Uzothanda i-asparagus

Abalimi basazi isikhathi eside lesi sitshalo semifino, yize singatholanga ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi. Kepha ngeze. Ngemuva kwakho konke, amahlumela e-asparagus, futhi ayadliwa, amnandi, anempilo futhi ayaphilisa. Zethulwe ngokucebile i-anti-zingotic vithamini C.

I-asparagus yasendle ikhula ezindaweni eziningi eYurophu naseSiberia. Isihlahla saso sifakwe iziqu ezinde eziluhlaza okotshani, abancane kunabo banesimo sezinaliti eziqoqiwe ku-whorls (zifana nezinaliti zesigaxa). I-Asparagus ayinawo amaqabunga aluhlaza; izinsalela zazo zigcinwa ngendlela yamafilimu angenawo umbala angenxantathu acindezelwe ngokumelene nesiqu; emacansini la mafilimu, amafomu e-buds, okuvela kuwo amagatsha aluhlaza akhula kuwo.

U-Asparagus uhlala endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engu-18-20 noma ngaphezulu, akha amahlumela angama-50. Lesi sitshalo sinhlobonhlobo: izimbali ezitshalweni zesilisa zakha impova, futhi ezitshalweni zabesifazane ama-ovaries nezithelo ezibomvu ezingangeneki, ezifana namajikijolo ama-rollan. Amajikijolo - imbewu engu-1 - 2, egcina ukuhluma iminyaka engama-5-6.

I-Asparagus, noma i-Asparagus (Asparagus)

Ezweni lethu, ukuhlukahluka kwe-asparagus okuqala ukukhula kuvamile - I-Argentinaeil. Iziqongo zezithungo eziqhamuka emhlabathini kuleli hlaka lwenhliziyo zinombala omhlophe, opinki obomvana. Iziqu ezinamanzi amancane zinkulu, ziwugqinsi, azibilisi ngenkathi upheka.

Ungazalela kanjani ama-asparagus? Imvamisa kusatshalaliswa izithombo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imbewu ihlwanyelwa endaweni yezingane evulekile. Umquba ufakwa kule ndawo ekwindla - Amabhakede ama-1-2 nge-1 m2 futhi isiza simbiwa saya ku-15- 20 cm. Entwasahlobo, kumenyezelwa umanyolo wamaminerali: i-urea, superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium (30- 40 g nge-1 m2). Ngemuva kwalokho yenza umgodi ojulile. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi kusuka ku-1 m2 kuze kufike ku-500 g weziqu ezidliwayo kuvunwa eminyakeni yokuqala, kuze kufike kwikhilogremu eminyakeni elandelayo, uzungu lwe-2-3 m2 kumthengi ngamunye lubekelwe i-asparagus. Izitshalo ezi-4-5 zitshalwa nge-1 m2.

Imbewu ifakwe ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingama-1-2 futhi ivuthwe isonto lonke ekushiseni okungaba ngu-20 °. Kuhlwanyelwa entwasahlobo, lapho inhlabathi ifudumala kuze kufike ku-12 --_ 15 °. Ngemuva kokwenza i-groove enobude obungama-4-5 cm, imbewu ekhulelisiwe ihlwanyelwe kude ne-6 cm cm, imbozwe ngenhlabathi ka-3 cm.Umhlabathi bese umbozwa ungqimba we-humus ongamasentimitha, okwandisa ukuhluma kwezimbewu. Lapho uhlwanyela ngemigqa emi-2, isikhathi esiphakathi kwawo singama-30 cm.

I-Asparagus, noma i-Asparagus (Asparagus)

Ukunakekelwa kwezithombo ngesikhathi sehlobo kuqukethe ukukhululwa komhlabathi okwenziwe izikhala ezi-4-6. Ezinyangeni ezi-2 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, izithombo zondliwa ngesinaphi, zixutshwe amahlandla amane, noma ngesisombululo se-urea esimanzi ngo-10-15 g nge-1 m2. NgoSepthemba, ukumisa ukukhula kwe-asparagus, superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium (20-30 g nge-1 m2) kunezelwa. Ngokuqala kwesithwathwa esimba ngokuqinile sekwephuzile, izithombo zimbozwa nge-peat noma ngomquba, zigcwalisa ingxenye engezansi yeziqu ngamasentimitha angama-5.I-asparagus ehleliwe ayiqandeki, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iqala ukukhula entwasahlobo futhi ayonakaliswa yiqhwa.

Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, kuthatha isizini eyodwa ukulungiselela izithombo ze-asparagus, kanye neminyaka emibili emzileni ophakathi. Entwasahlobo, izithombo ezimbiwe ziyahlungwa. Izithombo ezinhle kakhulu zinama-buds angama-3-5 athuthukile ezisekelweni futhi anohlelo olunamandla lwezimpande.

