INitrofoska ingekalesigaba sama-fertilizer eziyinkimbinkimbi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Inokwakheka okulinganayo kwezakhi zamaminerali. INitrofoska iyakwazi ukwanelisa ngokuphelele okufunwa amasiko ahlukahlukene kumsoco ngesikhathi sokukhula nentuthuko esebenzayo. Imvamisa, lo manyolo usetshenziselwa ukukhulisa ukuhluma kwembewu, ukusheshisa izinqubo zezitshalo, ukwandisa isibalo sama-ovari agcwele. Kuyinto elula ukuyisebenzisa futhi kulula ukuyigcina. Sizokhuluma ngezici zokusebenzisa i-nitrophoska ekukhuleni kwezingadi nezimbali ezikulesi sihloko.
INitrofoska ngumanyolo wezimbiwa wezitshalo.
Ukubuka konke ngomanyolo
INitrofoska imvamisa kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside isetshenziswa emapulazini amakhulu, kanye nabalimi nabalimi ezindaweni ezincane ezihlanganayo, kanti nesidingo salokhu komanyolo asinciphi.
I-Nitrophosque itholakala nge-oxidation yama-phosphorites noma ama-apatites ngokufakwa kwezimbiwa. Ukuvela komanyolo kungukudla okucwathile okungaqhekeki futhi okunamathele ndawonye ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokugcina. INitrofoska imvamisa yengezelwa enhlabathini entwasahlobo noma ekwindla, kuvame ukufaka umanyolo emigodini yokutshala nasezinkomeni, futhi ngesimo esincibilikile ngenkathi yokukhula kwezitshalo.
Ngokuthabisako, zombili isikhathi esifitjhani kanye nesikhathi eside sokwenza izinto ziimpawu ze-nitrophosphate. Isibonelo, i-potassium ne-nitrogen okuqukethwe kumanyolo kutholakala ezitshalweni kuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kokuba umanyolo usetshenzisiwe enhlabathini, bese kuthi i-phosphorus ibe khona ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-11 - 13.
Yini ingxenye ye-nitrofoski?
Izinto ezisemqoka zalomanyolo yilezi - uN (nitrogen), K (potassium) no-P (phosphorus). Kumanyolo akhona ngesimo sikasawoti, ngokwesilinganiso sawo, kuyahlukahluka kakhulu futhi kuhlala kukhonjiswa kwiphakheji.
Kwama-nitrofosks omile, sincoma ukuthenga umanyolo, lapho zonke izinto ezintathu zilingana khona, yisho u-16: 16: 16. Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa umanyolo ngesimo esincibilikile, bese ubheka i-nitrophosphate, ehlanganisa ne-magnesium kanye nesilinganiso sezinto ezilandelayo: i-nitrogen - 15, phosphorus - 10, potassium - 15 ne-magnesium - 2.
Lapho uthenga ama-nitrofosks, ngaso sonke isikhathi funda ngokucophelela okulotshwe kwiphakheji, ngoba kunamakhompiyutha athengiswayo aqukethe i-potassium chloride.
Imvamisa ungathola okukhethwa kukho kathathu komanyolo (okungenzeka kube ngaphezulu, kepha ezinye izindlela azitholakali) - lezi yi-phosphorite nitrophoska (noma i-superphosphate), i-nitrophoska yesibabule ne-sulfate nitrophoska.
Ukubeka phosphorite nitrofoski utamatisi uphendula kahle, ikhwalithi nokunambitheka kwezithelo kuyathuthuka. Into ekhona ukuthi ngenxa yenani elilinganayo le-phosphorus enhlabathini, utamatisi ubeka inani elikhulu le-fiber ezitsheni, ngenxa yalokho izithelo ngokwazo ziba mnene kakhulu, zibilisiwe, zimnandi, zilungele ukuthuthwa nokugcinwa isikhathi eside.
Ngenxa yokusebenza kwenhlabathi sulfate nitrophosphate Amaprotheni emifino ayakhiwa, ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwe-nitrophosphate lufanelekile ukusebenzisa ezinhlabathini ezihlelelwe ukuthi zihlalwe ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi, uphizi, kanye neklabishi. Vele, lolu hlobo lwe-nitrophoska luzothinta kahle utamatisi namakhukhamba.
