Imifino iyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla nomthombo oyinhloko wamavithamini wemvelo kumuntu wanamuhla. Ngemuva kokuvuna, kuhlale kunenkinga yokulondolozwa imifino eminingi ebusika. Ama-karoti awafani nalutho, uma kuthandwa ukuthandwa kwalolu imifino, kufanelekile ukubona ukuthi ungakhula kanjani izaqathe kuvidiyo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema amaphutha amaningi ngokutshala imbewu nasekutshaleni kwazo okuqhubekayo.
Ngabe kungcono kanjani ukutshala izaqathe esiqeshini futhi nini?
Isitshalo esihle semifino sincike ekutshaleni kwabo okuyikho futhi okufika ngesikhathi kubo esakhiweni. Izaqathi zikhula ngokutshala imbewu. Ukunquma ukuthi kunini lapho kufanelekile ukutshala izaqathe esizeni, udinga ukubheka izici zokuhluma kwembewu yalesi sitshalo semifino.
Imbewu yekherothi inesikhathi sokukhula esanele ngokwanele, izithombo zokuqala zingavela emavikini amathathu kuphela emva kokutshala. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuhluma kancane kwezinhlobo zembewu, kepha ubulukhuni bazo busika obuhle, izaqathe zingatshalwa kuphela entwasahlobo, ngemuva kokuncibilikisa inhlabathi, kodwa futhi nasebusika.
Kungcono ukutshala izaqathe ebusika engxenyeni yesibili ka-Okthoba, nakwezinye izindawo - ekuqaleni kukaNovemba.
Lapho kutshalwe ubusika, izaqathe zilungele ukudliwa ngemuva kokuvunwa, njengomthetho, azilungele ukugcinwa isikhathi eside ebusika.
Ngokugcina amabhukumaka efanelekile izaqathi ezihlwanyelwe entwasahlobo. Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokuphinda uzikhumbuze kanye nzalo yilezi:
- Vitamin 6;
- USamsoni;
- I-Altair;
- UShantane;
- I-Morevna.
Lapho ukhula izaqathe zokugcina isikhathi eside ebusika, kuyadingeka ukugcina isikhathi sokuvuna, khona-ke impilo yeshelufu lezaqathe izoba yinde, imifino ihlala isesimweni esihle cishe kuze kufike isivuno esisha. Amathiphu ambalwa azosiza abalimi bavune isivuno ngesikhathi futhi basigcine simusha kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
Ungawagcina kanjani izaqathi ekhaya?
Ukuphepha izaqathi akuthonywa hhayi ngezinhlobonhlobo kuphela, kepha futhi nesikhathi sokuvuna. Uma ushesha, bamba izaqathe ngaphambili, khona-ke kuzokwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma ngabe usephuze i-frill yezitshalo, imifino ingahlushwa imvula yasekwindla, ngakho-ke unganikeza izincomo ezijwayelekile zokuthi ungazigcina kanjani izaqathe, futhi abalimi bazokwenza ushintsho esimweni sezulu nesimo sezulu esifundeni uqobo.
Musa ukujaha ukuvuna izaqathi ezenzelwe isitoreji esisha, ukumbiwa kusenesikhathi kakhulu, akutholi isisindo esidingekayo.
Ezifundeni eziningi, abalimi bashesha ukugaya izithombo zezimpande ngaphambi kwenkathi yemvula yasekwindla, lapho umgwaqo usafudumele ngokwanele, ukhohlwa ngezinto ezintathu ezibalulekile:
- inzuzo enkulu yamakaroti iwela ngoSepthemba - Okthoba;
- izinhlobo sekwephuzile, ezembiwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, zinambitheka okuphansi;
- ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba kushisa ngokwanele futhi kwisitoreji izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu ukugcina imifino.
Isibonakaliso sokuqala ukuvuna izaqathi singaba iziqongo eziphuzi.
Kuyadingeka ukuqala ukuvuna izaqathe esimweni sezulu esomile, ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho umbuso wokushisa wehla, izinqubo zokukhula kwezimpande zezilimo zehla. Kulula kakhulu ukuqoqa izaqathe ngezandla zakho noma ukumba nge-pitchfork kunefosholo. Ukumba izithombo zezimpande kufanele kuhlungwe. Kuncane kakhulu, okunesisindo esingahambelani nebanga, kukhethwa ukucutshungulwa, futhi imifino elimele, ekhubazekile nayo ithunyelwa lapha. Okwesitoreji, isanqante esibushelelezi, esingonakalisiwe sibekwa ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokubola.
Umbuzo uvame ukuvela: ukuthi wenzani ngeziqongo nokuthi ungagcina kanjani izaqathi, ngeziqongo noma ngaphandle? Iziqongo ze-karoti kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthi izaqathe zibiwe emhlabathini, ngoba zingadonsela umswakama uqobo, okungaholela ekutheni womiswe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ungakwenza lokhu ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
- ukusonta izisekelo ngesandla sakho ekhanda lezimpande;
- usike ngommese ekhanda kwesitshalo sezimpande, ushiye kuze kufike ku-5 cm weziqongo;
- anqume ekhanda uqobo;
- usike ngommese kanye nengxenye yekhanda.
Ngemuva kokuba izaqathi sembiwe, iziqongo zisusiwe, kufanele zomiswe egumbini elipholile lapho kufinyelela khona ama-+ 8 + 10 degrees.
Izaqathi ezilungiselelwe ukugcinwa zingafakwa emabhokisini, ziwathele:
- Sawdust. I-500 kg izaqathi izodinga amamitha ayi-0.3 - 0.5 ama-cubic. m sawdust.
- Isihlabathi.
- I-anyanisi husk.
Amabhokisi alungiselelwe ane-izaqathe asethwe emiphongolweni.
Izaqathi zigcinwa ekushiseni kwama- +1 +3 degrees, endaweni emnyama.
Inani elincane lezaqathi lingagcinwa efulethini, ulibeka ku-5 - 10 kg emigqeni ngisho emabhokisini amakhadibhodi, bese ufaka izimpande eziyi-1 - 2 zamahhashi ebhokisini ngalinye. Amabhokisi asendaweni enhle kakhulu efulethini. Uma kukhona izaqathe eziningi, zingagcinwa ngokuthela izinkomo kwisitoreji esikhethekile; ukuphakama komhlambi kungasukela kumitha elilodwa kuya kwesine. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kalula kukhiqizi wezezimboni noma wezezimboni ezikhulayo. Isitoreji sokubekwa kwezinkomo kufanele sifakwe umoya omncane futhi kuyadingeka ukugcina amazinga okushisa angama-0 +1 kuwo. Ukuhambisana nezincomo ezingenhla kuzothuthukisa impilo eshalofini lama-izaqathe kuze kube sekuvuneni okulandelayo.
