Umuthi we-Hornbeam uyisitshalo sohlobo esinqumayo somndeni wakwaBirch. Kwesinye isikhathi sikhula njenge "shrub." Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umuthi ukhula kancane, ubukhulu bawo buhlaba umxhwele: nge-trunk di cm 40-80 cm, ukuphakama kungafinyelela kumamitha angama-30. Ngakho konke lokhu, lesi sitshalo siphila iminyaka engaba ngu-300.
Incazelo
Imvamisa, i-Hornbeam itholakala eNyakatho Nenkabazwe: i-Europe, iCaucasus, i-Iranian Highlands, i-Asia Minor kanye neCaucasus, bakhetha amahlathi amakhulu nezindawo lapho kubusa khona isimo sezulu esipholile. Ezinye izinhlobo zekhula kahle endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2000. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-30 ze-Hornbeam kuhlobo futhi zonke zinenani lokuhlobisa.
Ukuhlonza isihlahla sophondo (isithombe kanye nencazelo kuvezwe ngezansi ngokuningiliziwe) kulula ukubukeka. Amagxolo eziquleni ngimpunga futhi abushelelezi. Kokunye okubonisiwe okumbozwe yimifantu. Kukhona nezimbambo ezinde. Esikhathini sokukhula, kumiswa umqhele obukhulu obungamamitha ayi-9 kusuka kumagatsha amancanyana kanye namahlamvu anombala o-oval onemithambo kanye nomphetho we-serated. Amaqabunga e-Hornbeam ahlobisa kakhulu futhi afinyelela osayizi abangama-10 cm. Ehlobo, aluhlaza, kodwa lapho kufika ekwindla, umbala ushintsha ube nsomi noma uphuzi.
Ngokuqondene nohlelo lwezimpande, luhlotshiswe kakhulu futhi lufinyelele phezulu, lunikeza isihlahla ukumelana nomoya.
I-Hornbeam iqala ukuthela izithelo lapho iqiniswa kahle. Lokhu ndawo ndawo emva kweminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20.
Ngohlobo lwesitshalo monoecious. Kanye namahlamvu, amacici esifazane aqhakaza, ahlanganiswe ke nempova ngosizo lomoya. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kwakheka izithelo ezinamapulangwe ezinembewu eyodwa.
Ngokuqondene nezimo zokuthuthuka okuhle, umuthi uncamela ukukhula emhlabeni onothile onobugovu. Kepha imingcele yomswakama incike ezinhlobonhlobo: ezinye izimpondo zithanda indawo enomswakama, kanti ezinye zithanda eyomile.
Isimo siyefana nokubekezelelwa komthunzi. Ezinhlotsheni ezithanda ilanga, cishe azikho amahlumela ezimpande ezakhiwe, kuyilapho ezimweni ezinomthunzi kukhona eziningi zazo.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi izivakashi ezingamenywanga ngesimo sezinambuzane zithinta izitshalo ezigulayo nezibuthakathaka kuphela. Futhi-ke, ungahlangana kuphela namabhungane amaqabunga noma amagxolo.
Imvamisa, umuthi we-Hornbeam uthinteka ukukhula komdlavuza, ukubola okuhlukahlukene, ukuhlalisa amahlumela. Kuvela futhi amabala kulawo makhasi. Uma kwenzeka kutholwa izifo zokukhunta, lesi sitshalo siphathwa nge-herbicides. Uma umqhele uthinteka ngokubona amabala, khona-ke isitshalo sonke siphathwa ngesisombululo se-sulfate yethusi. Amaqabunga awileyo ayaqoqwa abese eshiswa.
Ngokuqondene nomdlavuza wesiqu, owakhiwa lapho umuthi ulimele ngesikhunta esidabukisayo ngokwenziwa kwesilonda somdlavuza, kulokhu lesi sitshalo ngeke sisindiswe. Iyanqunywa futhi ishiswe.
