Impilo nokuphila isikhathi eside kuyizimiso eziphambili zokuphila komuntu. Kubalulekile kithi ukuthi la magugu ahlobane ngqo nokusetshenziswa kwemifino. Kuliqiniso elingenakuphikwa ukuthi ubungako kanye nekhwalithi yemifino edliwayo kuthinta ngqo impilo yabantu, impilo yayo ende kanye nekhwalithi yempilo. Kungakho izingqinamba zokudla okufanele kanye nesiko lokusetshenziswa kwemifino seziya ngokuya zifaneleka emhlabeni wonke.
Ukuvunwa kukatamatisi we-Agrofirm SEARCH.Ukondliwa kwabantu kuvunyelwe ngokwesayensi muva nje. Futhi konke okutholwe lapha kukhombisa ukubaluleka okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwemifino. Emhlabeni jikelele, kunokwanda okuqhubekayo ekukhiqizeni nasekusetshenzisweni kwemifino emazweni athuthukile omhlaba. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwanda okuhlobene nesikhathi sokuphila okukhona kanye nokwanda kwekhwalithi yayo nokubekezelelana ezimweni ezicindezelayo kulandelwa ngokucacile.
Imifino ngokomlando ingumthombo wokudla wakudala nowemvelo, okwenza ngasikhathi sinye imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile. Imifino iqukethe izakhi ezitholakalayo zokuthathwa kwezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokupheka ezingadingeki. Banikeza izidingo eziyisisekelo zabantu kuma-carbohydrate, ama-organic acid, amino acid amaningi abalulekile, amaminerali. Ngasikhathi sinye, umuntu uthola ingxenye ebalulekile yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezisetshenziselwa izinto eziphilayo, eziningi zazo ezingakafundiswanga ngokuphelele futhi ezingakatholakali. Ngaphezu kwamavithamini aziwa kakhulu, emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, kutholakale inqwaba yezinhlanganisela ezintsha ezithuthukisa ukutholwa kweminye imikhiqizo elenza inqubo efanelekile ye-metabolic isebenze. Ngokuqukethwe okuncane kwekhalori, umphumela omuhle ophelele uyatholakala, futhi izinto ezibonakala njenge-ballast ngesimo se-fiber nama-pectin zibaluleke kakhulu ekugayeni okujwayelekile nasempilweni, kanye nakumanzi ahleliwe, acebile kuyo yonke imifino.
Ukwakheka okukhethekile kwemifino akunqumi kuphela izinzuzo zazo zokudla, kodwa futhi nomphumela wokwelapha. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, imifino eminingi ibisetshenziswa ngqo njengemithi. Indima yabo ekudleni kwezingane nokudla iyigugu. Isidingo sokudla izingxenye zemifino ezisebenzayo ukwehlisa ingozi yokuthola izifo eziningi zesikhathi sezimboni - ukhuluphele, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, isifo sikashukela, umdlavuza kanye nezifo zenhliziyo, ukungezwani komzimba, njll., Kukhuphuka njengoba isimo semvelo emhlabeni siba sibi kakhulu, ukungezwani nokukhula ngamandla izinqubo zabasebenzi, ukwethulwa empilweni yansuku zonke yezindlela ezingakhethi zokupheka nokudla kokudla.
Umhlwanyeli wokwandisa utamatisi uT Tereshonkova no-Angelina Vovk ekunambeni utamatisiUkubaluleka kwemvelo yemifino akuyona neze indlela. Ukwakheka kwabo kwamakhemikhali nezimfanelo eziwusizo kungaphansi kokwehluka. Indima ebalulekile idlalwa yizici zofuzo ezitholakala ezitshalweni ngazinye nezinhlobo zokuzalela, ubuchwepheshe bokulima obusetshenzisiwe, ikakhulukazi izindlela zokuvikela ezintweni ezilimazayo, izindlela zokupheka kanye namasiko wokusebenzisa.