Lapho utshala ama-asparagus esizeni esingapheli, khumbula ukuthi akubekezeleli ukubekelwa amanzi: amanzi asemhlabathini akufanele asondele kune-160 cm ukusuka ebusweni bomhlaba. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle kanye nomanyolo omningi, i-asparagus ikhula endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engama-18-20 noma ngaphezulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, upha izakhi zomzimba eziningi enhlabathini.

I-Asparagus, noma i-Asparagus (Asparagus)

Inhlabathi ye-asparagus idinga ukutshala kahle, okumbiwe ngokujulile, kulinywe futhi kukhiqizwe kahle. Ngaphansi kwezimo zomquba ezingeyona i-chernozem, amabhakede ama-7- 10 nge-1 m2 enziwe ekwindla. Kumakhilikithi, umthamo womquba uncishiswa ube ngamabhakede ama-1 kuye kwayi-2. Umanyolo ube usubekwa uphawu lokujula kwama-80-40 cm. Ukuze wenze lokhu, phendukela endaweni yokumba okungamashekeli amabili (emabheyini amabili), ulayishe ungqimba olungaphezulu lomhlabathi ngomanyolo phansi, bese uguqula phansi kube ngaphezulu.

I-asparagus kumele itshalwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhula kwesiqu. Kutshalwe emiseleni kuze kufike ekujuleni kwama-30 cm. Amabanga phakathi kwamisele ahlala phakathi kuka-60 no-90 cm. Futhi izikhala eziphakathi kwezitshalo ezikulayini zishiya u-26-35 cm, zibeka izitshalo ezi-4 nge-1 m2. Lapho utshala, izithombo kufanele zimbozwe ngenhlabathi ku-6-8 cm namanzi amaningi. Ama-apical efihlekile ezithombo kufanele ashiywe emiseleni engu-20 cm ngaphansi komhlabathi.

Ukunakekela lesi sitshalo semifino kuyabiliswa kuze kufike ekutshaleni umugqa wesikhathi esifanayo nokunisela ngesikhathi sezulu esomile. Ekwindla, imisele ebanjayo ihlukaniswe ngomhlaba.

Ngonyaka wesibili, entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kwenziwa umkhondo oqhubekayo wamamayela ayi-4-6. Ekwindla, ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, iziqu ezindala zisikiwe; Ingxenye engezansi yezitshalo iyeluliwe, iminganise imisele ngokuphelele. Ngonyaka olandelayo, entwasahlobo, njengokugqoka okuphezulu, kufakwa umanyolo wamaminerali amaningi: i-nitrogen, phosphorus ne-potassium (30-40 g nge-1 m2). Umanyolo uvala ngocingo. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kukhula ukhula; lapho kushisa, i-asparagus ayilibaleki ukuthi inisele amanzi futhi ikhulule inhlabathi eseduze kwayo. Ekwindla, iziqu ezindala ziyasikwa futhi; engxenyeni engezansi yezitshalo igxunyekwe ekuphakameni kwe-10-16 vol. Lapho inhlabathi iqina, izitshalo ze-asparagus zifafazwa nge-humus noma i-peat bese iziqongo zilethwa zaya ku-20-22 cm ukuphakama.

I-Asparagus, noma i-Asparagus (Asparagus)

Ngonyaka wesine ngemuva kokutshala, i-asparagus inika amahlumela wokudla okokuqala. Lapho imbozwe ngefilimu emnyama, inhlabathi isheshe ifudumale ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kanti ukuvuna kwe-asparagus kuqala ezinsukwini eziyi-10-16 ngaphambili kunokujwayelekile. Kuqhuma amahlumela e-Asparagus ngemuva kokudabula ungqimba lomhlabathi oxegayo bese eqala ukuphakamisa ukugqwala kwalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bamba ngesandla inhlabathi kusuka neziqu ezihlanganisiwe bese uyaphula ngokucophelela phansi. Umgodi ube usumbozwa ngomhlaba, odalulwe phezulu kogongolo: kungaba ngcono ukuqaphela ukubukeka kwamahlumela alandelayo. Kwisimo sezulu esishisa kakhulu, i-asparagus ivunwa kuphela ekuseni nakusihlwa, ngoba elangeni, iziqu ezinamajubane zibuna ngokushesha, ziphelelwe ukunambitheka kwazo. Emazingeni okushisa aze afike ku-16 °, ama-asparagus aqoqwa kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-3-4, futhi ngesikhathi esishisayo - ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-1 - 2. Ukuze ungazenzi buthaka izitshalo ezisencane, ngonyaka wokuqala wokuvunwa, isivuno asivunyelwe ngaphezulu kwezinsuku ezingama-20: ukusuka kwengxenye kaMeyi kuya ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ngeminyaka ye-asparagus, ukuvuna kancane kancane kunwetshwa kufike ezinsukwini ezingama-46. Amahlumela avuniwe ahlelwa egumbini elipholile.

