Bazama ukuhlobisa indawo yabo yokuhlala, abatshali bezimbali abaningi bavame ukubandakanyeka ekutshalweni kwezitshalo ezikhulu. Lezi zimbali azithobeki neze, ngoba zizizwa zihle ngaphakathi nangaphakathi kwi-loggia yengilazi, ezinye izinhlobo zingakhula kumakholoni avulekile. Abathandi bezimbali baseYurophu kudala bazi nge-bacopa. Eminyakeni yamuva, iningi labantu esihamba nabo sebejwayelene nalesi sitshalo.
I-Bacopa: Izici zesitshalo nezinhlobo zazo
Lapho uqala ukuhlangana neBacopa, akunakwenzeka ukuthi umuntu azokwazisa ukuheha kwayo. Noma zibukeka zizinhle, kepha izimbali zincanyana kakhulu, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhuluma ngokwangempela. Kepha noma kunjalo, akukufanele ukusiphungula, unikezwe ukuthi emazweni aseYurophu lesi sitshalo umhlobiso oyinhloko wama-facade wezindlu. Mhlawumbe yonke into ingukulula kwayo, sibonga lapho izichibi zayo zigcwalisa kalula izikhala ezinkulu, ngaphandle kokulayisha isiza ngokweqile. Ngalesi imbali, ungasebenzisa izinketho eziningi zokubekwa: ingafakwa endaweni yezimbali, iqondiswe ngaphansi kophahla, futhi uyihlobise ngezindawo eziphansi, ezikuvumela ukuthi ubanikeze ukubukeka kokhaphethi obukhulu.
Bacopa Caroline
Ku-genus bacopa, kunezinhlobo ezinjengalezi ezingakhula kahle emanzini. Isibonelo esihle salokhu Bacopa Caroline. Indawo yokuhlala ejwayelekile kuyo iyizindawo zokugcina izingxenye zaseningizimu Melika. Ngakho-ke, lapho sekungene ezwekazini laseYurophu, yaqala ukusetshenziswa njengokwakhiwa kwamachibi namachibi okwenziwa, okuvame ukuhlelwa ezindlini zasehlobo noma eduze kwendlu. Imvamisa itholakala kuma-aquariums.
- kusuka ezicini zalesi simbali, kufanelekile ukugqamisa amaqabunga anjengama-oval acwebekile akhiwe esiqwini eside esibhekene;
- kuma-inflorescence kukhona indawo phakathi kwamaqabunga, futhi wona uqobo ahlanganiswe phezulu;
- amacembe aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma olilac ngombala, ezinye izinhlobo zihlotshiswe ngombala omhlophe.
Ezimweni zokwenziwa, iCaroline bacopa kumele ikhule endaweni yokugcina amanzi, ekujuleni kwayo okufanele okungenani ibe ngu-30-30 cm. Kubalulekile futhi nokulawula umbuso oncomekayo wokushisa, okufanele ube ngama-degree angama-20-22. Ezimweni ezipholile kakhulu, iqala ukukhula kancane, futhi kwezinye izimo kunengozi yokubola kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukubheka ubulukhuni bamanzi, okufanele abe ngama-7-8 degrees. Inkomba efanelekile yokulinganisela kwe-acid-base ngu-7. UCaroline Bacopa uzizwa emuhle ngaphandle kokufaka umanyolo. Ikakhulu yena ukufuna ukukhanyisaethuthukisa izakhiwo zayo zokuhlobisa.
Bakhuluma ngezinye izinhlobo ze-bacopa ezitshalwe emhlabeni, kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ubude bazo, obungamasentimitha angama-60-65. Bahlotshiswe ngamaqabunga amancane ama-lanceolate anombala oluhlaza oluhlaza. Lezi zibonakaliso azisebenzi kwikholoni le-bacopa, enesiqu esiqondile futhi esibonakaliswa ngokuqhaqhazela. Ngakho-ke, ayibonakali njalo ezingadini nasefulethini.
Kunoma iyiphi indawo lapho amahlumela we-bacopa ethinta emhlabathini, izimpande ezintsha ziqala ukwakha, ngakho-ke, zikhula kahle, kungakhathalekile ukwakheka nokuqina kwenhlabathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, lapho kukhula, izindonga zocingo ezinama-mesh zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhipha uthango kuwo. Izimbali ze-bacond zezimbali ze-nondescript zinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-2-2,5. Zakhiwa ngama-petals aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi noma ompunga angakhiphi iphunga eliyisimilo.
