IStefanotis ingeyamaJuba womndeni, noma iVatochnikovye, noma iSwallow (Asclepiadaceae) futhi emvelweni umdiliya we-semi-shrub. Igama le-genus stephanotis livela kumagama esiGreek athi stephanos - umqhele, umqhele kanye ne-otos - endlebeni, futhi wanikwa izitshalo ukuba khona kwezindlebe ezinhlanu ezinomqhele okwenziwe ngethanga emthanjeni wesimbali.
I-Stefanotis - izitshalo ezihlala zikhula njalo, izihlahlana. Amaqabunga kukhona okusaqanda, akhiwe ngokugqamile, anesikhumba. Izimbali ziqoqwa kwizambulela ezincane ezinamabala amancane, amhlophe, amakha; i-corolla isidlo esenziwe ngesikebhe noma esenziwe njenge-funnel, esingu-5.
UStefanotis ukhulile, okokuqala, ngenxa yezimbali ezinhle. Izitshalo zabantu abadala ziyaqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaJuni kuya kuSepthemba. Ngomthetho wokushisa nokukhanya, ama-stefanotis angaqhakaza ebusika. Isitshalo sifuna ukukhanya futhi sidinga ukuxhaswa.
IStefanotis iqhakaza kakhulu. © kochouranI-genus stefanotis (Stephanotis) ezincane, cishe izinhlobo eziyi-12 ziyaziwa ezihlala emvelweni eMadagascar naseziqhingini zeziqhingi zaseMalay. Kepha ngisho kusuka kubo phakathi kwezithandwa zethu kungatholakala kuphela IStefanotis iqhakaza kakhulu (Stephanotis floribunda) Lesi sitshalo esikhula ngokushesha, emvelweni sifinyelela kubude bamamitha angama-5.5-6.
Ngaphandle, i-stefanotis ikhumbuza kakhulu ezinye izinhlobo zesihlobo sayo esiseduze - hoya. Kodwa zingadideka kuphela lapho kungekho zimbali. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, okuthi ekuthambekeni kwethu kube sekupheleni kokuwa kwehlobo, iphutha elinjalo alinakwenzeka. Izimbali zeStefanotis zifinyelela kububanzi obuyi-5 cm futhi zibe neshubhu lezimbali elishiwo cishe ubude obufanayo. Baqoqwe abaningana kuma-inflorescence okuxekethile, banombala omhlophe omhlophe nephunga elimangazayo. Isitshalo esikhulayo esidala esibhakabhaka sibukeka nje sihle kakhulu futhi siphila ngokuphelele ngegama lezinhlobo zazo - eziqhakaza kakhulu. AmaStefanotis amagatsha ngokuzithandela, anika amahlumela amaningi wezimpande. Ngakho-ke, emazweni lapho isimo sezulu sivumela khona, ukuhlelwa okuhle kakhulu kuhlelwa kuwo.
Izici zokukhula ekhaya
I-Microclimate nokukhanya
IStefanotis isitshalo esikhula ngokushesha futhi esingabekezeleliyo, kodwa asithandi izinguquko zokushisa. Ebusika, kugcinwa ezindaweni ezibandayo ezibandayo ezinokushisa okungu-12-16 ° C nokukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha ngaphandle kokusalungiswa. Ehlobo avele emnyameni oqondile, afafaze amaqabunga ansundu lapho eshisa. Ekamelweni elomile elinokushisa okuphezulu ebusika, ama-stefanotis angalimala yi-spite mite.
Uma ama-stefanotis enamaqabunga aphuzi futhi eqala ukuwa, imbangela ingaba ukuntuleka kokukhanya noma izinkinga ngohlelo lwezimpande, kungadinga ukufakelwa ebhodweni elivulekile kakhudlwana nenhlabathi entsha. Ehlobo, iStefanotis ikhishwa kuma-loggias akhazimulayo, lapho lesi sitshalo sigcwalisa ngezimbali ezinhle nephunga.
IStefanotis iqhakaza kakhulu. © Jeanne LindgrenUkunisela
Ukunisela i-stefanotis uthanda amanzi avamile futhi maningi, athambile. Ebusika ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kunisele kancane, kuvimbele udaka lobumba ukuthi lome ebhodweni, kubalulekile ukuthi umhlaba osembizeni uhlala unomuswakama, kodwa akufanele utshale izimbotshana, udinga ukufafaza umoya ezungeze isitshalo kaningi.
