Lapho wenza ukwakhiwa kwensimu yekotishi lasehlobo noma indlu yakho, idume kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi, ngenxa yamalungiselelo ayo amahle wezimbali, isitshalo esinjalo njenge-sheath. Le mbali engadini ibukeka kahle kumaslayidi e-alpine, emibhedeni ejwayelekile yezimbali ngisho naku-alley shady.
Incazelo
I-Aubrieta noma enye ebizwa nge-aubration - lena ukumbozwa kwenhlabathi okungapheliemboza umhlaba ngekhaphethi ebabazekayo. Ukuze athokozise umlimi we-amateur ngobuhle bakhe, kuyadingeka kuye ukuthi aqinisekise ukunakekelwa okunempilo okufika ngesikhathi. Izimbali zezitshalo zasengadini zincanyana, kodwa inani lazo liyamangalisa. Umbala wezimbali uhluke kakhulu: mhlophe, onsomi, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njll. Isihlahla sokugunda asiphezulu, sifinyelela kuphela ku-10 kuya ku-13 cm. Ukuqhakaza ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwenzeka izikhathi ezi-2 ngesizini. Njengomthetho, lokhu sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo - ekuqaleni kwehlobo, okuhlala kufika ezinsukwini ezingama-45 nasekwindla yokuqala - cishe izinsuku ezingama-35. Izithelo zesitshalo sengadi zikusimo se-pod lapho kudonswa imbewu emdaka.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene ze-Aubriet
Emvelweni kukhona izinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobo zokusakazwa, ehlukile komunye nomunye ngombala, ukwakheka nokwakheka kwesihlahla. Izinhlobo ze-Aubriet:
- I-Cascade luhlobo olwaziwa kahle ngokwazisa ingadi. Izimbali ikakhulu ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma zibomvu ngombala ophuzi. Amagqabi aluhlaza grey.
- I-Hybrid noma etshaliwe - lolu hlobo lokugcinwa kwengadiya luhlukaniswa ngokuqhakaza kwalo kokuqala. Umbala wezimbali upinki, ubomvu futhi onsomi.
- I-Deltoid, ngaphandle kwalokho ibizwa nangokuthi isihlahla se-lilac. Izimbali zalolu hlobo lomthunzi engadini zingubende obuphakathi ophakathi nendawo, onsomi. Njengoba ama-inflorescence aqoqwe kubhulashi, isitshalo se-herbaceous siba njenge-lilac, ngakho-ke sathola igama laso lesibili.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
Abalimi - amateurs ngeke kudala ubunzima ekunakekelweni. Okokuqala, kufanele ukhethe isiza esifanele sezimbali, ulandele imithetho. Imithetho lapho ukhetha indawo yokuhlala
- Imbali engadini i-thermophilic impela, ngakho-ke indawo kufanele ibe yilanga. Uma isimo sezulu siseningizimu, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ukhethe indawo lapho ungatshala khona isitshalo sengadi usibunjiwe kancane. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, kuyadingeka ukuthola indawo enelanga elangeni, umthunzi oyingxenye awuzukuvumela isitshalo ukuba siqhakaze.
- Isitshalo asithandi inhlabathi enobumba, esindayo, nenobumba. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi izotshalwa kuwo umthi wesingadi kumele idilizwe.
- Ukusula isayithi lokhula.
- Galela inhlabathi. Kuyadingeka ukumba inhlabathi ngokujula kuka-15 cm bese uxuba nomlotha noma ulamula.
- Nikeza amanzi.
- Uma kungenzeka, kungcono ukunikeza isiza esisegqumeni.
Ngemuva kokutshala isitshalo sengadi, uyakudinga ukunakekelwa okufika ngesikhathi. Noma umhlabathi uvulekile futhi ulula, kuzoba wusizo kakhulu ukufaka izichibi izikhathi eziningana ngesizini, okungukuthi, hlanganisa ungqimba olungaphezulu lomhlabathi nesihlabathi ngesendlalelo esingama-3 kuye ku-5 cm. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlinzeka ngokuchelela okudingekayo kwesitshalo, ukufeza ukugqoka kanye nokuthenwa okufika ngesikhathi.
Ukunisela nokugqoka okuphezulu
Ukunisela imbali yengadi kuyadingeka njengoba umhlabathi womile, uqaphe ukuthambisa ikakhulukazi lapho kushisa. I-Aubrieta ayikuthandi umswakama, ngakho-ke lapho izitshalo zichichima, izimpande zingabola noma imbali ingaqhakaza.
Ukuze imbali yengadi iqhume ngenkuthalo, kufanele ivundiswe. Isitshalo seNgadi siyalandela dlisa ngomanyolo wamaminerali Izikhathi ezi-2 ngesizini:
- entwasahlobo: ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwamahlamvu.
- ehlobo: zalisa ngemuva kokuthena lesi sitshalo ukuqhuma kwawo okuphindayo.
Ukuqunjelwa nokuxhunyelelwa kwe-aobriety
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sivela lapho kusuka kumaviki amane kuya kwayi-7. Ukuze lesi sitshalo siqhume okwesibili, kubalulekile ukuwunquma. Lokhu, ngemuva kokuqhakaza kokuqala, iziqu zisuswa ngaphansi kwempande. Umhlaba uyondla. Ngemuva kwalezi zinqubo, lesi sitshalo siyoqala ukukhula sikhule bese siqala ukuqhakaza ngokwindla. Ekwindla, lesi sitshalo akufanele sithathwe ukuze sigweme ukufa kwesitshalo ngesikhathi sasebusika.
