Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-zamurai ekhaya

Lesi sitshalo sihlanganisa izinzuzo eziningana ngasikhathi sinye: ukubukeka okukhangayo, iphunga elimnandi le-citrus lezimbali, izakhiwo zokupholisa amaqabunga, izithelo. Ngasikhathi sinye, u-muraya akazithobi - ngisho nomlimi oqalayo angamnakekela. Udinga kuphela ukwazi imithetho yokuqukethwe. Kepha sizokhuluma ngezici zokunakekela lesi sitshalo esishisayo ekhaya kulesi sihloko.

Izici zikaMurai

Lesi sitshalo esixakile saqanjwa ngemuva kokutholwa - usosayensi waseSweden uYu.A. UMurray Ngokwemvelo, iMuraya isihlahla esihlala sikhula njalo esi-2 kuya ku-5 amamitha.. Ikhula ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseSoutheast Asia, eNyakatho Australia, eziqhingini zoLwandle iPacific.

I-evergreen Muraya ngezithelo

Indoor Muraiya - umuthi ongapheli onomqhele omnyama noma isihlahla esikhanyayo. Ngokuya ngohlobo, ukuphakama kwalo kungamamitha angama-0.3 - 1.5.

Izimpawu eziphambili zangaphandle:

• Qoba amaqabunga e-pinnateengafakwanga nemikhakha emincane engu-5 kuye kwele-7 okuyindawo engasebenzi kahle. Amapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama acinene, acwebezelayo, abushelelezi.
• Isiqu okukhanyayo okumpunga okukhanyayo ngopende ophuzi.
• Amahlumela aguquguqukayo: ezitshalweni ezincane ezinqenqemeni elithambile, kubantu abadala - abushelelezi.
• Izimbali zibukeka njengeminduze emincane: akukho ngaphezu kuka-2 cm ubukhulu, omhlophe noma ukhilimu ngombala. Ngamunye wabo unama-petals angama-5 agobekile emuva. Zikhula zodwa noma zibuthene kuma-inflemc inflorescence e -hlanga.
• Izithelo zibomvu ngokugqamile noma zimnyama., ebushelelezi, ecwebezelayo, ngobude - azidluli ku-2 cm. Ngaphakathi kukhona imbewu engu-1 - 2, kuye ngosayizi webheli.

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, uMuraya ukhipha iphunga elimnandi - inhlanganisela yephunga likawolintshi nejasmine, alithathela igama elithi "i-orange jasmine". Muhle kakhulu, njengesilwane sasekhaya esiluhlaza, kepha usenezinto zokupholisa.Izithelo zivuthwa ezinyangeni ezi-4, ziyadliwa, zicebile ezintweni eziphilayo ezisebenzayo.

Izinhlobo

Uhlobo Muraya luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziyishumi, kodwa ezintathu kuphela ezilungele i-floriculture yangaphakathi.

I-Panicle

UMuraya paniculata

Amanye amagama - exotic, ukwethuka. Le nhlobonhlobo ethandwayo isihlahla esidabukisayo, esikhula ngokushesha kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,5 ukuphakama. Izimbali ziyavela ngonyaka we-5-8 wokuphila. Izithelo zingumbala onsundu, zifana namajikijolo e-hawthorn. Abakhethiwe bavulele izinhlobo ezintsha zalolu hlobo.:

• minima - umuthi omude ongamamitha ayiqhakaza lapho kuvela amaqabunga ambalwa okuqala, izinhlobonhlobo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhula i-bonsai.
• min-a-min - isihlahla esihle kakhulu sokuphakama kwemitha; emazweni anesimo sezulu esifudumele, ama-hedges enziwe ngawo;
• icwecwe elincane - umuthi omncane omude ka-10-15 cm, uthathwa njengezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla.

Ngesinye isikhathi, abatshali bezitshalo zasendlini banikezela "i-Dutch Murayu." Igama alivezi izinhlobonhlobo, kepha izwe lapho laqhamuka khona. Le muraia evamile ethukile, iyahluka ngendlela yokutshala: Izithombo ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 zibekwa ngokushesha ebhodweni. I- "Dutch" inomqhele oshubile, kepha izimbali ziyindilinga noma akuqali nakancane.