Inhlabathi nomanyolo
Ukutshala kanye nokufakelwa kwe-stephanotis kwenziwa ngengxube esindayo yezingxube zomhlaba. Ukulungisa inhlabathi usebenzisa i-deciduous, inhlabathi enobumba, i-peat (noma i-humus) nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso 3: 2: 1: 1. Izitsha zikhethwa zikhulu futhi zinendawo - i-stephanotis inohlelo olunamandla lwezimpande, futhi kukhishwa amanzi ngaphansi. Lesi sitshalo sithanda inhlabathi ngokusabela okune-asidi kancane kancane, indawo ene-alkaline ingaholela kokungabikho kwezimbali kuma-stephanotis. Entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, iziqu ze-stefanotis zinganqunywa ngesigamu. Izimbali zivame ukwenzeka ngoJuni bese zihlala kuze kube uSepthemba. Futhi ukuze kwandiswe izimbali eziningi, maphakathi nehlobo, nciza amahlumela awo, kusale ngamabhuzu amaqabunga ayi-8 esiqwini.
IStefanotis ayidingi ukugqokwa njalo phezulu, futhi ithanda umanyolo we-potash ngaphezulu kwe-nitrogen. Ukusuka kwi-nitrogen, ikhula isiqu namaqabunga, ayiqhakaza futhi ayibusika kahle, ingabi nesikhathi sokumisa ukukhula, kamuva imivimbo enjalo yama-stephanotis kufanele inqunywe ngokuphelele, ivimbele nesikhathi sezimbali futhi ngonyaka olandelayo. Izimbali zivuswa umanyolo wezimbali wezimbiwa ezinama-microelements, noma izixazululo zikasawoti we-potassium ne-superphosphate, ezifakwa ngezikhathi eziyi-1-2 ngaphambi kokuqhakaza ngoMeyi. Inganiselwa ngesisombululo se-mullein.
IStefanotis iqhakaza kakhulu. © poyntonsUkuzala i-Stefanotis
IStefanotis isatshalaliswa ngokutshala imifino, yize ibhekisele kwizitshalo ezingagxiliwe. Lapho ama-Stefanotis efakelwe, ama-phytohormones asetshenziswa - izithasiselo zokwakhiwa kwezimpande, ukubekwa kwezimpawu kwenziwa esandeni ngaphansi kwengilazi, ngokushisa okuphansi. Izimbambo zivunwa kusuka emahlumela anezinhlaka ezinonyaka owodwa ngonyaka owakhiwe ngamaqabunga akhule kahle, ama-1-2 internode, okwenza ukusika okungaphansi kube ngu-2 cm ngaphansi kwesigaxa, futhi kungcwatshwe engela lika-1-1,5 cm esihlabathini. Isikhathi esihle kunazo zonke se-Stefanotis ye-roventotis yintwasahlobo-ihlobo. Njengoba kunesimo sezulu esikhanyayo esicacile nesishisayo, ukushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ku-greenhouse, ukubangelwa kwe-stephanotis kwenzeka kungakapheli amasonto ayi-2-3, amahlumela amasha aqhuma emahlombe amaqabunga.
IStefanotis nayo isakazeka ngembewu, kodwa kuyaqabukela ukuthi ibeke. Isithelo siyisicucwana se-dicotyledonous, isembozo esinemigqa emibili siqukethe imbewu ngaphakathi ene-ambrellas silas parasail, ukuvuthwa kwale mbewu kugcina kufika ezinyangeni eziyi-12, njengoba uvuthwa, imifantu yokomfucumfucu, bese imbewu indizela endle.
Ukunakekelwa kweStefanotis
IStefanotis idinga ukukhanya okukhanya okukhanyayo. Lapho zigcinwa elangeni, izitshalo zingadala ukushiswa. Indawo enhle yokukhula - amawindi anendawo entshonalanga noma yasempumalanga. Lapho sikhula ngamafasitela aseningizimu, ntambama ntambama, kuyadingeka ukudala ukukhanya kokukhanya usebenzisa indwangu noma iphepha lokukhanya (i-tulle, i-gauze, iphepha lokulandela). Ewindini elisenyakatho, lesi sitshalo kungenzeka siqhume ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya. Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika, isitshalo sigcinwa ukukhanya okuhle. UStefanotis uphendula kahle ekukhanyisweni okwengeziwe ngamalambu we-fluorescent.
Ngenkathi kwakhiwa ama-buds, umuntu akufanele aphenduke futhi aguqule indawo evamile yesitshalo, ngenxa yalokhu, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-buds kungavimba.
Stefanotis. © BoomanEsikhathini sentwasahlobo-sasehlobo se-stephanotis, izinga lokushisa elilungile lisebangeni le-18-22 ° C, kuyathandeka ukuyigcina ikwimo enhle (12-16 ° C) ebusika. Lesi sitshalo sihlangabezana kabi nethonya lokushisa elibukhali nokubhaliwe kokubandayo. IStefanotis idinga ukungena komoya omusha.