Umthetho oyinhloko ekunakekelweni kwesitshalo sengadi ukusikwa, okufanele kwenziwe 1 ngonyaka. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze imbali yotshani ingaholi ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi futhi ingabi yindawo enkulu ekunakekelweni. Ukuze usikwe kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amahlumela amancane ngaphandle kwama-peduncle. Kumele zisikwe ngoMeyi futhi zitshaleke endaweni ebamba ukushisa ngengxube yenhlabathi yesihlabathi. Lapho utshala, kufanele kube nebanga le-10 kuya ku-15 cm phakathi kwezithombo.Ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla, ukusika kudluliselwa embhedeni wezimbali, kepha uma buthakathaka, ungabashiya abamba ukushisa ebusika.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
I-Aubration ayimelani nesithwathwa, ngakho-ke ibekezelela ubusika kahle ngokwanele. Kepha ukuphepha nokuvikelwa okwengeziwe kwezimpande, ungamboza ngamahlamvu owomile ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala.
Ukukhula Kokukhuthala kusuka KuMbewu
Ukuze imbali enhle ijabulise umlimi entwasahlobo, ehlobo, ngisho nasekwindla enamakhaphethi ayo aqhakaza izimbali, umuntu kufanele afunde ukukhula kahle ngokugunda ngokuzimela kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Izindlela zokukhulisa isitshalo sengadi kusuka imbewu:
- ku-seedling entwasahlobo esitsheni esikhethekile;
- ekwindla, lapho ifika yenziwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile.
Imithetho okufanele ilandelweUkutshala imbewu engadini yokwenziwa ngendlela yokuqala:
Sabalalisa ngobumnene imbewu kuwo wonke umhlabathi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ungazifafazi ngaphezulu komhlaba, ngoba ukushefa imbewu kudinga ukukhanya ukuze kumile.- Ngemuva kokutshala imbewu, isitsha kufanele simbozwe ngopulasitiki. Ingasuswa kuphela ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela.
- Gcina umbuso wokushisa ofiselekayo (kusuka ku-18 kuye ku-21 0C).
- Njalo fafaza imbewu, uzithambisa kancane. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30, amahlumela asekhulile kufanele atshalwe kabusha abe ngamabhodwe ahlukile. Tshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile lapho inhlabathi isishiswa ngokwanele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela amahlumela ngokwehlisa amabhodwe esitsheni ngamanzi, lapho kuzoba lula ukukhipha isigaxa sobumba ngesithombo esivela esitsheni. Ngemuva kwalokho yenza izimbobo ezinobukhulu obulingana nobude bezimpande zezithombo futhi ubanzi kunenhlama yenhlabathi, futhi usungavele ubambe izithombo zomthunzi wengadi, ubheka ibanga elingamasentimitha ayi-5. Thela isihlabathi ngaphezulu kwesithombo ngasinye esitshaliwe, unisela kakhulu lesi sitshalo.
Sabalalisa ngobumnene imbewu kuwo wonke umhlabathi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ungazifafazi ngaphezulu komhlaba, ngoba ukushefa imbewu kudinga ukukhanya ukuze kumile.Ngendlela yesibili, yokutshala imbewu enhlabathini, kuyadingeka khetha indawo efanele yokufika futhi usethe isigaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuyithukulula, uyithulule bese ukwazi ukuhlwanyela imbewu. Ingaphezulu lenhlabathi elihlanganiswa kancane nesihlabathi.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Isitshalo sengadi singafa ngenxa yezifo ezivela ekuvuseleleni kwangemuva. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, udinga ukuhlola imbali yengadi futhi unikeze ukwelashwa kwayo okufika ngesikhathi.
Izifo nezinambuzane ezithinta i-aubriet:
i-powdery isikhutha. Lapho kuvela lesi sifo, kufakwa inhlanganisela emsundu esihlahleni. Kuyadingeka ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuze isitshalo sengadi singafi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, fafaza lesi sitshalo ngesisombululo esinamanzi sesibabule se-colloidal. Uma ukunqotshwa sekusabalale enanini elikhulu lamabhasi, khona-ke kufanele kususwe.- ama-aphid. Ukuze ulwe nayo, sebenzisa ukumfaka kwe-nettle. Esimweni esibi ngokweqile, ungasebenzisa ama-insecticides.
i-powdery isikhutha. Lapho kuvela lesi sifo, kufakwa inhlanganisela emsundu esihlahleni. Kuyadingeka ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuze isitshalo sengadi singafi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, fafaza lesi sitshalo ngesisombululo esinamanzi sesibabule se-colloidal. Uma ukunqotshwa sekusabalale enanini elikhulu lamabhasi, khona-ke kufanele kususwe.Ukutshala ubuhle bengadi esakhiweni sensimu, udinga ukwazi konke okucashile kokutshala kwakhe, ukutshala nokunakekela, kuphela lapho ezobonga khona ukuqhakaza okukhulu okuqhubekayo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-auretia engaphansi ibeka inhlabathi evundile, ukuchelela okujwayelekile, ngenkathi kungavumeli ukuqothuka kwayo ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukondla imbali engadini ngendlela efanele bese uyihlanza. Futhi uma imibandela edingekayo yokuhushula isisu isikhathi eside ihlangabezana, ungajabulela amakhaphethi ezimibalabala angahlobisa noma iyiphi indawo engadini yensimu.
