Izihlahla zokuqala zikakholamu kanye neparele zavela ezingadini zaseRussia cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule. I-plum enomumo wekholomu enamagatsha athuthukile noma angekho emathangeni ayivelakancane, kepha izinzuzo zesiko elingajwayelekile sezivele zithakazelisa kubahlali basehlobo kanye nabanikazi bezingadi zamapulazi.
Ukuguqulwa kwemvelo kwezitshalo ezithela izithelo, okwaholela ohlotsheni olwalungeyona eyendabuko yezihlahla, kwaphawulwa kwalungiswa. Ngenxa yalokho, namuhla ekuchitheni abathanda kukhona izinhlobo eziningana ezinezithelo ezinkulu zokusebenzisa indawo yonke.
Izici ze-Colon-shape Plum
Amaplamu ajwayelekile amade ngokwanele. Ama-orts amaningi athambekele ebumeni obukhulu be -qhele, ophazamisa ukunakekelwa, anomthelela ekusakazekeni kwezinambuzane nezifo, futhi wenza nzima ukuqoqwa kwezithelo ezivuthiwe. Isakhiwo somqhele wekholamu yepulamu sihluke ngokuphelele. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla somdala akwedluli kumamitha ayi-2-2,5, kuyilapho esiqwini akukho magatsha amakhulu esigaxa, futhi izithelo zihlala kuphela emagatsheni asesiqeshini, lingabi ngaphezu kuka-15-20 cm ubude.
Ngokutshala nokunakekelwa okufanele, amaplamu amise okoloni kumasheya aqinile aqala ukuthela izithelo esekuphele iminyaka engama-2-4. Yiziphi ezinye izinzuzo zokukhula kwezihlahla zezithelo ezinomqhele omncane, ocishe ungabi ngegatsha?
Okomzuzwana, umhlali wasehlobo angaqoqa kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10 kg wezithelo ezimnandi esihlahleni. Isilimo esinjalo sincane kakhulu kunesitshalo esivamile esivamile. Kepha uma ubheka ukuthi izihlahla zemithi yeplamu zitshalwa kaningi, ukukhiqizwa kwengadi kukhuphuka kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa kokutshala ama-plums enomzimba wekoloni kulula kakhulu. Encane ngevolumu, umqhele utholakala kalula ezinambuzaneni zokuvumelanisa impova, uthungwa umoya futhi ukhanyiswe ngokuphelele yilanga.
Okuwukuphela kokukhishwa kweplamu yepholar iminyaka yobudala yesihlahla. Lapho ifika eminyakeni eyishumi, ukuguga kuqala futhi kuvame ukuwohloka ngokwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abanesifiso sokuqhakaza kakhulu kufanele bathuthukise, okungenani ingxenye, bavuselele okutshalekile.
Namuhla kule enkulisa ehlobo izakhamizi zingathola izinhlobo eziningi zama-plums ezinomqhele ocwebile ngendlela ekholamu eluhlaza.
Blue Plum Okunhlobonhlobo
Ezingadini ezizimele ezisuka esifundeni saseMoscow kuya ezifundeni eziseningizimu, kufanelekile nge-Blue Sweet plum. Izihlahla ezingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5 ukuphakama zihlukaniswa yisigaxa esincanyana, ukutholakala kwamaqabunga angafushane kakhulu futhi kube nesithelo esiningi. Ngamasu anekhono kwezolimo, kufika kumakhilogremu ayi-15 wezithelo ezinkulu eziluhlaza okotshani ezivuthwa ezihlahleni zezithelo. Uma ihlobo lifudumele ngokwanele, izithelo azithambekele ekuqhekekeni zinezisindo ezifika ku-60-70 amagremu. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba esimbozwe ngentambo ye-wax eblue, kufakwe inyama ebomvu, ecwebezelayo yokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu.
Ithambo elicijile le-oval elihlukaniswe kalula kusuka ku-pulp encibilikayo liyoba ibhonasi elimnandi labathandi bezithelo ezintsha ze-Blue Sweet.