Ukusebenza
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-Hornbeam ukutshala ezingadini zasekhaya noma emapaki njengezwi lokugqama eliqhakazile. Kepha uma ubheka endulo, ungafunda izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo.
Lapho ukushisa izinkuni akwenzi intuthu. Kungakho ngaphambi kokuthi ngaphambili kwakuvame ukusetshenziswa kuma-braziers kuma-bakeries nakwindawo zokusebenzela zobumba.
Izinkuni zokhuni zivame ukusetshenziswa embonini ehlukahlukene:
- Izibambo ezihlala isikhathi eside zama-axes, amafosholo, ama-rakes, imimese, kanye nesisekelo sezimpawu zenziwe ngokhuni. Amabhodi okusika, phansi, neparadesi nawo kwenziwa ngawo.
- Ngenxa yamandla ayo amakhulu nokuqina, izinkuni ziye zabonwa futhi embonini yefenisha. Kuliqiniso, kanye nezinzuzo, kunezindlela eziningi zokubi. Isibonelo, ukuthembela kwezinkuni kumswakama wezemvelo kuholela ekutheni umkhiqizo we-Hornbeam unzima ukuwuqondisa noma ukuwugawula. Izinkuni kufanele ziphathwe ngamathuluzi akhethekile ukuvikela ukubola. Ngokuqondene nokudweba, ngemuva kokukhohlisa akukho zinguquko ezivelayo.
- Amahlamvu esihlahla avame ukuya ukondla imfuyo.
- Ngenxa yokuthi umuthi ubolekeka kahle ekuthengeni, uvame ukutshalwa emapaki ukuze unike izikwele nezimpawu zokugcoba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasampula angatshalwa womuntu ngamunye nangamaqembu atshaliwe.
- I-Bark isetshenziselwa izimpaphe zesikhumba.
- Futhi ngenxa yokukhula kancane nokukwazi ukubamba izinwele isikhathi eside, i-Hornbeam ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukudala i-bonsai.
- Kunamafutha amaningi abalulekile emaqabungeni nasebeni. Ngakho-ke, zivame ukusetshenziswa ku-cosmetology.
Izakhi ezibalulekile zikhona ezithelo ze-Hornbeam futhi, ngendlela, zingasetshenziswa njengokudla.
Sebenzisa emithini yesintu
Isihlahla se-Hornbeam sibuye sathola ukuqashelwa kwamanye amakhambi. Ngakho-ke, abelaphi basebenzisa amahlamvu, amagxolo ngisho nezimbali zezihlahla ekwelashweni. Lokhu kungenxa yokubumbeka kwawo kwamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, emqheleni we-Hornbeam kuqukethe: ama-tannins, ama-coumarins, ama-bioflavonoids, ama-aldehydes, i-gallic acid, i-caffeic acid. Imbewu inothile emafutheni wemifino, kanti kutholakala owoyela abaningi abadingekayo kanye ne-ascorbic acid. Ijusi nayo inothile ngezithako ezinempilo ezinoshukela kanye nama-organic acid.
Zonke izingxenye ezishiwo zesitshalo ziya ekudalweni kwemithi yokuphulukisa esetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukungabibikho kwabesifazane, ama-neoplasms ebuchosheni, kuhudo, nasezinkinga zokuhamba kwegazi kwengqondo. Futhi, i-Hornbeam iyingxenye yezimali ezisetshenziselwa ukukhipha isisu.
I-Hornbeam ingaba yisitshalo sokwelapha, kepha akufanele ukhohlwe ukuthi umuthi osemthethweni awunayo imishanguzo ene-Hornbeam. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ungazidli izidakamizwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala.
Ngakho-ke sahlangana nomunye ummeleli omnandi wezwe wezimbali. Nikeza isiza sakho i-charm encane bese utshala i-Hornbeam. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akanazo izidingo ezikhethekile zokunakekelwa.
