Ama-silhouette angumfanekiso wesundu wesundu wesundu

Uhlobo lwezihlahla zesundu ze-areca zimelelwa izitshalo ezinhle kakhulu, inzuzo eyinhloko ubuhle bawo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi sivame ukubiza umuthi wesundu we-chrysalidocarpus njengento ehluke ngokuphelele, kokubili emvelweni nasengeni layo lezimboni, ama-arecs angempela abonwa ekuqaleni kokuqala. Akunakubekwa phakathi kwezitshalo ezithandwa kakhulu zasendlini, kepha ngezindlela eziningi kungenye yezindlela ezilula zokukhulisa izinkanyezi ezinkulu zesundu. I-Areca inezinzuzo eziningi, futhi akunamaphutha, ngaphandle kothando lomswakama. Lesi sihlahla sesundu sifanelwe ukuthandwa okwengeziwe nokwaziswa kwezangaphakathi njengezivumelwano ezinkulu.

I-Areca yellowing (i-Areca lutescens), noma i-Gioforba indica (iHyophorbe indica). © Kyle Wicomb

AbakwaCareechu abangakhohliwe ngokungeyikho neze nodadewabo wesundu

I-betel palm, edume ngezithelo zayo ezinomsoco, lapho i-betel edume isembiwa khona, igcina izakhiwo eziwusizo yize ikhule ngaphakathi. Lesi ngesinye sezitshalo ezihlanza umoya kakhulu, esidonsa ubuthi kanye nokwandisa umoya-mpilo. Kepha ubuhle bomsindo we-arek buningi.

I-Areca (I-Areca) - - izihlahla ezinkulu zesundu zomdabu zaseAsia ezishisayo. Kubo bonke ngaphandle kokukodwa, isiqu esincanyana, esingelona igatsha elinendawo ebushelelezi namasongo amahle ashiywe emaqabunga awile siba sobala kuphela lapho sineminyaka yobudala. Ama-areca amancanyana abonakala njengesixha samaqabunga akhephuzelayo, futhi uma usuhlolisisa eduze ungabona iziqu zawo. Lapho lesi sitshalo siba sikhulile, kuphakama amaqabunga, futhi ezindala ezindala ezimweni zemvelo, zitholakala kuphela phezulu amahlumela.

E-areca esemncane ngaphansi kwesiqu, ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi ubona uhlobo lwezithelo, amaqabunga akhula kulo. Akusoze kwalimala: ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingane iyahlukanisa lapho isundu likhipha konke ukugcinwa kwezakhi ezikuqukethe.

Amaqabunga ayindlela enhle yezitshalo. Lapho ikhula inyuka, zakha imigqa emihle ngokumangazayo, ihlala kuma-petioles aminyene kodwa amafushane, ahlelwe ngokuhlukile futhi, njengezintende eziningi, i-cirrus. Amabhande afana ne-Belt noma lanceolate, ama-lobes amancanyana futhi anzima amaqabunga ama-wai amakhulu, ngenxa yendawo evumelana nendawo nendawo ecwebezelayo, abukeka njengamabala, nenhle ngokumangalisayo. Izingcezu zamaqabunga ze-areca zidalwe ngaphandle kwe-rachis ephakathi. Ngokwesiko elingaphakathi, i-areca ayiqhakaza, futhi ngisho nasezingadini ze-botanical kanye nama-greenhouse kucishe kungenzeki ukulinda ukukhishwa kwama-cob inflorescences akhiwe ngaphansi komqhele kwizibazi zamakhasi amadala futhi afinyelele cishe ku-1 m ubude.

I-Areca tri-stamen (Areca triandra). © Kyle Wicomb

Kwezinhlobo eziyishumi zemvelo ze-areca, izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela ezisetshenziswa emasikweni egumbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uphawu lwazo zonke izitshalo lukhona I-Areca Catechu (I-Areca catechu) - umuthi wesundu obabazekayo obabazekayo, owaziwa kangcono ngokuthi isende betel. Ikhula ifinyelela kumamitha angama-20 ngokwemvelo, futhi ngokwesiko lamagumbi ilinganiselwe ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-3, kancane kancane ibumba isiqu esinobubanzi bamashumi amasentimitha ambalwa futhi ikhulule amade amade kakhulu, amancanyana arcuate amashidi, ubude bawo angafinyelela ku-1.5-2 m. ICatechu inezindlela eziningi zokuhlobisa. Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-longicarpa emfishane.