I-Agroholding "Sesha" ikwazi kahle lokhu futhi igxathu negxathu isetha umsebenzi wabafuyi bezokwakha intuthuko ewusizo kakhulu yokuzalanisa. Asizelanga lokhu ngokushesha. Esigabeni sokuqala sokukhethwa (eminyakeni eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20 edlule), inkampani ibinomsebenzi wokudala izinhlobo zezilimo zemifino ngokunambitheka kwendabuko yaseRussia nezimfanelo zabathengi. Imifino kwakufanele inambitheke, icwambu, ibe nephunga, ilungele ukukha amanzi, ukhukhamba, ukhukhamba, njll. Lokhu bekungumsebenzi ophuthumayo wokukhethwa kwethu njengempendulo ekunwetshisweni kwemifino "yenjoloba neplastiki" engenisiwe. Izindlela namathuluzi okuxazulula inkinga asobala futhi asekelwe kahle. Lapho kwakhiwa izinhlobo ezintsha kanye nzalo, kwakudingeka ukuthatha konke okuhle kusuka kuma-analogu angenisiwe (ukubukeka okukhangayo, ukukhiqiza, ukuthengisa, ukugcina ikhwalithi, ukuhambisa) futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukunambitheka kwendabuko kweRussia, iphunga, njll. Futhi le nkinga ixazululwe kakhulu futhi izoxazululwa ngokuqhubekayo. Kakade inqwaba yezinhlobo zethu kanye nzalo eseyabaholi emakethe yaseRussia. UBeetroot IMulatto inikeza isivuno esikhulu semakethe yezitshalo ezentengiso, ezansi, ngasikhathi sinye ukunambitheka okuhle. Isithombo sihlukaniswa ukunambitheka okuyisipesheli okukhethekile. I-Octave. Iklabishi Izinhlobo Ithebula F1, Isiqinisekiso F1, UDuchess F1 ube nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kumafomu amasha nasesikhethi. Cherry utamatisi Umthombo omnandi F1 kumane nje kuyindinganiso yokunambitheka utamatisi. Ukhukhamba hybrid Athos F1 Ukhule emhlabathini ovulekile futhi usawoti ngokuphelele. Futhi kunezibonelo eziningi ezinjalo.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, saqonda ukuthi ngosizo lokukhethwa kwemifino ungayithinta kakhulu impilo yomuntu kanye nesikhathi sokuphila, futhi sihlelele lo mkhombandlela njengomsebenzi oyinhloko emsebenzini wesikhungo sokukhetha. Ngasikhathi sinye, sikhombe izindlela ezintathu zokwenza umsebenzi:
- Ukudalwa kwezinhlobonhlobo kanye nzalo yezilimo zemifino nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezakhi futhi kungazibutheli izinto eziyingozi;
- Ukudalwa kwezinhlobonhlobo kanye nzalo ezingamelana nezifo ezithile nezinambuzane, okuholela ekunciphiseni noma ekuqedeni kokuqothulwa kwemithi yokubulala izinambuzane;
- Ukudalwa kwezinhlobonhlobo kanye nzalo ehambelana nezindlela zemvelo zokuvikelwa kwesitshalo.
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi imifino ehlukahlukene iqukethe izinto ezithile ezilusizo. Kepha ababaningi abantu abazi ukuthi inani lalezi zinto lincike ezinhlobonhlobo noma ezihlanganisiwe. Isici sokuqongelela izinto ezingaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwesitshalo esithile siyindlela yokuhluka, sihlotshaniswa nezakhi zofuzo. Lezi zinhlamvu zitholwe njengefa, okusho ukuthi ngosizo lokukhetha kungenzeka ukulawula ngezinga elithile indlela yokusebenza yokuqongelela kobuningi babo, i.e. qiniseka ukuthi izinhlobo ezintsha kanye no-nzalo kuqoqeka izinto eziningi eziwusizo ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ungaqongeleli amakhambi ayingozi.
