Phakathi kochwepheshe, i-foundationazole yaziwa kangcono njenge-fungicide enomphumela we-systemic kanye nokuxhumana. Kwethula isigaba se-benzimidazoles, lesi sidakamizwa njengesihloko esikhulu esisebenzayo siqukethe i-benomyl engxenyeni yama-gramu ayi-500 nge-1 kg yesisindo.
Kuyathengiswa, kunikelwa ngendlela yepompo elimhlophe elimunyayo nephunga elimfuthelayo.
Izici zesimo se-foundationazole
Sebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa ngokuqapha ngokweqile: ngokuya ngesigaba se-hazard, kungokwesigaba sesibili, esikuthatha njenge into enobuthi kakhulu.
Umphumela omkhulu wokusetshenziswa kwalesi sinambuzane kungenxa yokuthi, ngenxa yokucutshungulwa, isikhunta siyeka ukuzala kabusha, ngoba kuvela imiphumela engenakuphikiswa ku-nucleus yeseli, engasakwazi ukuhlukanisa.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko ukunisela izimpande, ukwelashwa ngembewukanye neziqu noma ukona kwamahlamvu.
Izinsuku ezintathu zokuqala ngemuva kokwelashwa, umuthi uqala ukusebenza, uqeda kuphela izimpawu zangaphandle zesifo. Ezinsukwini eziyi-7 ezilandelayo, umphumela uyagcinwa, uvikele ukuvela kwamagciwane amasha.
Abathengi abaningi abazi kahle ngempahla ye-foundationazole ukukhombisa isenzo se-acaricidal. Liziveza maqondana nama-spider mites amadala nezinhlobo zazo, okwenza ukukhula kwawo kube nokwenzeka.
Umuthi uyakhombisa izakhiwo ezinambuzelayo lapho isetshenziswa empini yokulwa nama-aphid kanye namaqabunga amabhungane amaqabunga angenakumela. Umphumela ofanayo uqinisekiswa iqiniso lokuthi izibungu azikwazi ukuqhubekela esigabeni sabadala esilandelayo, noma kunjalo, umuthi awathinti amaqanda.
Kunobufakazi obungenakuphikwa bokuthi i-foundationazole inempahla ye-nematicidal. Umuthi awunawo umthelela onobuthi ezitshalweni, noma kunjalo, uma imithamo enconyiwe ingabonakali, umphumela wokudangala kungenzeka.
Ukusebenza kokusetshenziswa kwomuthi kugcinwa ngaphandle kokushisa komoya. Ngakho-ke, ingasetshenziselwa ukucubungula hhayi kuphela entwasahlobo, kodwa futhi ekwindla sekwephuzile.
Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa isikhunta kwezinye izidakamizwa ngokusabela okungathathi hlangothi kwesisombululo esimanzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukungezwa kuzixazululo lapho izakhi zikalamula ne-alkal zikhona zingamukeleki.
Isebenzisa kuphi i-foundationazole?
IFundazole inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, okubonisa ukusebenza kahle ekulweni namagciwane ahlukahlukene wezifo zokukhunta:
imbewu yokubumba;- indawo yokuhlala esithathelwanayo yezithombo zezinhlamvu;
- i-powdery hlobo;
- ukubola okungwevu;
- ukubona amabala;
- ibuna ibole.
imbewu yokubumba;Isenzo se-baseazole
Ngemuva kokwelashwa, i-foundationazole ingena ohlelweni lwe-vascular of theitshalo, ihamba ngalo ngokuqondile endaweni eyi-acropetal. Ukunyakaza kwawo kwenzeka kuphela nge-xylem.
Ngamanye amagama, ukufeza umphumela, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuthambisa nokugqoka izimpande. Isilinganiso esisebenzayo futhi indlela yokufafazakepha-ke, kuleli cala, izinguquko zibhekwa kuphela ezindaweni zokufaka umuthi. Umphumela wokwelashwa nge-foundationazole awusebenzi kumaqabunga angomakhelwane.