Ngaphezu kwe-areca catechu, kukhona futhi ophuzi be-areca (I-Areca lutescens, namuhla ozithobile kuhlobo oluhlukile lwesihlahla sesundu - I-Gioforba Indica (i-hyophorbe indica unomusa IGioforba (IHyophorbe)) no i-areca-ezintathu (I-Areca triandra) Lesi sakamuva yisitshalo esifinyelela kumamitha amabili ukuphakama ngesigaxa esincanyana futhi amaqabunga aqondile aqonde ku-1.5 m. Izigaba ngazinye ze-cirrus vai zingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1 ubude (futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, zibanzi impela, kwesinye isikhathi ziye kufinyelela ku-5 cm). Lesi sundu, ngokungafani nawo wonke amanye ama-areca, asikwazi ukukhiqiza singekho, kodwa si-2-3. I-areca ephuzi ikhula ngokulingana, ibe nesiqu esikhulu futhi isigaxa sakha emaceleni size sifinyelele kumamitha ayi-1.5 ubude ngezinxenye ezihlelwe kakhulu, ezihlukaniswe ngokuqinile kwejometri.

I-Areca tri-stamen (Areca triandra), noma Gioforba indica (Hyophorbe indica). © Kyle Wicomb

I-Areca catechu (Areca catechu), noma iBetel yesundu. © seabreezenurseries

I-Areca yellowing (i-Areca lutescens), noma i-Gioforba indica (iHyophorbe indica). © Jungle Rebel

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Areca ekhaya

I-Areca, kokubukeka kwayo nasezintweni zokukhula, ibizwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokuthi izihlahla zesundu ezijwayelekile. Ukuze ukhule lesi sitshalo, kwanele ukwazi okungenani izisekelo eziyisisekelo zokunakekela noma yimuphi umeleli walezi zimangaliso zasendlini. Enye yezinzuzo eziphambili zesiko ukukwazi ukuzivumelanisa nakho nokukhanya kanye nokushisa kwegumbi elijwayelekile. Konke okudingekayo empumelelweni ukuhlinzeka i-areca okungenani nomswakama omncane womoya kanye nomswakama ongaphansi womhlaba ongaphansi. Ubunzima kuphela ukukhetha indawo efanelekile ye-areca. Lesi sihlahla sesundu sinamakamelo abanzi, amakamelo anophahla olwanele olugcizelela isikhala futhi eletha indawo ephakeme kunoma yikuphi ukubekwa.

I-Areca isiko elinobuthi, kepha ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke izithelo zalo, ezingaboshelwa ezimweni zangaphakathi. Amahlamvu angaba ubuthi kuphela uma asetshenziswa ngaphakathi nasekhaya. Kepha ukufakelwa kanye nezinye izinqubo akudingi neze izindlela zokuqapha.

Ukukhanyisa i-Areca Catechu

I-Areca catechu, njengalezi ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ze-areca, ngisho nasenkambisweni yamakamelo kuhlala isitshalo esinemifanekiso eminingi. Kuhle ukuhlinzeka ngendawo ngokukhanya okugqamile okuhlanganisiwe kwalesi sandla. Umuthi wesundu uyakwazi ukumelana nokukhanya kwelanga ngokuqondile kusihlwa nasekuseni kuphela, kepha kungabi ngaphezu kwamahora ayi-1-2. Ezesabisa kakhulu izihlahla ezincane zesundu ezineminyaka engu-1 kuya kwele-6, okuthi lapho kukhanya okukhanya zithole ukushiswa yilanga futhi zingabuyiswanga kahle. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-areca isabela kahle ekunciphiseni ukukhanya kwesizini ebusika futhi ungahlupheki kakhulu uma ungenalo ithuba lokuhambisa intende endaweni ekhanyiselwe kakhudlwana. Emthunzini we-areca, i-catechu ayikhuli.

Ukuze uphumelele ukukhula kwe-areca futhi uveze ubuhle bamahlamvu awo, udinga ukuphendula izitshalo njalo maqondana nomthombo wokukhanya, ngoba lesi sandla sincike ukukhanya nomqhele waso ujikela elangeni. Uma uvula njalo imbiza cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ngeviki, uhlala uhambela endaweni eyodwa, uzokwakha umfaniswano, umqhele omuhle ngokumangalisayo futhi uzuze i-silhouette ebonakalayo yamaqabunga arched.

