IJuniper - isitshalo se-everifreen coniferous, singomndeni womndeni waseCypress. Inezinzuzo eziningi futhi inesidingo esibanzi nokusebenza kwayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izingadi, ama-ese, amapaki.
I-juniper likhula njengesihlahla, i-shrubbery noma njengekhaphethi enokhamba yezinaliti. Ihlanza umoya, iqinise imithambeka. Izinkuni zibaluleke kakhulu ngamandla ayo (ukukhiqizwa kwam canes) kanye nokumelana nokubola (ukudalwa kwamapensela).
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Juniper
Yisihlahla noma isihlahla ubude baso bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-12 ngenkathi sinefomu elihluke kakhulu, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo.
Ihluka kwezinye izinhlobo ngamahlumela ansundu kanye namagxolo, akhonkotha. Izinaliti zinamahlwili, ziyaqhakaza futhi zise-lanceolate. Kukhona futhi nezigaxa ezincane ezimnyama ezinobubanzi obungu-6-10 mm ngesigaxa esimpunga esincane.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:
Juniper Suecica - isihlahla sokuhlanzeka esimile, sikhula ngokulingene, esiphakeme ngamamitha angama-4-4,5.Uhlaka lwemibala yezinaliti ezinaliti lusukela kokuluhlaza okotshani kuya kokuluhlaza okotshani.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithanda izindawo ezikhanyiswe kahle, kepha uma zitshalelwe emthunzini, khona-ke umqhele uzosakazeka emhlabathini noma uncike emuva, esikhundleni sokunwetshwa uye phezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyamelana neqhwa, ayinakungabaza futhi ibekezelela ukuthena kalula. Ngenxa yalesi sici, isetshenziselwa ukudala izingoma ezingadi, ukuhlobisa izitolo ezinkulu kanye nezakhiwo.
I-Juniper Green Carpet - Izinhlobonhlobo ezikhula ziphansi (kuphela uhhafu wemitha ukuphakama), kepha zikhula zibanzi (cishe amamitha ayisigamu nesigamu), ngakho-ke kubhekwa njengesitshalo sokumboza umhlaba. Amahlumela aneenaliti eziluhlaza ezithambile eziluhlaza.
Juniper Hibernika - Umuthi omfishane, oqondile, owakhiwe njengophawu, ofinyelela kumamitha ayi-3,5. Amagatsha awanawo amaphenti akhanyayo aluhlaza. Kudinga ukubopha ubusika, ngaphandle kwalokho amagatsha angaphuka ngaphansi kwesisindo seqhwa.
Isigaxa Segolide Juniper - Lokhu kwehlukahluka kwabanye ngombala wezinaliti. Iqiniso ngukuthi entwasahlobo amagatsha aphuzi ngokugqamile, ekwindla athole umbala ophuzi oluhlaza, bese ebusika aze abe yithusi.
Isimo esiyisisekelo sokulondolozwa kokuhlobisa ukuhlinzeka indawo ekhanyiselwe kahle ukukhula, ngaphandle kwalokho, izinaliti zivele zibe luhlaza. IJuniper ikhula ifike kumamitha amane ukuphakama futhi inobude obungamamitha ububanzi. Yisimo esijwayelekile.
Juniper Rocky
Enye yezinhlobo zejuniper ngesimo sepiramidi, kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-10. Melana nezinto eziphikisayo zemvelo, njengesimo sezulu esishisayo. Sebenzisa i-Juniper Rock njengezithsaba nezinye izingoma.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:
Juniper Skyrocket - isitshalo esimiyo, nesiqonde, sikhula njengekholomu ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-5-8, kanti ububanzi bungamamitha owodwa kuphela. Akubekezeleli ukuqina kwamanzi. Inhlabathi iyagcwala. Kuyizinhlobonhlobo ezinzima ebusika, kepha ngaphambi kokuqala ubusika, kungcono ukubopha amagatsha ndawonye ukuze angalayishwa ngesisindo seqhwa.
Juniper Blue Arrow - Uhlobo lwekholomu, lufinyelela ku-5 m ukuphakama kanye nama-0.8-1 m ku-girth. Izinaliti azixakaxanga futhi zinombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ocebile. Inhlabathi kufanele ihlanzwe kahle ukugwema ukufaka amanzi, futhi indawo leyo kufanele ibekwe kahle.