Ochwepheshe bathi le fung fung ayikwazi ukumelana ngempumelelo namagciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho kunobufakazi bokuthi ukwelashwa nge-foundationazole isilinganiso sokuzivikela esisebenzayo i-bacteriosis kwimifino, emidumba nokusanhlamvu. Futhi ngakho-ke kunzima ukusho ukuthi iyiphi iqiniso eyiqiniso.
Kunemibono eminingi yokuphikisana mayelana ne-baseol. Okokuqala, abalimi bezimbali abasebenza ngokukhulisa izitshalo zasendlini bakhuluma ngendlela ehlukile ngayo.
Ngokuvamile, abalandeli bama-orchid nama-bulbs bayayisebenzisa, ngoba leli thuluzi ulwa ngokuphelele nesikhunta. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, kukhona inguqulo ephathelene nobuthi obuphakeme bomuthi, ngakho-ke ekhaya akunqweneleki ukusisebenzisa.
Izici zesidakamizwa
Kukhona futhi imininingwane yokuthi i-foundationol etholakala kwinethiwekhi yezitolo ingumkhiqizo ongekho emthethweni futhi ngeke iqinisekise ukusebenza kwenqubo, ngoba okwakuqala bekungadedelwanga isikhathi eside.
Ngokusekelwe kudatha yakamuva, i-foundationazole ifakiwe kuhlu lwemithi yokubulala izinambuzane eyethulwe "kukhathalogi Yesifundazwe yemithi yokubulala izinambuzane ne-agrochemicals, kuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni weRussian Federation. "Lokho kwakungumininingwane ngoJulayi 4, 2014.
Ukubhaliswa kwe-fundazol bekufanele kuphele ngoDisemba 2014. Okwamanje, isimo ngalesi sidakamizwa asikashintshi, futhi sisengathengwa ezitolo kusukela ekuthengeni okudala. Kodwa-ke, akukafakwa kuhlu olusha lwama-pesticides avumelekile oMnyango Wezenkolo waseRussia, ngakho-ke akukacaci ukuthi isimo nomuthi uzoshintsha kanjani ngokuzayo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi noma kunjalo, i-foundationazole iyindlela yokubulala izinambuzane ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni ezithile. Futhi nakanjani kuyadingeka bambelela emithethweni yokuphepha.
Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwesikhunta esifanayo kukhulisa ukumelana kwama-fungal spores amahlandla amaningi. Ngakho-ke, uma ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe ungazange uzuze imiphumela emihle, khona-ke lokhu akusona isisekelo sokugomela ukuthi uthengisiwe inkohliso.
Ungayisebenzisi le nkohliso ekulweni nesikhunta sokukhuhla, i-Downy isikhutha nesikhunta se-genera Peronospora (peronosporosis), Prytophtora (blight sekwephuzile), uPthium (ukubola okuthambile, umlenze omnyama).
Iqiniso ngukuthi le phytoparasites esezingeni lofuzo ikhombisa ukumelana okuphezulu nemithi enjalo. Isipiliyoni sochwepheshe bamahlathi sikhombisa ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva, i-foundationazole ibasize kabi ukuvikela ama-conifers ezifweni zendabuko.
Amanani wokusebenzisa i-Fundazole
Le fungicide ingasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokutshala i-tuberous. Indlela esemqoka yokusebenzisa kwayo ukuzisebenzisa. Isixazululo silungiselelwe ngokuya ngohlelo olulandelayo: udinga ukuthatha i-10 gr. isidakamizwa bese usifaka ku-0,5 wamanzi. Umxube obangelwe unanele ukucubungula ama-tubers wembewu ayi-10.
Ukucutshungulwa kwama-gladioli ne-amaryllis kuhlukile. Umnyombo wendlela ukugcina ama ama-3 amahora kusisombululo. Ukuyilungiselela, udinga ukuthatha i-10 gr. izinto bese thela amanzi ku-2 amalitha amanzi.