I-Areca catechu (Areca catechu), noma iBetel yesundu. © Vivero de Palmas

Ukushisa okunethezekayo

Umbuso wokushisa we-arek kufanele ufudumale ngangokunokwenzeka. Lesi esinye sezihlahla zesundu esithanda ukushisa kakhulu, esizizwa singcono kakhulu ekushiseni komoya. Uhla lokushisa olufanele ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima be-areca lungatholakala kuphela ehlobo. Lesi sundu sizizwa sikhululekile kakhulu ekushiseni komoya okungama-30 degrees nangaphezulu. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, akufanele wesabe nalolu hlobo lwesundu. I-Areca catechu ivumelana kahle nebanga lokushisa lekamelo elijwayelekile. Into esemqoka abanikazi bayo okufanele bayinakekele ukuvikela lesi sitshalo kumazinga okushisa eshona ngaphansi kuka-18 degrees Celsius nasekuqhumeni okushisa (ikakhulukazi ngenkathi ebandayo). I-Areca empeleni ayinaso isikhathi sokuphumula; ayidingi ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ebusika ngisho nangama-degree ambalwa. Izimo ezifudumele ziba ngcono.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lezi zintende zisabela kahle emoyeni omusha, kufanele zivikeleke kokubhaliwe, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi kubanda komoya. Kepha igumbi ngokwalo, lapho sitholakala khona lesi sundu, kudingeka lingeniswe umoya kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukunisela nomswakama

Okwe-areca, kuyadingeka ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile, okubandakanya ikakhulukazi ukunisela ngohlelo. Lesi sihlahla sesundu asiphathi kabi kakhulu hhayi ekunikezeleni amanzi njalo, kepha futhi nasekuthaleni ngokweqile ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, i-areca ngokulinganayo ayithandi ukungasebenzi kahle, futhi ukomiswa okuncane kakhulu kwe-substrate. Kulesi sihlahla sesundu, kuyadingeka ukwenza izinqubo ezijwayelekile zamanzi, uqiniseke ukuthi uhlola izinga lokomiswa kwe-substrate. Inhlabathi ezitsheni kumele yomile ekujuleni kuka-2-3 cm, emva kwalokho ungalandela ukuthambisa okulandelayo.

Kepha umzuzu onzima kakhulu ngokunisela i-areca catechu ukukhethwa kwamanzi uqobo. Lesi sandla esingesihle kakhulu esivela emndenini sithola amanzi alukhuni. Okwe-areca, kungcono ukusebenzisa hhayi ukuma nje kuphela, kepha imvula, amanzi ancitshisiwe noma ancibilikile. Uma kungeke kwenzeke ukusebenzisa amanzi athambile kakhulu, khona-ke kufanele kufakwe amaconsi ambalwa kalamula noma yiliphi uviniga wezithelo zemvelo emanzini okuchelela, osekuphele okungenani izinsuku ezintathu, ukuthambisa.

I-Areca ayizukufa ezimweni ezijwayelekile zamakamelo futhi ibekezelela nomoya omile kahle, kepha ihlasela ngokungathandeki amaqabunga ezitshalo. Ukuze ube nesihlahla sesundu, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngezinkomba okungenani zesilinganiso somswakama, okulula ukusilawula ngokumane kufafaze amahlamvu. Uma kungenzeka ukufaka ama-humidifiers, u-Areca uzokubonga ngokukhazimula kwamaqabunga kanye nombala ogcwele ngokwengeziwe.

I-Areca catechu (Areca catechu). © Nick C

Ukugqoka kweBetel yesundu

Umanyolo we-areca catechu nezihlobo zawo awusetshenziswanga kuphela entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kodwa unyaka wonke. Kulesi sihlahla sesundu, kwanele ukwenza ukugqoka okujwayelekile ngokuvama kwesikhathi esingu-1 kumaviki ama-2 esikhathini esisebenzayo nesikhathi esi-1 ngenyanga ekwindla nasebusika. Umanyolo womhlaba wonke ophelele noma izingxube ezikhethekile zezihlahla zesundu zilungele kangcono i-areca.

Ukuthenwa kwe-Areca

Izihlahla zesundu ezivela kuhlobo lwe-Arek zenqatshelwe ngokuphelele. Amaqabunga ezihlahla angenza izitshalo zimane zife. Ngisho nokuqothuka, amaqabunga athintekile adinga ukufinyezwa kuphela kwizicubu ezinempilo, kusale umugqa omncane wezindawo ezomile phambi kwawo. Ukusika wonke amaqabunga ngenxa yendawo ejulile yesitho sangasese kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi, ingasaphathwa eyokusabalala kwezifo.

Transplant kanye substrate

Isendlalelo se-Areca catechu kulula kakhulu ukukhetha. Njengezihlahla eziningi zesundu, idinga isisefo sendawo somswakama esivumelekile, esinempilo futhi esisebenza kahle. Isici esiyingqayizivele sesandla ukuthi sikhula kangcono enhlabathini enama-acid amaningi, kepha inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi iyamukeleka ngokuphelele, inqobo nje uma ikhwalithi yamanzi ibhekwa. Kungcono ukukhetha isakhi sendawo esenziwe ngomumo semithi yesundu ye-areca noma sisebenzise noma yimuphi umxube owenziwe wonkana ngokufakwa ekudleni kwamathambo, i-peatse peat, i-bark yephayini, amalahle noma ezinye izinto zokwakha. Isibonelo, inhlanganisela esekwe ezweni lakwa-sod ilungele i-areca, okufakwe kuyo uhhafu wenhlabathi eshidi kanye ne-peat kanye nesihlabathi kanye ne-humus kane.