Ijuniper ye-Virtual
Kubhekwa njengokulula kakhulu ukunakekela futhi ukumelana nezinto eziphikisayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, le nhlobo ikhula eduze konxweme lwemifula. Okubaluleke kakhulu yokhuni, engamelana nokubola, ngakho-ke isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwamapensela. Imelana nesomiso, ayikwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa futhi iyabekezelela ukubopha kancane.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:
Juniper Grey Owl - inendlela yesihlahla (ukuphakama ifinyelela ku-1.5 m, ububanzi kuze kufike ku-2 m) ngezinaliti zesiliva. Inombolo enkulu yezigaxa iyinikeza umphumela okhethekile wokuhlobisa.
Juniper Hetz - Isihlahla esikhula ngokushesha esilingana nobude obuyi-2 m nobubanzi obuyi-2-3 m. Sinezinaliti ezingwevu.
Juniper Pendula - umuthi omfushane, omude (ungafinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-15). Izinaliti zinombala oluhlaza grey.
Juniper Kanaertii - ikholomu, isihlahla se-oval (ubude obungamamitha ayi-6 - 7), sinenaliti eziluhlaza okotshani obumnyama, obudonswe ngetshe lesigaxa esikhulu sogrey grey ekwindla.
Juniper Blue Cloud - Ifomu elincanyana (kufika kuhafu wemitha ukuphakama nohafu wamamitha ububanzi). Izinaliti zinombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Izihlahla ezivundlile
Zisetshenziselwa njengomhlobiso emhlabathini, njengoba zifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha angama-0.3-0.4 kuphela, kepha ekuphakameni zikhula ngo-1.5-2 m. Zibhekwa njengezinhlobo zemifino.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:
Juniper Limeglow - inenalithi ephuzi egolide egqamile. Uyazithanda izindawo ezinelanga futhi hhayi inhlabathi esindayo.
Juniper Blue Chip - izinaliti zinokungafani kokushintsha umthunzi wazo kusuka kwesiliva-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ehlobo kuye onsomi ebusika.
Juniper Andorra Variegata - Inezinaliti eziluhlaza ezikhanyayo nenani elincane likakhilimu okugxilisiwe ehlobo, kodwa ebusika, umbala onsomi-onsomi uyawususa.
Juniper Chinese
Izinguquko ezikhula kancane izihlahla nezihlahla. Izihlahla zingafinyelela kumamitha angama-20, ngakho-ke zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-bonsai miniature. Lezo zinhlobo ezikhule njengezihlahlana zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izindawo ezincane.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:
Juniper Variegata - inenaliti eluhlaza okotshani. Kufinyelela kumamitha amabili ukuphakama futhi cishe imitha eyodwa ububanzi. Isitshalo sesaba ilanga lokuqala kwentwasahlobo, ngakho-ke ngalesi sikhathi kufanele sibe nomthunzi.
I-Juniper Blue Alps - Inomqhele okhula ngokungenamikhono ngama-amahlumela asohlangothini. Ububanzi bufinyelela kumamitha amabili.
I-Cossack Juniper
Kubhekiselwa kuzo izihlahlana ezinobusika, ezinwabuzelayo, ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqinisa imithambeka, ngoba azifuneki emhlabathini, zinqande isomiso futhi zinezithombe.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:
Juniper Tamariscifolia - isihlahlana esifushane, esimfushane esinenalithi amafushane ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uma usilahla emthunzini, umbala ungaba mnyama. Ingxenye kuphela yemitha ukuphakama, kuze kufike kumamitha amabili ububanzi.
Juniper Arcadia - isitshalo esifushane esinezinaliti ezithambile eziluhlaza eziluhlaza. Ikhula ikakhulu kububanzi (kufika ku-2,5-3 m) bese iba njengekhaphethi emangalisayo.
Amajezi aphakathi
Lawa ngamabhushi acwebile anemibala ehlukahlukene. Imvamisa esetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izindawo ezincane, imithombo mini, izithambisi nezindlela eziholela endlini nokuningi.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu:
Juniper Pfitzayeza Aurea - Ukhula aze afike kumitha eyodwa futhi asakaze amamitha amabili ububanzi. Amahlumela amasha aphuzi egolide ngezinaliti ezithambile eziphuzi-luhlaza. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izindawo ezinokhanyiso kahle lapho utshala khona, njengoba emthunzini wezinaliti zingaba luhlaza nje.
Juniper Gold Star - Inezinaliti eziluhlaza ezithambile, eziluhlaza okotshani. Kufika ku-1 m ukuphakama, futhi kuze kufike ku-2 m ububanzi. Akunazidingo ezikhethekile zenhlabathi.