Okokugqoka kukagalikhi yenza ikhambi le-10 gr. i-foundationazole, exutshwe namalitha amanzi ayi-0.5. Kulesi ngxube, izinto zokutshala zingamelana nosuku.
Futhi, i-foundationazole ijwayele ukusetshenziswa. empini yokulwa ne-powdery hlobo nezinye izifo ezingathinta izitshalo zasendlini nezengadi. Ukucubungula kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhula kusetshenziswa isisombululo esisebenza nge-0,1%.
- Ukulungiselela kwayo thatha u-10 gr. izidakamizwa futhi kuxutshwe namalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
- Izinga lokusebenzisa elinconyelwayo ngamalitha ayi-1.5 kumamitha ayi-10 skwele. m
- Ukuze kubhujiswe ngempumelelo izinambuzane, kunconywa ukuthi kwenziwe ukucubungula ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izimbali noma ngemuva kokukhiqiza izithelo kumabhizinisi wezolimo. Ngokuqondene nezitshalo zasendlini, imikhawulo enjalo ayikho, ngakho-ke, ingafafazwa uphawu lokuqala lwesifo.
Ubuthi beFundazole nezindlela zokuphepha
Ngenxa yokwelapha izitshalo nge-foundationazole, izinyosi nezinyoni zingahlupheka kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele aqaphele ikakhulukazi lapho esebenzisa umuthi eduze echibini, ngoba unobuthi kakhulu ezinhlanzini.
Kubeka nengozi ebantwini nasezilwaneni ezinegazi elifudumele. Ukuvela komzimba kwenzeka lapho kuhlangana nesikhumba nokungena emgodleni womlomo. Ukuhlangana njalo nomuthi kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhumba.
Kuvunyelwe ukuphatha izitshalo nge-foundationazole ngezingubo zokuvikela kuphela: Ukuphefumula kanye namagilavu. Ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi, kunconywa ukuthi ulungiselele isisombululo esisebenzayo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa eflethini.
Kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ungawutholi umuthi emehlweni nesikhumba. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-baseazole, kuyalulekwa ukwenqaba isikhashana ekudleni ukudla, iziphuzo nokubhema. Ekupheleni kokufafaza, kufanele geza izandla nobuso.
Usizo lokuqala lobuthi
Uma inani elincane lomuthi lifinyelela esikhunjeni, khona-ke ngokushesha udinga ukugeza ngamanzi amaningi. Uma umuthi ungena emehlweni, khona-ke kufanele ugezwe kahle ngaphansi kwamanzi ampompo.
Uma ufaka umuthi, kufanele uthathe ngokushesha izingilazi ezi-3 zamanzi bese ubangela i-gag Reflex. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuze ususe imiphumela emibi engenzeka, udinga ukuphuza amanzi ngamathebulethi amaningi e-carbon ocushiwe kanye bheka udokotela.
I-Fundazole ingenye yazo zonke izihlungi ezaziwayo ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulwa nezifo, hhayi kuphela ezimeni zemoya, kepha futhi nabalimi abavamile ukuvikela izitshalo zasendlini.
Noma kunjalo, yisebenzise ngokucophelela, ngoba kubalulekile hhayi nje ukucindezela lesi sifo, kodwa futhi gwema umthelela omubi emvelweni. Ngenxa yokufafaza, umuntu angazilimaza uma weqa umthamo ovumelekile wokusebenzisa i-foundationazole.
Ukugwema lezi zinto ezingezinhle, kunconyelwa ukufafaza lokhu okubulala kuphela ezingutsheni zokuzivikela, kuthi ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, geza izandla nobuso ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, indlela elula yokunciphisa ubungozi bokusebenzisa i-foundationazole ukuyifaka esikhundleni somuthi ophephile.
