflorescence evele yavela. Lokhu kuzoba nomthelela ekwakhekeni kwezimbali ezintsha nokuqhakaza okusebenzayo.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-rudbeckia, ezikhula ngaphezu kwamamitha amaningi ukuphakama, kufanele ziboshwe ukuze iziqu zesitshalo zingonakaliswa ngaphansi kwesisindo sazo noma kusuka ekujuleni komoya.
I-Rudbeckia ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali
Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili nezintathu zezimbali, i-rudbeckia inika imbewu. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uzinikeze isikhathi sokoma ngqo kuma-inflorescence, bese uziqoqa ngokucophelela ngeglavu yentambo. Ngemuva kokuqoqa, imbewu kumele isatshalaliswe ephepheni futhi ishiywe egumbini elinomoya omuhle wokujikeleza kuze kube ome ngokuphelele.
Izitshalo zasebusika
I-perennial rudbeckia idinga ukulungiswa ubusika. Okokuqala, kunconywa ukuthi usike ngokuphelele zonke izingxenye ezingaphezulu kwesihlahla sezimbali, bese wakhe ikhava yengxenye yezimpande kusuka kumaqabunga awile, amagatsha e-spruce noma e-humus.
I-Rudbeckia ekwakhiweni komhlaba
- Amabanga aphezulu e-rudbeckia imaski ngokungemihle engadini.
- Amabanga aphansi asetshenziselwa imingcele kanye nokuhlelwa kwezimbali.
- Zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-rudbeckia zihlanganiswe kahle nezinye izimbali nazo zonke izitshalo ezingadini yezimbali.
Izifo, izilokazane nezinye izinkinga ezikhulayo
Lapho nje kunokwephulwa okukhulu emithethweni yokunakekelwa kwezitshalo, i-rudbeckia ngokushesha iba buthakathaka, ibe sengozini nezinambuzane, futhi lesi sifo siqala ukusihlasela sivela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ngasikhathi sinye.
I-Powdery mildew inqunywa ngu-coating omhlophe ongezansi kwesitshalo. Imbali ingalashwa ngokufafaza ngesisombululo esilungiselelwe kusuka kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi nama-gramu angama-80 we-sulphate yethusi.
I-nematode inqunywa amabala ansundu kumaqabunga. Uma lesi sitshalo singesezinhlobo zaminyaka yonke noma ze-biennial, khona-ke kuyinto efiselekayo ukuyisusa ngokuphelele ukuze lesi sifo singasakazeki kwabanye abamele izimbali. Izinhlobo zasendulo ze-rudbeckia ezithintwe yi-nematode kumele ziphathwe ngamalungiselelo akhethekile (isibonelo, i-Nemagon, i-Bazamid).
Lapho izinambuzane ezidla engxenyeni yeqabunga lezitshalo (ngokwesibonelo, amacimbi), kunconywa ukuthi ziphathe ngamalungiselelo wezinambuzane.