Sulfate Nitrophoska ifaka i-calcium. Lolu hlobo lwe-nitrophosphate lufanelekile izitshalo zokuhlobisa, lithuthukisa ukubukeka kwazo, lithuthukisa umbala wezimbali namaqabunga amaqabunga. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwe-nitrofoski kusetshenziselwa ngempumelelo kubo bonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, izitshalo eziqhakazayo, izinkuni zokuhlobisa nezitshalo ezingama-shrub.
Imithamo ye-nitrophosk
Kumele kuqondwe ngokucacile ukuthi ukuphela komthamo ofanele wanoma yimuphi umanyolo ozothinta izitshalo futhi ngeke kulimaze umzimba womuntu. Njengoba wazi, izinto eziphephile ngokuphelele azikho, noma imithamo ngokweqile yezinto eziphilayo ingathinta kabi izitshalo nempilo yabantu.
Ngakho-ke, umthamo we-nitrophoska wezitshalo zezithelo akumele udlule ku-250 g ngembobo ngayinye, kwezihlahla ezincane zamajikijolo (amajikijolo, ama-currant) - akukho ngaphezu kwe-90 g ngembila ngayinye yokutshala, yezihlahla ezinkulu (iqhwa leek, chokeberry, viburnum) - hhayi ngaphezulu kwe-150 g ngakunye umgodi.
Ngaphansi kwezinhlobo zezihlahla zabantu abadala zokuhlobisa (amamephu nokunye okunjalo), ungenza okungama-500 g ngaphansi kwalowo nalowo, owakhulula ngaphambili futhi wanisela inhlabathi yomucu oseduze. INitrofoska nayo ingasetshenziselwa isicelo ngaphansi kwezitshalo ezikhula emhlabathini ovaliwe, lapho inani labo lingafanele lidlule i-130 g nge-skwele ngasinye.
Emhlabathini ovulekile ngaphansi kwezilimo zemifino, umthamo kufanele ube ngaphansi ngisho nangaphansi - ungabi ngaphezu kwama-70 g nge-skwele ngalinye. Ekugcineni, izitshalo ezingaphakathi, kungakuhle ukuthi uzifake nge-nitrofoil ngokufafaza ngesisombululo esine-50 g yomanyolo ebhakedeni lamanzi.
Ukufakwa kwamanyolo nokugcina
Amabhizinisi wezimboni aseNitrofosku agcwele izikhwama zamaphepha noma ezikhwameni zepulasitiki noma emaphaketheni. Gcina lo manyolo ungafinyeleleki kokukhanya kwelanga ngomswakama ongaphansi kwama-60%.
Kubalulekile! INitrofoska ingekalesigaba sezinto ezinokutsha noma eziqhumayo, ngakho-ke kufanele ukhethe indawo ongayigcina kuyo, etholakala kude ne-foci yomlilo ovulekile.
Musa ukudidanisa i-nitrofosk ne-nitroammophosk, lokhu kungamanyolo ahlukene anomthamo ohlukile wesicelo. INitroammophoska ibonakala ngokwakhiwa okucetshiswe namaminerali, ngakho-ke lo manyolo ulungele ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwezitshalo zemifino. Umthamo we-nitroammophoska cishe ucishe kabili.
Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa i-Nitrofosks
INitrofoska inokwakheka okulinganiselayo kwezakhi zamaminerali, inezinto ezintathu ezisemqoka, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa umanyolo wezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Izinzuzo ezingabazeki ze-nitrophosphates zifaka:
- ukuphepha kwe-nitrate kanye ne-pesticidal (kuncike kumthamo ofanele);
- ukukhuphula umnotho, ngenxa yentengo ephansi, isitoreji esikahle kanye nemithamo emincane yesicelo;
- ukukhuphuka kwekhono lokuqothuka emanzini, okungasetjenziselwa i-fertigation (ukufaka umquba ngokuchelela ngenkasa);
- cishe ukubola ngokuphelele enhlabathini, okuvumela izitshalo ukuba zimunce izakhi ngokugcwele.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrophoska ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zenhlabathi
I-Nitrophosque isetshenziswa kangcono kunhlabathi engathathi hlangothi noma ene-acidic kancane. Kufanelekile ukwethula i-nitrophosphate ku-peaty, sandy, boggy kanye nenhlabathi yobumba. Khumbula, nokho, ukuthi lapho ufaka isicelo enhlabathini enesihlabathi, ingxenye ye-nitrogen yomanyolo ingahlanzwa ngokusobala, ngakho-ke, kunconyelwa ukufaka umanyolo kuleyo nhlabathi kungaba sentwasahlobo (ngasikhathi sinye ngokumba inhlabathi), noma ngokunezela kwizimbobo ngesikhathi sokutshala, kepha hhayi ngesikhathi sekwindla. Emhlabathini we-peaty kanye ne-clayey, kunalokho, i-nitrophosphate isetshenziswa kahle ngokunembile esikhathini ekwindla.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrofoski.
Imithetho ejwayelekile yokondliwa
Kunemithetho eminingana ebalulekile ye-nitrophosic okufanele icatshangelwe. Isibonelo, lapho umanyolo izilimo zisetshenziswa, kungcono ukusebenzisa lo manyolo endaweni eyomile, kodwa uthukululwe kahle futhi womiswe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Kufanelekile ukusebenzisa i-nitrofoski ngezikhathi zemvula. Lapho ufaka i-nitrophoska ngesikhathi sekwindla wokumba inhlabathi, endaweni lapho ukutshala kuhlelwa khona entwasahlobo, akufanele kwethulwe intwasahlobo. Futhi-ke, uma sinikezwe okuqukethwe yi-nitrogen ku-nitrophos okungapheli izitshalo kufanele zenziwe kuphela entwasahlobo, ukuze kugwenywe ukwenziwa kusebenze kwezinqubo zokukhula kanye nokwehla kwamandla okuqina ebusika.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrofoski lapho kukhula izithombo
Kufanelekile ukusebenzisa i-nitrophoska lapho kukhula izithombo, lapho izitshalo zakhiwa. Kungcono ukondla izithombo ezibuthakathaka ezinsukwini ezingama-5-7 ngemuva kokukhethwa. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngama-nitrofos ancibilikisiwe emanzini ngenani le-14-16 g ngeelitha lamanzi, le mali yanele izitshalo ezingama-45-55.
Ungazondla izithombo ezingaphansi ezimile futhi ngama-nitrofos ngasikhathi sinye njengoba ezitshalwe emhlabathini ngokunezela ngokoqobo amagremu ayi-10 omanyolo lowo emthonjeni ngamunye, qiniseka ukuthi uhlangana kahle nomhlabathi omanzi ukuze izimpande zingathinti amagreyi, ngaphandle kwalokho lokhu kungadala ukushiswa ezimpandeni, kwande isimo sezitshalo.
Izici zokusetshenziswa kwe-nitrofoski yezitshalo zasengadini
Lapho kukhula amazambane
Ngokuvamile, kumazambane, i-nitrophosphate isetshenziswa ngqo emithonjeni lapho kutshalwa ama-tubers. Ungathela ngokuphepha endaweni ngayinye isipuni (akukho peas!) Ye-nitrophosphate, bese uhlanganisa ngokucophelela umanyolo nenhlabathi.
Uma utshala inani elikhulu lama-tubers amazambane, khona-ke ukonga isikhathi kakhulu, kungcono ukwethula i-nitrophoska ekwindla noma izinkathi zokuqala zentwasahlobo, ngaphansi kokumba kokuqala kwenhlabathi, ngenani lama-75 g nge-skwele ngalinye.
Lapho ikhula iklabishi
Njengoba sesichazile, kungcono ukufaka i-nitric phosphate sulfate, ekhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwamaprotheni, ngaphansi kweklabishi. Ukondliwa kokuqala kweklabishi nge-nitrofos kungenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezithombo zalesi siko, ongachitha ngaso umanyolo ongu-9-11 g kwilitha lamanzi bese unikeza izithombo ngesonto ngemuva kokukhetha.