Utamatisi Umthombo Omnandi F1 
Beetroot Mulatto 
Iklabishi elimhlophe Ithebula F1Amasiko athile ahlukaniswa ngokukhethekile ngenani lawo lomsoco, okuholela kwesidingo esengeziwe kubo kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene. Igalelo elikhulu ekudleni okulinganiselayo lenziwa ngemifino yeqembu le-nightshade: utamatisi, upelepele kanye neqanda. Impumelelo yokukhethwa enkampanini yethu yasivumela ukuthi sakhe uhlobo olusha lwezilimo lezi ngenhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yezinto ezibalulekile eziphilayo. Ngakho-ke, uhlobo olusha lukatamatisi Phonsa igwebu Iyakwazi ukunqwabelana ifinyelela ku-18% wezinto ezomile, futhi futhi inothile kuma-carotenoids, ngokuyinhloko ama-lycopene, nama-anthocyanins. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-lycopene kune-nzalo ka-pink-fruits yetrids URosanna F1, I-Boyarin F1, Monsieur F1. Ukwemukelwa okusobala komkhiqizo wamapele amnandi kumelelwa amasampula akwazi ukuqoqa inkimbinkimbi yamavithamini ezitsheni, agcinwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okushisa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubasebenzise njengesengezo sokudla kweminye imikhiqizo, okwandisa inani labo lomsoco. Ukuhlanganiswa kokugcwaliswa kukatamatisi ngokufakwa kwepelepothi kukhulisa ukungunda kanye nenani lezinto eziphilayo zemikhiqizo ekheniwe, hhayi imifino kuphela, kodwa nenyama nenhlanzi. Amavithamini acebile kakhulu yilezi zinhlobonhlobo zephunga elimnandi njengeUmqondisi, Isimangaliso segolide, IsiBulgaria, Solomon Agro. Imifino emisha ibaluleke kakhulu, kepha kukhona izitshalo ezisetshenziswa ikakhulu ngendlela eyenziwe ngayo. Isitshalo seqanda yisibonelo esijwayelekile. Ngendlela ngayinye yokupheka, kungakuhle ukuthi usebenzise i-assortment yakho. Ukulungiselela i-caviar, izinhlobo ezinezithelo ezinemibala e-violet zokuqina ezingasho lutho nokuqukethwe okuncane kwe-solanine alkaloid, okunikeza ukuthukuthela okubabayo ku-caviar, kuvame ukusetshenziswa (Donskoy 14, I-opal emnyama, Isigaxa sikaGoliathi) Kepha i-grill, amafomu amahle kakhulu wezithelo eziqukethe ushukela owengeziwe, o-caramelize ku-grill anikeza ukunambitheka okukhethekile kumkhiqizo. Ama-eggplant asetshenziselwa ukupheka izosobe zikhethwa ngombala omhlophe wezithelo, okuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze ukunambitheka nephunga leminye imifino ngenkathi kugcinwa izimfanelo ezinhle zomkhiqizo wokugcina. Imifino esanda kuqedwa inezimpawu zokupheka. Izilimo eziluhlaza isaladi, ezifaka hhayi ulethisi kuphela, kepha nezinye izinhlobo zemifino, njenge-arugula, edumile eminyakeni yamuva (Ilukuluku), kungakuhle ukuthi ungayinqunqi ngommese wensimbi, kepha uyiklebhule izicucu ngokushesha ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, futhi usebenzise uwoyela wemifino osezingeni eliphakeme ocindezelwe njengendlela yokugqoka. Imifino eminingi inezimpawu ze-hypoallergenic futhi kufanele ifakwe ekudleni kweziguli ezine-allergies. Phakathi kwamatamatisi kanye nopelepele, lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezinombala ophuzi wezithelo ezingazibutheki izimbali ezibomvu (utamatisi we-cherry Ukusakazwa kwegolideupelepele Isimangaliso segolide, AmaHercule), phakathi kwezilimo zezimpande yi-daikon (IDayimane), isithombo (Umgcini wekhaya) futhi isithombo (I-Octave), itheniphu (Orbit) ngombala omhlophe wezitshalo zezimpande. Ngecala ngalinye lokungezwani komzimba, imifino ingakhethwa, kungabi namacala we-allergenic, noma ivimbele ukubonakaliswa kwayo. Umphumela obizwa ngokuthi yi-antitumor uphethwe yiyo yonke imifino ephuzi-eluhlaza, lapho amaqabunga noma izimpande ezicebile kuma-carotenoid adliwayo. Kepha kufanele zidliwe zilungiswe kuphela, kufaka phakathi uhlobo lwamajusi noma ngokuhlanganiswa namafutha zemifino (isaladi IsiRusichikhoramu Borodinsky njll.). Ukwelashwa kwezifo zesilonda se-peptic, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amasaladi amasha weklabishi; izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ezilungele ukumiswa kulungele kahle lokhu, ngoba zinezimpawu zokunambitheka eziphakeme kanye nokuqongelela ama-bioprotectors akhethekile acindezela inqubo yesilonda nokuqukethwe okuphansi kwefiber. Omunye wabaholi ngekhwalithi ye-sauerkraut yi-hybrid ekhethiwe yaseRussia Ithebula F1. Iklabishi lenyusa umsebenzi oyimfihlo we-yegilo yegilo ngokushoda kwe-iodine. Ezimpandeni zika izaqathi (I-Chantenay Royal) ama-organic acid anomphumela we-fungicidal (acindezela ukukhula kwesifo sokukhunta) aqoqiwe: i-chlorogenic, ikofi, i-gallic, njll. Ukhukhamba, olungafani nokuqukethwe okuphezulu komsoco, kungumthombo omuhle we-iodine yokudla. Ama-enzymes ezithelo ezintsha zamakhukhamba adlala indima enkulu ekugayweni, ngokuba nomphumela obizwa ngokuthi yi-peptolytic futhi, ngenxa yobukhona nosawoti we-alkaline, anegalelo ekususeni ubuthi emzimbeni.