I-Areca catechu ingatshalwa kuphela kwentwasahlobo, ekuqaleni kokukhula okusebenzayo, ngesikhathi sokwanda okubukhali kobude bamahora wemini. Ngisho nezihlahla zesundu ezincane azitshalwa minyaka yonke, kepha zidingeka kuphela. Isibonakaliso sokuthi intende kufanele ikhuphule umthamo ukugcwaliswa kwesigatshana ngezimpande. Lapho ukufakelwa, kubalulekile ukuphatha ngokucophelela inqwaba yobumba, zama ukugwema ukuxhumana ngisho nezimpande ezincane futhi ulondoloze ngokucophelela yonke inhlama yenhlabathi icishe ingafakwa. Isihluthulelo sokufakelwa kwezinto kukwakha ungqimba olungaphezulu lwamanzi ngaphansi kwezimbiza. Lapho utshala, qiniseka ukuthi impande yentende yesandla ihlala isezingeni elifanayo. Akumelwe kungcwatshwe ngaphansi kwezimo noma nini, ngakho-ke cabanga ukushwabana kwenhlabathi.

Uma uthenge i-areca etshalwe ebhodweni lezitshalo eziningana ukuthuthukisa ukuqina, ngakho-ke akunakuthi ungahlukanisi izitshalo. Njengomphumela wokuhlukumezeka ukuya engxenyeni encane yezimpande, noma yisiphi isundu singafa, futhi ukwahlukana nokulimala okungathí sina kungaholela engcupheni yokulahlekelwa yiqembu lonke. Esikhathini esizayo, kuyadingeka ukukhula i-areca futhi eqenjini eliqinile, ngaphandle kokwehlukanisa.

Ngemuva kokufakelwa, i-areca idinga isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nobushelelezi. Ngaphambi kokuqala kabusha izimpawu zokukhula kwesitshalo, kuyadingeka ukubamba okungenani izinsuku ezimbalwa ezimweni ezishisayo, shading, ngomswakama ozinzile futhi unake ngokukhethekile ukuqina komswakama ongaphansi komhlaba.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-Areca catechu, njengazo zonke ezinye izindlela, izwela kakhulu izinambuzane zasendlini. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle noma eduze kwezitshalo ezinesifo, ingaba yisisulu se-mealybug, i-whitefly, isimbuzane sesicabucabu, ikakhulukazi izinambuzane ezikhathazayo zesikali. Izitshalo zibaluleke kakhulu ukuzihlola njalo, ngoba ukukhonjwa kwezinambuzane kusenesikhathi nje kuzogwema izilonda ezinkulu ezisongela ukufa kwezihlahla zesundu. Ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zezinambuzane, kuyadingeka ukuqala ukusebenzisa izinambuzane, ngoba ukususwa kwemishini yezinambuzane emaqabungeni akakhiqizi kakhulu.

Kulezi zifo, ukubola kwezimpande, abahlangabezana nakho ngokulungiswa okukhulu kokunakekelwa, kuyingozi kakhulu kubo bonke ama-arecs. Ukufakelwa okuphuthumayo kwesihlahla sesundu akwamukeleki futhi kuholela ekufeni ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Izinkinga ezikhulayo:

ukomiswa kwamathiphu amaqabunga ngenxa yomoya owomile, ukomiswa kwe-substrate noma amazinga okushisa aphansi;
ukuqothuka kwamaqabunga, ukudidiyela kanye nokugqaqa kokukhanya okungalungile;
i-brown browning ngomswakama ngokweqile we-substrate.

Ukuzalelwa kwe-Areca

Ukusakazeka kwe-Areca ngenxa yokuzwela ngokwedlulele kokulimala kwe-rhizome nokubekezelela okungahambi kahle kokufakelwa kungenziwa kuphela ngembewu. Ngasikhathi sinye, imbewu ethengwayo ayihlali ihluma. Zingahlwanyelwa kuphela entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, endaweni eyisisekelo eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile izihlahla zesundu, lapho bezikaze zakuncibilikisa ngesibhamu sokufafaza futhi ziqiniseke ukumboza izitshalo ngengilazi noma ngefilimu. Izimo eziphambili zokuhluma ukushisa nomswakama ozinzile.