Juniper Old Gold - i-juniper ekhula kancane, ngakho-ke ngokuhamba konyaka inyuka ukuphakama cishe ngo-10-15 cm futhi ifinyelela amamitha owodwa nesigamu. Izinaliti zinempahla yokushintsha umbala wazo kusuka ku-golden yellow ehlobo kuya ephuzi onsundu ebusika.
Ukutshala kwejuniper nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukutshala kwejuniper emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa entwasahlobo (Ephreli-Meyi), ukutshala kwekwindla nako kuvunyelwe (ngo-Okthoba). Isithombo esilungele ukutshala ovulekile kufanele sifinyelele eminyakeni engama-3-4. Lapho uthenga izinhlobo ezintsha zezingadi, kufanele unake iqiniso lokuthi isithombo esisesitsheni esinevolumu engekho ngaphezu kwama-4-5 amalitha sithathwa kahle kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanele kube khona isibonakaliso esincane kakhulu sesifo, uma izinsolo ezincane zokutheleleka kungavela, khona-ke kungcono ukukhetha enye.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukumba umgodi osayizi omkhulu kangangokuba ubeka yonke inqwaba yodaka lapho kwakukhona khona ujuniper, ukuze izimpande zingonakalisi. Uma, ngasizathu simbe, ungaqiniseki ngokuthembeka kwenhlabathi lapho izimpande zitholakala khona, kungakuhle futhi ukuthi uhlole izimpande ngemuva kokuthenga ukubona ukuthi zonakele noma zingenwe yini.
Ngakho-ke, sibeka izimpande kuphela emanzini amahora ambalwa, bese sihlola izimpande, sisuse izingxenye ezonakalisiwe, bese siphatha izimpande nge-stimulator yokukhula (izimpande). Ijuniper enezimpande ezingenalutho ingatshalwa esizeni kuphela entwasahlobo noma ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho isimo sezulu sinomswakama ngokulinganisela.
Ngokuya ngohlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kude lapho ikhula khona.
I-Juniper Soil
Ngaphambi nje kokutshala (amasonto ayi-1.5-2), kuyadingeka ukulungisa inhlabathi. Amapayipi abiwe izikhathi eziphindwe kabili kuya kwezintathu kunesistimu yezimpande (udaka wethambo). Ungqimba (15- cm) wezitini nesihlabathi esiqhekekile lubekwa phansi njengokudonsa.
Ngemuva kwalokho sigcwalisa imbobo 2/3 ngesigatshana esingaphansi: inhlabathi ye-turf, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat (1: 1: 2 izingxenye) ezixubene ne-0,3 kg nitroammophoski. Uma inhlabathi ingeyinhle, ngokwesibonelo, isihlabathi, ungangeza isigamu sombumbi.
Isichumisi seJuniper
Ezinye izinhlobo zejuniper zidinga umanyolo owengeziwe, ngakho-ke kwi-Virginian juniper ungangeza isigamu sebhakede lomquba. Kungakuhle ngejuniper yeCossack ukufaka u-0.3 kg kafulawa we-dolomite. Zonke lezi zinqubo zenziwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngoba ngemuva kwamasonto amabili umhlaba emhlabeni uzoba nesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa futhi nesithombo singene lapho.
Ngemuva kokutshala, intamo yezimpande yesitshalo kufanele ibe ngu-7 cm cm ngaphezu komhlaba, futhi, ngenxa yokuthi umhlaba usahlala. Ngemuva kwalapho isihlahla siniselwa, futhi lapho amanzi esejululwe ngokuphelele, kuyakufanelekela ukugcoba indawo ezungeze isiqu, lokhu kuzovikela inhlabathi ukuthi ingangeni.
Ukunisela i-juniper
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, kuzokwanela ukunisela isitshalo kuphela ngesikhathi sokushisa okukhulu noma ukungabikho kwemvula isikhathi eside. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla esisodwa esidala kushiya amalitha ayi-10-15 amanzi.
Kuzoba inzuzo eyengeziwe uma ukufafaza nsuku zonke kwenziwa kusihlwa ngemuva kosuku olumnandi. Ukuze lesi sitshalo sibonge izinaliti ngemibala ekhanyayo.
Ukuthena kwejuniper
Ukuthena kwenziwa lapho kunesifiso sokunikeza i-juniper ijamo elingajwayelekile. Ukunisela kungenziwa futhi uma kuvela amagatsha owomile noma izindawo ezonakalisiwe esitshalweni.