Isithombo 
Utamatisi Pomegranate Drop 
Isi-pepper sase-BulgariaNgakho-ke, inani lokudla okwenziwe ngemifino kufanele lihlanganiswe nokwakhiwa kwesiko elikhethekile lokusebenzisa kwabo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlela zokulungiselela kwabo kanye nokuhlangana neminye imikhiqizo.
Muva nje, inkinga ngokusetshenziswa okukhulayo kwemifino sekuphephile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imifino ingumthombo wezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezelula impilo yomuntu, zilondoloze amandla akhe okusebenza nempilo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ziyakwazi ukuqongelela inani elikhulu lezinto eziyingozi futhi eziyingozi ngesikhathi senqubo ekhulayo. Izindlela zokukhiqiza zezimboni ezisuselwa kumakhemikhali ogcwele zingaholela ekuqongeleleni ama-nitrate, izinsalela ezibulala izinambuzane, ziyingozi kanye nokungcoliswa kwezindawo eziseduzane namadolobha amakhulu nezindawo zezimboni. Umbuzo uphakama ngokwemvelo. Kungenzeka yini ukukhipha noma ukunciphisa ukunqwabelana kwezinto eziyingozi emifino? Futhi kuvela ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka impela, kufaka phakathi futhi ngenxa ye-assortment efanele.
Ukuhlola izinto zokuzalelaIzitshalo, njenganoma iyiphi enye into ephilayo, zingagula noma zithinteke yizilokazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezifo ezithile nezinye izinambuzane zithinteka kakhulu (hhayi ukumelana), ezinye zincane (zibekezelela), kanti ezinye azithinteki nhlobo (ukumelana). Izindlela zokumelana zingahluka: i-morphological, biochemical, njll., Into esemqoka ukuthi zingatholwa njengefa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ngosizo lokukhethwa, zethulwa ngobuhlakani kwezinhlobonhlobo ezifunwayo noma i-hybrid. Futhi uma wenza okuhlukahlukene noma okuyi-hybrid ukumelana nalezo zinambuzane nezifo ezivame kakhulu kule ndawo ethile, impumelelo iqinisekisiwe. Imifino ye-organic ingatshalwa ngokunciphisa noma ukuqeda ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane.
Ekuqaliseni kokuqala, umsebenzi obonakala ulula, empeleni, unzima kakhulu maqondana nokuqaliswa. Imayelana nezinqubo ezikhethekile zamafa nobunye ubunzima bezakhi zofuzo nokuzala kwezitshalo. Umsebenzi omkhulu kuphela, ohlelekile nowanele ngokwanele kulo mkhombandlela owasivumela ukuba sifinyelele imiphumela yokuqala ebonakalayo. Namuhla sesivele sine-nzalo ka-utamatisi engamelana nezifo ezinhlanu: i-fusarium wilt, igciwane le-mosaic ye-utamatisi, i-nematode yenyongo, i-cladosporiosis, i-powdery hlobo. Lezi nzalo zika-cherry utamatisi UTerek F1, Ihabhu lomlingo F1. Sine-nzalo yamakhukhamba Ibhokisi leMalachite F1, Carolina F1, Perseus F1 ukumelana ne-powdery hlobo kanye nokubekezelela i-peronosporosis. Ama-nzalo eklabishi elimhlophe UDuchess F1, I-Countess F1, Pilot F1 ukumelana ne-fusarium ne-bacteriosis
Lapha, utamatisi we-cherry uthathwa njengobungcweti beqiniso, abanokuphikiswa okunzima kwezifo eziningana futhi ngasikhathi sinye aphelele ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali. Utamatisi we-Cherry ubonakala ngokuhlanganiswa kokukhula okuphakeme, inani lokuphilayo kanye nokwanda ukuzivumelanisa nezimo. Phakathi kwamatamatisi ethu aleli qembu, athandwa kakhulu Umthombo omnandi F1, UTerek F1, I-Elf F1, Ihabhu lomlingo F1 futhi Iphaneli lehle F1.