Amaplamu alungele ukuvunwa emavikini angama-3-4 ku-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Izinhlobonhlobo zepulamu ingobusika obunzima futhi ingamelana nokubanda komgwaqo ophakathi nendawo ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala. Ukuze sithole isivuno esikhulu, lesi sitshalo sidinga ama-pollinators, ngokwesibonelo, izihlahla zeStanley ezitshalwe eduzane.
I-Imperial Plum Plum
Umuthi ongafinyelela kumamitha amabili ukuphakama unobume obuncane be-pyramidal namagatsha asecarse sparse. Izitshalo ezincane ze-Imperial plum ezimise okwenziwe ngomthambo zinomthamo wokukhula okuphezulu, oncipha kancane ngeminyaka engu-3-4, lapho kuqala isikhathi sezithelo.
Usayizi ophakathi nendawo, ngaphandle kokuphonsa kwe-pubescence kuvela ngemuva kokuqhakaza eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaMeyi. I-ovary eningi emboza amahlumela asesiqeshini, futhi njengoba ivuthwa luhlaza, iba nsomi-onsomi noma i-maroon. I-peel emincane, embozwe ngombala ifihla inyama ephuzi noma epinki. Amapulangwe ale nhlobonhlobo:
- buthela kahle ubumnandi;
- abe ne-acidity ephansi;
- Ukusabalalisa iphunga lezithelo ezilula.
Ukuvuthwa okuningi kuqala maphakathi no-Agasti, kanti eningizimu iya kude, ikhwalithi yezithelo enesisindo esukela ku-40 kuya ku-60 amagremu.
Njengezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, i-Imperial ikholamu iplamu yisitshalo esingazithobi esidinga ukutshala izihlahla zokuphetha impova. Zikhethiwe, zigxile esikhathini sezimbali ezijwayelekile.
Ngemuva kokususwa emagatsheni, amaplamu angagcinwa kuze kuphele amasonto amabili, aze asetshenziswe okusha, ngokulondolozwa noma ekuphekeni.
Ukutshala kweplamuid we-plum nezincomo zokunakekelwa
Ubungozi obukhulu obumele umuntu ohlala ehlobo, onqume ukuthi akhule iplamu ebunjwe ikholomu, uwukulimala kwe-apical ukukhula bud. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka lapho kubanda izithombo ezincane kakhulu. Umuthi olinganiselwe ekukhuleni ngenkuthalo wenza amagatsha asebusweni. ICrohn ilahlekelwa yifomu yayo yasekuqaleni, isivuno siwohloka ngokushesha. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, kubalulekile:
- ukhethe kahle isikhathi sokufika;
- thola isiza esifanele;
- tshala kahle isihlahla sezithelo esincane;
- ngokushesha unikeze ukunakekelwa okufanele, kufaka phakathi ukuchelela kanye nokudla okunempilo.
Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, e-Urals nakwezinye izindawo, lapho okuvame kakhulu ukubanda ekwindla namakhaza kuqale kakhulu, izinhlobo zesifunda zekhalamu zitshalwa kuphela entwasahlobo. ENingizimu yesifunda iBlack Earth, lesi sitshalo singabuye sitshalwe ekwindla, sinikeze isivikelo esinokwethenjelwa emimoyeni, namagundane nasebusika obungenabo iqhwa.
Endaweni enelanga elinomhlabathi ovundile okhanyayo, amaplamu atshalwa kude okungenani ama-50 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Phakathi kwemigqa engadini enjalo yenza izikhala cishe ngamamitha elilodwa nesigamu.
Ukushiya ngemuva kokutshala i-plum enjenge-plum ehlukile kancane kwendabuko. Ukuze usheshise ukubanda kwezimpawu, ngemuva kokuba izithombo zishaye emhlabathini, kubalulekile ukuzondla ngezithuthukisi ezikhulisa amandla ohlelo lwempande. Ukuthena izihlahla kuncishiselwa kokuhlanzeka, okungukuthi, kulimale, amagatsha aqandisiwe noma omisiwe asuswe ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi. Uma ithiphu yonakele, iphuzu lokukhula lidluliselwa kwelinye lamasongo afanele.