Ungayiphinda iklabishi iklabise lapho utshala izithombo, kodwa kuphela uma ingekho i-nitrophosk eyethulwe kuleli sayithi kungaba entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Emthonjeni ngamunye lapho utshala izithombo endaweni ehlala njalo, ungangeza isipuni se-nitrophoska (ngaphandle kwembiza!) Bese uhlangana kahle nenhlabathi emanzi.
Kwesinye isikhathi abalimi basebenzisa ingxube ekhethekile, equkethe umquba wemvelaphi yezitshalo, umlotha wezinkuni kanye nalomanyolo. Imvamisa, ithisipuni lomlotha wezinkuni kanye nenani elifanayo le-nitrophoska liyadingeka ngekhilogremu yomquba.
Ngemuva kokufaka izithombo, uma umanyolo ungangezwanga emgodini, ungondla izitshalo nge-nitrophose ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-14-16. Ngalezi zinhloso, i-nitrofosk ichanywa emanzini ngesilinganiso esingu-50 g ngebhakede ngalinye ngokufakwa kwe-150 g yokhuni lomlotha ekwakhiweni kwalo. Lokhu kwandisa ukungavikeleki kwezitshalo, kufaka isandla ekumelaneni nezinye izifo. Leli nani lingasetshenziswa kumamitha-skwele ayi-2000 omhlabathi omataniswa neklabishi.
Ukondla kungenziwa futhi emva kwamasonto amabili enye enye - ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-16 kuya ku-17. Lapho wenza lokhu kwembatho ephezulu, umthamo womanyolo akufanele udlule ku-25 g ngebhakede lamanzi, okujwayelekile nakho kungamamitha ayi-2 000 omhlabathi okuhlala kuwo iklabishi. Lapho kukhula izinhlobo zaseklabishi zakudala neziphakathi nendawo, ukugqoka okwesithathu okuphezulu akuseluleki.
INitrofosku isetshenziswa kulinywe iklabishi.
Lapho ukhula ukhukhamba
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-nitrophoska ingakhuphula isivuno sezitshalo zamakhukhamba ngo-18-22%. Ngenxa yokuthi i-nitrogen ikhona kuyo, izitshalo zamakhukhamba zisabela ekukhuleni okugcwele kwesisindo semifino. I-Potassium isiza ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwezitshalo zamakhukhamba, kanye ne-phosphorus, ngenxa yokuthi kuvusa ukuthuthukiswa kwefayibha, kuthinta kahle ukwanda kwe-juiciness kanye nobuningi bezithelo.
Imvamisa, i-nitrophosphate ilethwa esizeni, okuhlelelwe ukuthi ithathwe izitshalo zamakhukhamba ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sekwindla sokumba inhlabathi ngenani lama-25 g nge-skwele ngalinye. Ngemuva kokutshala izithombo zamakhukhamba esizeni, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, ungakwazi ukufaka umanyolo we-nitrophose emanzini, ngoba lokhu udinga ukuqeda umanyolo ongu-35 g ebhakedeni lamanzi bese usebenzisa u-0,5 l kwisitshalo ngasinye.
Lapho kukhula ugalikhi
I-Garlic (bobabili ubusika nentwasahlobo) ifakwa ngama-nitrophos entwasahlobo. Imvamisa, i-urea ingeniswa kuqala, kuthi emva kwezinsuku eziyi-14-15, i-nitrophos. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungenza i-nitrophosk ichithwe emanzini ngenani le-25 g ngebhakede lamanzi. Cishe amalitha ama-3,5 alesi sixazululo asetshenziswa ngemitha eyodwa kwezikwele yenhlabathi ehlala ngaphansi kukagalikhi, okuwukuthi, ibhakede lesisombululo liya kumamitha-skwele amathathu omhlabathi ohlala ngaphansi kukagalikhi.