IStefanotis iniselwa kakhulu entwasahlobo nasehlobo, njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu lwentaba engaphansi yomiswa ngamanzi athambile, ahlala endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni. Lesi sitshalo sibekezelela amazinga aphezulu kakhulu we-lime emanzini wokunisela. Ebusika, iniselwa kancane (lokhu kubalulekile ukukhuthaza ukuqhakaza izimbali eziningi).
I-Stefanotis ithanda umswakama ophezulu, ngakho-ke entwasahlobo nasehlobo kuyanconywa ukufafaza izitshalo njalo ngamanzi afudumele, ungabeka isitsha esithelweni leso ngesikhwanyana sodaka noma nge-peat emanzi. Uma ubusika bupholile, ukufafaza kwenziwa ngokucophelela.
Ukusuka ngoMashi kuya ku-Agasti, i-stefanotis isuthiswa kanye njalo emavikini amabili, kuguqulwa umanyolo wamaminerali nowokuphilayo. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza (kusukela ngoMeyi), kungakuhle ukondle ama-Stefanotis kaningana ngesisombululo se-superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium noma nesixazululo somquba wenkomo. Ekwindla nasebusika abondli.
Imfuneko yesiko le-Stefanotis eliphumelelayo kusesekuseni ubopha amahlumela amancane ukuze uxhaswe. Imvamisa, ngenxa yokuntuleka kwendawo, uvunyelwe ekuxhasweni okungafanele. Iziqu zesigaxa esinamakhompiyutha zesitshalo zingafinyelela kubude obungu-2-2,5 m, ngakho-ke zivame ukuthunyelwa ngentambo noma ucingo. Uma ama-stefanotis atshalwe engadini yasebusika, khona-ke amahlumela awo angakhula afike kuma-4-6 m ubude. Isitshalo sisetshenziselwa kahle ukubiyela imibhede enkulu yezimbali.
Izimbali ezinonile kufanele zisuswe ukuze isitshalo siqondise wonke amandla aso ekwakhekeni kweziqu ezinempilo.
Ukufakelwa
Ngaphambi kokufakelwa, ukuthungwa okulinganiselayo kwezitshalo kuyenziwa.
Izitshalo ezincane zidluliselwa minyaka yonke, abantu abadala njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3, ekupheleni kobusika, izitshalo ezindala kudingeka zengeze umhlabathi wezakhi zonyaka futhi zinikeze ukusekela amahlumela (ziboshwe ngokusekela). IStefanotis itshalwe ezimbizeni ezinkulu ezinenhlabathi enempilo eyakhiwa ngotshani obunodaka, ngobumba obunodaka, ngenhlabathi nesihlabathi; pH 5.5-6.5.
I-Stefanotis iqhakaza kakhulu, i-mosagated. © Kor! AnUbunzima obungahle bube khona
- Lapho kwakhiwa amahlumela, lesi sitshalo sihlangana kabi kakhulu ekushintsheni kwendawo, ngakho-ke udinga ukubeka uphawu lokukhanya ebhodweni.
- Ukuntuleka kwamanzi, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, okusalungiswa kungaholela ekuweni kokuqhuma.
- Ngokukhanya okuphansi nokushisa ngokweqile, noma ngokuzondla njalo, izimbali zingavela.
- Ngokunisela okunganele, ama-buds angaguquki angahle afune.
- Lapho unisela ngamanzi kanzima nokuntuleka kokukhanya, amaqabunga angashintsha aphuzi.
Izinhlobo:
IStefanotis iqhakaza kakhulu (Stephanotis floribunda) - UMadagascar Jasmine
Kutholakala emahlathini esiqhingini saseMadagascar. Izihlahla ezingama-Curly zifinyelela ku-5 m ubude. Amacembe aphambene, a-oval noma o-oval, o-7 - 9 cm ubude nama-4-5 cm ububanzi, ayindilinga ezansi, enesihlokwana esifushane endaweni ephezulu, emaphethelweni onke, eminyene, eluhlaza obumnyama, obucwebezelayo. Izimbali ziqoqwa kaningana kwisambulela esingamanga, ezingaba ngu-4 cm ubude nama-5 cm ububanzi phezulu, mhlophe, kunephunga elimnandi kakhulu.
Isitshalo esithandekayo sesiko lembiza ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo namakamelo; isetshenziswa kabanzi ukuhlobisa izindlu zangaphakathi, izindawo zokubambisa, ezifuywayo ukusika izimbali.