Ukutshala imbewu yejuniper
Kepha lezo zinhlobo ezikhula njengezihlahlana nezihlahla, zisakazeka ngembewu nokusikwa, nezinambuzane ezinwabuzelayo ngokubamba.
Imbewu kumele ihlukaniswe kuqala, ngoba lokhu kuhlwanyelwa emabhokisini enhlabathini bese kuthunyelwa ngaphandle komgwaqo ekuqaleni kobusika, ngaphandle kokumboza. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (Meyi), imbewu ihlwanyelwa emibhedeni.
Kwezinye izinhlobo zejuniper, anogobolondo onzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ukufakwa okungeziwe kuyenziwa. Indlela elula yomonakalo womshini ngokufutheka phakathi kwamabhodi e-sandpaper amabili. Ngemuva kwalokho, imbewu isilungele ukuhlwanyelwa enhlabathini kuze kufike ku-2-3 cm.
Imithombo iyaniselwa, ifakwe emanzini bese inyanzelwa esikhathini esizayo uma kunesidingo. Izithombo ezisencane zidluliselwa endaweni eyiyo kuphela eneminyaka emithathu.
Ukusakazwa kwejuniper ngokusika
Sika ukusika kwentwasahlobo kusuka kusencane, kodwa ukwazi ukuthola lignified, Kuphendula ubude obungu-6-8 cm, ukuze ngamunye abe nama-2-3ode. Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu: ukusikeka akumelwe kunqunywe, kepha kudatshulwa ukuze lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “isithende” ngocezu lwegxolo likamama kuhlale ekugcineni. Ngemuva kwalokho, isiqu ngasinye ngaphambi kokutshala siphathwa nge-stimulator yokukhula.
Isendlalelo kufanele sibe nengxube yesihlabathi, i-peat ne-humus ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo. Isendlalelo esingaphezulu esingu-3-4 cm siqukethe isihlabathi esihlanganayo, kukuyo lapho isiqu sizocwiliswa sijule ngo-1.5-2 cm bese simboza ngebhodlela lepulasitiki noma ngomsele. Eduze nekwindla, ukubonakala kohlelo lwezimpande kumahlumela amancane kuyaqapheleka, kodwa kudluliselwe endaweni engapheli kuphela emva kweminyaka engama-2-3.
Ukusakazwa kwe-juniper ngokulambisa
Ngale ndlela, izinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo zomjunipha zisatshalaliswa. Into ekhona ukuthi ngale ndlela kuyadingeka ukhethe ihlumela elincane, kodwa elenziwe kahle futhi, hhayi ngokuhlukaniswa nesitshalo sikamama, ligobela phansi futhi lidonsa (ngokuthembekile, lungisa leli banga ngama-hairpins emhlabathini bese ufafaza ngomhlaba), amanzi nemboza izithombo zezihlahla.
Endaweni ezoba semhlabathini, kuyadingeka ukuqeda izinaliti (isakhiwo esingama-20 cm). Ngaphezu kwalokho, umhlaba kufanele ukhululwe (kahlekwembiwe) futhi uvundiswe. Ungakhohlwa ukuthambisa ejwayelekile.
Lapho amahlumela amasha eqala ukuvela kulelilanga, lokhu kukhomba ukubamba kwezimpawu, okusho ukuthi isiqu singasehlukaniswa sikamama futhi sitshalwe endaweni engapheli.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ijuniper ivame ukuthintwa izifo zokukhunta ezinjengokugqwala. Kulokhu, ama-thickendings okwenziwe nge-spindle aqala ukwakha kumagatsha, amahlumela kanye nezigaxa. Izinaliti ziba nsundu, zomile futhi zidilike izigaxa.
Esikhathini sokuqala, isitshalo sisengasindiswa. Izindawo ezithintekile ziyasuswa, amaphuzu asikiwe aphethwe ngezinhlobo zegadi, futhi isitshalo sonke siphathwa nge-1% solution ye-sulfate yethusi. Njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela, ungaphatha amahlathi kabili ngonyaka (entwasahlobo nasekwindla) ngesixazululo esingu-1% se-Bordeaux ingxube.
Kulezi zinambuzane, i-juniper ithinta ama-aphid, izibungu zesigcawu kanye nezinambuzane ezikalwa nazo lapho kulwa nama-insecticides.