Aronia Koenig

UMurraya Koenig Aronia

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, ayinazo kuphela izimbali nezithelo, kodwa futhi namaqabunga anephunga le-tart. Ngakho-ke, zengezwe ku-curry yokudla kokunambitha. Izimbali zikakhilimu, zivele ngonyaka ongu-2 - 4. Izithelo zimnyama kanti imbewu inoshevu.

I-Dwarf

Dwarf Muraya

Lesi isihlahla esincane sifinyelela ku-70 cm amade. Kubonakala ngenxa yokuguquka kwemvelo - akekho ochaza umsuka walolu hlobo. Amaqanda okuqala ezimbali avele abonakala lapho kuvela amaqabunga amabili kuya kwayi-3. Iqhakaza unyaka wonke, ikhiqizwa kuphela ngembewu.

Ukufakelwa

Indlela ethembeke kunazo zonke yokuthola i-muraiu eqhakaza ukukhula kusuka ezilinganisweni zamajikijolo avuthiwe wesitshalo esifanayo. Kwenze ngokulandelana okulandelayo.:

1. Amathambo akhululwa enyameni, ugeze futhi umanzi amahora amabili kusisombululo se-potanganum permanganate.
2. Ukuze imbewu zidonsa zifake kugwebu elimanzi ku-greenhouse nekhava. Izinga lokushisa ligcinwa liphezulu, kuze kufike ku-30 ​​℃. Amahlumela avela kungakapheli isonto.
3. Imbewu enezimpande ezinhle iyakhethwa futhi icindezelwe ngo-0.5 cm kumhlabathi omanzi ovela kwinhlanganisela yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat.
4. Balahlekelwe yisitsha noma ifilimu, ibekwe endaweni efudumele ekhanyayo.
5. Ngemuva kwesigamu senyanga kuqhuma futhi zokutshala ziqala ukufutheka: Ifilimu ivulwa amahora ama-2 - 3 ngosuku, uma kunesidingo, fafaza inhlabathi ngamanzi.
6. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amabili kuya kwayi-3, izithombo zitshalwa ezitsheni ezihlukile ezine-substrate yezitshalo zabantu abadala.

Kuhluma uMuraya

KwaMurai, inhlabathi elula, evulekile ne-acidity engathathi hlangothi noma ikhuphukile kancane - akukho ngaphezu kwe-6 - 7.5 pH. Indlela elula kunazo zonke ukuthenga inhlabathi ye-citrus esitolo bese wengeza i-baking powder - perlite, vermiculite. Kwesinye isikhathi i-substrate ilungiswa nguwe: hlanganisa ngokulingana okulingene kwenhlabathi yesoddy, inhlabathi ethathwa ngokuqinile, i-humus nesihlabathi, njengempuphu yokubhaka. Izitshalo ezincane ziyayidinga okuthe xaxa. Inhlabathi enjalo iqala ukubulawa magciwane - ithululelwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate noma i-calcined.

I-Microclimate

Ezimweni zemvelo, iMuraiya ikhula emahlathini ashisayo, ngakho-ke lapho zizalela indlu kubalulekile ukudala i-microclimate ejwayelekile.

• Ukushisa UMuraya uzizwa ekhululekile ku-22 - 25 ℃ entwasahlobo nasehlobo futhi 15 - 18℃ ekwindla-ebusika, umkhawulo ophansi ngu-12 ℃. Akakuthandi ukushisa, izinga lokushisa liyashintsha.
• Umswakama. Umswakama ojwayelekile wezindlu zasemadolobheni ulungele iMurai, umkhawulo - 70%. Lapho umoya womile, ufafazwa izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngosuku, kwesinye isikhathi hlambulula amahlamvu eshawini, ngasikhathi sinye ususe uthuli.
• Indawo. Ukubekwa kweMurai kungcono ukhethe amawindows asentshonalanga noma asempumalanga, kepha kude nemishini yokushisa. Ehlobo, ugcinwa engadini noma kuvulandi.

UMurayu akufanele ashiywe elangeni eliqondile.

• Isibani Isibani esikhanyiselwe kahle siyilungele kakhulu i-muraya. Ebusika, amahora emini akhuphuka ngobuciko kufika emahoreni ayi-12 - 14 usebenzisa ama-phytolamp.

Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya uMuraya Ekhaya

Ukugcina iso ku-muraya kulula, kodwa ukuze azizwe ekhululekile, izici ezilandelayo kumele zibhekwe:

• Ukunisela. Amanzi kufanele avikelwe noma ahlungiwe - i-muraya iyazwela i-chlorine. Amabhodlela afanele, ancibilikisiwe futhi abilisiwe emanzini okushisa egumbini. UMuraya uthanda umswakama, kepha okwedlulele kulimaza izimpande. Isiginali sokunisela okulandelayo ingqimba yenhlabathi eyomile. Kwesinye isikhathi amaconsi ambalwa weviniga ye-apula cider noma kalamula afakwa emanzini ukuze kugcinwe inhlabathi esezingeni le-acid.

Lapho uMuraya eqala ukukhula ngentshiseko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiphuzisa njalo

• Umsoco Ngokugqoka, futhi udinga ukwazi isilinganiso. Umanyolo ufakwa kanye ngenyanga isigamu sehora ngemuva ukuthambisa. Kulokhu, ukwakheka okukhethekile kwe-bonsai kufanelekile, umanyolo wamaminerali we-liquid wezitshalo eziqhakazayo zasekhaya. Sebenzisa imvelo ephezulu yokugqoka.
• Izihlahla. Phina iMuraia uma kunesidingo - uma amahlumela ngamanye eba made kakhulu noma akhula ngendlela engafanele. Ukwakha umqhele omuhle, kwanele ukushintsha njalo imbiza - baphendukela ekukhanyeni ezinhlangothini ezihlukile.

UMuraiya akanaso isikhathi sokuphumula, kepha kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari uyinkcenkceshelwa kancane futhi akadliwa.

Amaphutha Akhulayo

IMuraiya ayithobeki, kepha ukwephulwa okukhulu kokukhathalela kuthinta isimo samaqabunga, izimbali. Amaphutha ajwayelekile anqunywa indlela isitshalo esisebenza ngayo.:

Izinkinga	Izizathu
UMuraya ulahla amaqabunga.	Ukuntuleka kokukhanya.
Kushiya amaqabunga aphuzi aphuzi. Izimbali ziyawa.	Umswakama ophansi.
Isitshalo siyabuna.	Ukushisa okuphansi kakhulu. Okusalungiswa Okubandayo.
Amahlumela ezansi aphenduka aba mnyama.	Umswakama owengeziwe nokubola kwezimpande.
Izindawo ezingenamabala kumaqabunga, esizeni lapho kwakhiwa khona izindawo ezomile.	Ilanga: isitshalo asishiywanga elangeni, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokunisela.
Ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza.	Umoya omile kakhulu, okwenza impova ibe yinyumba.
Izimbali ziyekile noma zinciphile.	Umanyolo owengeziwe.
UMuraya uyeka ukuqhakaza ebusika.	Ububi bokukhanya kwemini: udinga ukuyandisa nge-phytolamp.

Ukufakelwa

Lapho imbiza yezimbali incipha futhi izimpande zibonakala ngemigodi yokudonsa, UMuraya uyatshalwa: izitshalo ezincane, kuze kube seminyakeni engu-5 ubudala, minyaka yonke, abantu abadala - njalo eminyakeni emi-2. Umthamo walokhu ukhethwa ngo-1-3 cm mkhulu kunowedlule.

UMuraya udluliswa ngokudluliselwa komhlaba ngaphandle kokuchitha inqwaba yomhlaba ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

1. Embizeni entsha uthele amanzi cishe ikota, ngaphezulu kwayo kuyingqimba yenhlabathi.
2. Thatha isitshalo i-spatula enenqwaba yomhlaba, ngaphandle kokuthinta izimpande, futhi ibekwe esitsheni esisha.
3. Fafaza ngaphezulu nasezinhlangothini zenhlabathikepha ungamphuli.
4. Ekugcineni, nisela bese uhlolaukuze intamo yezimpande ingambozi umhlabathi.

Ngemuva kokufakelwa, uMurayu ubekwa ekhoneni eli-shaded isonto lonke, abese ebuyela endaweni yakhe evamile futhi aqhubeke nokunakekela kwawo kwangaphambilini. Ukugqoka okuphezulu akuqali ngaphambi kwenyanga ngemuva kokufakelwa.

UMurayu uyakufanelekela ukuba ekhaya - lesi sitshalo esingandile lapho ungagcina khona kanyekanye amaqanda, nezimbali, nezithelo. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, uzojabulisa abanye iminyaka eminingi.