Lapho sikhula raspberries
Uma unikezwe ukuthi ama-raspberries afunwa kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwenhlabathi futhi aphendula kahle ekwethulweni komanyolo onzima, kufanele ondliwe nge-nitrophos njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo. Inani lomanyolo kufanele libe ngu-40-45 g ngemitha yesikwele ngalinye lomhlaba elihlala ama-raspberries. Ungakwazi ukondla raspberries ejwayelekile entwasahlobo, futhi futhi ngokushesha emva kokuvunwa. Ukwethulwa kwe-nitrophoska ngaphansi kwalesi sitshalo kwenziwa kangcono ngokujula izimbotshana zingene emhlabathini kanyekanye ngokukhulula umhlabathi kuma-raspberries. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrofoska kuma-raspberries ekwindla akwamukeleki, kanye nokungeniswa kwe-nitrophoska emigodini lapho ukutshala izithombo ze-raspberry, uma ukutshala kwenziwa ekwindla.
Lapho kukhula sitrobheli
I-Nitrofosku ngaphansi kwesithonjana segadi iyamukeleka ukuletha intwasahlobo kanye nehlobo. Kuvunyelwe ukwethula i-nitrophoska emigodini lapho utshala ama-sitrobheli engadini ngo-Agasti, inqobo nje uma ihlangene kahle nenhlabathi enomswakama. Lapho utshala ama-sitrobheli engadini, kungangeniswa imigqumo yomquba ka-5-6 emgodini ngamunye, uyixubanise nenhlabathi ukuze izimpande zingathinti ama-granules. Ukugqoka okusele kuma-sitrobheli engadini kumele kwenziwe ngasikhathi sinye ngokunisela okuningana.
Lapho i-nitrofoski ifakwa emithonjeni ngesikhathi sokutshala, ukugqokwa kokuqala okuphezulu ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo kungashiywa, futhi umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe phakathi kwenkathi yezimbali, ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakhiwa kwe-ovary. Ukugqokwa kwesithathu phezulu kungenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuna konke ukuvuna kwama sitrobheli engadini. Inani le-nitrophoska ngesikhathi sokudla akumele libe ngaphezulu kwama-30 g, okumele lichithwe ebhakedeni lamanzi, le mali yanele izitshalo ezingaba ngu-20.
I-Nitrofoska ngumanyolo omuhle kakhulu wama-sitrobheli wasengadini.
Lapho kukhula izihlahla zama-apula
INitrophosque ngaphansi kwesihlahla sama-apula kanye nezinye izitshalo zezithelo zethulwa entwasahlobo. Kufanelekile ukusebenzisa i-nitrophoska futhi ekugcineni kokuqhakaza ekuqaleni kokwakhiwa kwe-ovary. Kuvunyelwe ukufaka i-nitrophoska kwifomu elomile, kepha uma ufuna ukuthola umphumela osheshayo kwesicelo sawo, kungcono ukucibilikisa imigqumo emanzini ngenani lama-45 g ngebhakede. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye se-apula udinga ukwenza cishe amabhakede amathathu walesi sixazululo noma i-135 g yomanyolo. Uma izihlahla zama-apula zingaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala futhi zifakwe esitokisini esinamandla, khona-ke lo muthi ungakhushulelwa ku-160 g ngesitshalo ngasinye.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrofoski lapho kukhula izitshalo zezimbali
Ezithelweni zezimbali zokuhlobisa, kufanelekile ukufaka isicelo sulfate nitrophosphate, ngokubuka okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-calcium, okuthe, njengoba sesibonisile, kwandisa ukuheha izitshalo ngokuphelele, kwandisa inani lokuqhakaza, izimbali, kwandisa ukugqama kwazo futhi kwandisa impilo yamaqabunga amaqabunga.
I-Nitrofoska ingasetjenziswa kokubili ezitshalweni zezimbali ezihlala njalo nasehlobo. Ukutshala kuvunyelwe emigodini lapho ukutshala ama-bulbs kanye nezithombo entwasahlobo. I-nitrofoska eyomile ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa; isisombululo se-25 g se-nitrofoska silungiswa ebhakedeni lamanzi. Komthombo owodwa, i-100 g yesisombululo iyadingeka lapho ukutshala ama, lapho ukutshala izithombo - 150 g yesisombululo.
I-Letniki ingondliwa ngesisombululo ngaphambi kokuqhakaza (200 g ngesitshalo ngasinye), izitshalo zezimbali ezingapheli eziqeda ukuqhuma kwezimbali engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo zingondliwa ngenani elifanayo le-nitrophos ekugcineni kwezimbali.