Inhlanganisela yokuvikelwa kwemvelo nokuphikiswa kofuzo kuyisiqinisekiso semikhiqizo enobungani bemvelo. Inkinga yokuqongelela i-nitrate ihlotshaniswa nezimpawu zokudla kwezilimo ngazinye. Izilimo eziluhlaza okotshani nezitshalo zezimpande kungenzeka zinqwabelanise i-nitrate. Kepha lapha futhi, inhlanganisela yamasu ezolimo, ukudalwa kwezimo zokukhanyisa kahle nokuthambekela okuncishisiwe kokuqongelela ama-nitrate kukuvumela ukuthi uthole imikhiqizo ephephile. Izinhlobo zeBeet ezifana nama-beets azithambekele ekuqongeleleni ama-nitrate. IsiCreole, Umlimi futhi IMulattoisithombo ehlukahlukene UCarmelita, isaladi Intambo yamapomegranate. Umphumela omkhulu kakhulu ekutholeni imikhiqizo yemifino enobungani emvelweni kungenzeka ekwakhiweni kobuchwepheshe bebhayoloji obuhlanganisa ukumelana kofuzo kwezinhlobo nhlobo inzalo, ukusetshenziswa kwamasu wokuvikela kwemvelo kanye nezinye izindlela zezolimo. Muva nje, sesikhule inani lama-nzalo ekushintsheni kokuqala nokwentwasahlobo-ehlobo ngaphandle kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali. Le ndlela inika ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Njengamanje, nzalo yethu eminingi ikhule ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuvikela amakhemikhali. Isibonelo: ikhukhamba I-Pragmatist F1 ekujikeni kokuqala, I-Bastion F1, I-F1 esheshayo nenolaka, Umsunguli F1, ekushintsheni kwentwasahlobo-ehlobo, nzalo ka utamatisi Scarlet Caravel F1, Umlilo F1, Ulwandle F1cherry Umthombo omnandi F1, I-Elf F1 nabanye. kanye nasekubuyeni kwentwasahlobo-ehlobo. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuthi kwenzeke ngokusebenzisa izicupho ezikhethekile zezinambuzane. Lo msebenzi wenziwa ngokubambisana ne-All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Quarantine, umakhi wezingibe. Njengamanje, ukulungiswa kwezincomo zokusetshenziswa kwabo kuyaphela, futhi bazonikezwa abalimi bemifino basekhaya.
Le yimiphumela yokuqala ebonakalayo kule nkomba.Okuphambili yithuba elihle lokuhlanganisa intuthuko yethu yokuzalanisa nemikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo, kusuka ezikhulisweni zokukhula kuya ezidakamizweni ukubhubhisa amagciwane athile.
Isithombo se-octaveEkuphetheni, singasho ukuthi namuhla ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo ezintsha kanye nenzalo entsha yoSesho lokuLungiselela kunikeza abaseRussia ithuba lokukhulisa imifino enambitha nenempilo. Lokhu sikwenza ngoba sikhathalela impilo nokuphila isikhathi eside kwamaRussia.
IKlimenko N.N. Umqondisi, Ikhandlela. S.-kh. N., Khovrin A.N. Inhloko Yesikhungo Sokuzala Sokusesha Kwezolimo, Ph.D. S.-kh. n ,, Ognev V.V. Inhloko yesikhungo sokuzalela iRostov., Ph.D. S.-kh. n