Amahlumela amancane (afinyelela ku-14 cm ubude) abekwa eceleni amasobho, amakhulu asetshenziswa ezitsheni ezihlukile. Ekamelweni elomile, elifudumele nelikhanyayo, amahlumela amnyama ngokushesha futhi abune. Ngakho-ke, zigcinwa esiqandisini emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-0 °. Ukuvimbela iziqu kusuka ekushwabeni, izigaxa ezinemikhawulo ezisikiwe zidonswa emanzini amahora angama-8-10 (akusekho lutho).

Ekupheleni kokuvunwa, i-asparagus iyadliwa. Ukukhiqiza kwalo kuncike ngqo ekugqokeni okuphezulu. Eminyakeni engu-5 yokuqala yokuvuna, kuyadingeka ukukhokha u-20-30 g we-urea, superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium ngemitha yesikwele. Eminyakeni eyi-10 elandelayo, ngesikhathi sokuvunwa okuphezulu kakhulu, umanyolo wamaminerali ungezelelwa u-30- 40 g ngamunye, lapho-ke, lapho izilimo ze-asparagus ziqala ukuwa, kwanele ukufaka umquba ongu-20-30 g nge 1 ma. Ngemuva kokugqoka ngakunye, imibhede iyadedelwa bese inhlabathi ithukululwe. Ukuqothuka kwe-Autumn kanye nothuli lwezinqola ngomquba noma ukubekeka kumabhakede angama-1-2 nge-1 m2 kunika umphumela omuhle.

Uyini umkhiqizo we-asparagus? Eminyakeni yokuqala engu-4-6, ukuvuna kwamahlumela kukhuphuka kusuka ku-200-400 kuye ku-700-1000 g kusuka ku-1 m2, kule minyaka engu-8 ukuya kwezi-11 kuya phambili, isivuno sihlala sisezingeni elitholile, emva kwalokho iziqu sincanyana kanti ukuvuna kuncishisiwe.

Kungenzeka ukukhulisa i-asparagus ehlanganisiwe kuphela ngezandla ezikhululekile kanye nomcebo kumanyolo we-organic. Lezi zidingo zaphoqelela abatshali bemifino baseFrance, e-USA, eJalimane nakwamanye amazwe ukuba baphendukele emasikweni we-green asparagus. Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-asparagus eziluhlaza zinambitha okuhle futhi zinothile ngamavithamini. Ngonyaka wesithathu ngemuva kokutshala, baqala ukunikeza izihloko eziluhlaza amahlumela amasha. Iziqu zidwetshwa nsuku zonke, ngoba ngokuvunwa okungavamile ama-asparagus coarsens, ayaqina futhi alahlekelwe yizimpawu zokudla okunempilo.

I-Asparagus, noma i-Asparagus (Asparagus)

Izitsha ze-Asparagus

I-Asparagus ebilisiwe. Ukukhetha iziqu ezisikiwe ngangokunokwenzeka ngobude nobukhulu obufanayo, ukuthwebula ngommese obukhali, ukuzama ukugcina isiphetho esingaphezulu - le yingxenye emnandi kakhulu yelesi. Ngemuva kwalokho, hlamba i-asparagus bese ubopha izingcezu eziyi-8-10 izinyanda, usike ngokulinganayo, bese upheka emanzini anosawoti, ubeke amahlumela amakhanda abo phezulu (awagcwalisiwe ngamanzi). Bilisa iziqu imizuzu engu-15 ukuya kwe-20, lapho nje kuphela ukuphela amahlumela kuthambile - yeka ukupheka; Amahlumela aphekwe ngokweqile alahlekelwa yiphunga lawo futhi abe manzi, Amanzi avumelekile ukugobhoza ngesihlungo, izixha azithukululwa zibekwe esitsheni. Yidla i-asparagus nge imayonnaise, isosi yamafutha amaqanda noma ukuthambisa ngaphambi kawoyela yemifino ufafaze nge-fried ochotshoziwe echithiwe.

Kuma-1 kg we-asparagus thatha: 80 g kawoyela, 10 g kasawoti no-50 g wezinto eziqhekeki.

I-Asparagus yeBraised. Sika i-petharagus ehlutshiwe bese uyigeza ube izicucu, bese ukhokha ngenani elincane lamanzi anosawoti. Pheka ngokwahlukile isoso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, gcwalisa amanzi nge-passer elungiselelwe kusuka ibhotela nefulawa, ekugcineni engeza ubisi ne-isikhupha seqanda. Dlulisa i-asparagus ehlosiwe ku-sauce ephumayo bese ufafaza nge-parsley eluhlaza eunjiwe. Amazambane nelayisi kufanelekile i-asparagus.

Nge-1 kg ye-asparagus thatha: 60 g webhotela, 40 g kafulawa, 0,38 l wamanzi, 1 yolk, 0,25 l wobisi, usawoti (ukunambitha).

I-asparagus eluhlaza. Sika izingcezu ezincane ze-asparagus zibe yizicucu ezi-2 cm, ubilise emanzini anosawoti bese ugoqa, uvumele ukhamo lwamanzi, inkathi nge-anyanisi enosawoti, iparsley, i-tarragon, bese uthela ngaphezulu ngamaqanda ashayiwe bese ubhaka.