I-Ampoule bacopa: ikhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni
Imvamisa, ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha, ama-bacops asebenzisa indlela yokutshala imbewu, engenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Okuwukuphela kobuhlungu yizimo lapho ngokuzayo kuhlelwa ukuthi uzitshale endaweni evulekile esikhathini esizayo. Uma umlimi ehlose ukukhulisa lesi sitshalo efulethini ngaso sonke isikhathi, khona-ke ukuhlwanyela kungenziwa ngaphandle kokubheka isimo sezulu. Yize kunezikhathi lapho kufanele ubekezele, linda izimbali zokuqala zivele.
imvamisa, ama-bacopa aqhakaza ngoMashi, ngakho-ke lapho ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngenyanga ngaphambili, izithombo azinaso isikhathi esanele sokukhula ngalolu suku. Ngakho-ke, isigaba sezimbali siqala hhayi ngaphambi kaphakathi nehlobo;- Isizini iBacopa yokukhula yinde impela futhi kuthatha isikhathi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Imvamisa, kwenzeka ngezigaba ezimbili, eyokugcina ibonakala ngamandla amakhulu.
imvamisa, ama-bacopa aqhakaza ngoMashi, ngakho-ke lapho ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngenyanga ngaphambili, izithombo azinaso isikhathi esanele sokukhula ngalolu suku. Ngakho-ke, isigaba sezimbali siqala hhayi ngaphambi kaphakathi nehlobo;Ukukhetha imbewu yokukhulisa i-bacopa ekhaya, akulimazi okokuqala ukuthola ukuthi umbala wesitshalo uphikelela kangakanani. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kungenzeka ukuthi kudlule iminyaka engama-2-3, kanti i-bacopa ngeke ikujabulise ngombala wokushona kwelanga, ozothathelwa indawo yi-hue emhlophe ebilayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka kuphela lapho uzokhulisa izitshalo isikhathi eside.
Ungakhula kanjani i-bacopa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni?
Indlela yokukhulisa ama-bacopas ngokutshala ngqo emhlabathini ayamukeleki. Ngaphambi kudingeka uthole izithombo, okuthi emva kwalokho kudluliselwe endaweni engapheli.
IBacopa ikhule kahle kumabhodwe ayindawo enezindonga eziphakeme. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele ilungiselelwe: ngoba lokhu kubekwe endwangu, okusontekile kahle futhi kufakwe kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate yemizuzu engu-15-20;- njengoba imbewu yesitshalo incane kakhulu, ingagcinwa kuphela emanzini ngobuningi;
- ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kumele kuthathwe lapho ukhetha ingxube yenhlabathi: kumele ibe nesakhiwo esivimbela ukugcwala ngokweqile. Lokhu kungaba yingozi enkulu kwi-bacope enkudlwana, enezimpande ezintekenteke kakhulu ezivame ukubola. Kulokhu, kungaba ngcono ukuthi uqale ubeke izinto zokudonsa amanzi ezansi kwembiza, usebenzise ingxube ye-peat, isihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi yengadi nge-acidity ephansi njengesiqeshana sokutshala;
- ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, imbewu kufanele ibekwe ngokucophelela kwi-substrate bese icindezelwa kancane phansi. Akudingekile ukugcwalisa ngensimbi yenhlabathi ngaphezulu;
- ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, ukuthambisa kwenziwa ngokufafaza ngamanzi afudumele. Okulandelayo, kufakwa ingilazi ngaphezulu kwembiza, imbiza yayo idluliselwa egumbini lapho isitsha esinamapulangwe siyovikelwa khona elangeni eliqondile nakuhlaka.
IBacopa ikhule kahle kumabhodwe ayindawo enezindonga eziphakeme. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele ilungiselelwe: ngoba lokhu kubekwe endwangu, okusontekile kahle futhi kufakwe kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate yemizuzu engu-15-20;Imbewu iqala ukumila ekupheleni kwesonto lesibili. Kuze kwenzeke lokhu, kufanele zivikele elangeni eliqondile. Kwisibonakaliso sokuqala sokubalwa kwamahlumela, imbiza kufanele isuswe eduze nokukhanya. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, ukuthambisa kuqala kaningi. Okokuqala, isidingo somswakama siyakhuphuka lapho ibhodwe selitshalwe ngokutshala ohlangothini oluseningizimu.
Inethezeka ngezithombo ze-bacop ukushisa kwama-degrees angama-18-20. Ungacabanga ngokudlulisela ezitsheni ezihlukile kuphela ngemuva kokuqalwa kwamaqabunga amabili noma amathathu ezitshalweni. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuqapha amazinga okushisa asezingeni: uma selifudumele ngokwanele, lapho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi udlulise izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile. Kodwa-ke, okokuqala kuyadingeka ukuqhuba ukuqina kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10, ukuze izithombo zihambisane kangcono nezimo zemvelo. Lapho ibekwe endaweni ehlala njalo ongatshalanga eduze kuka-10-25 cm kusuka komunye nomunye. Noma kunjalo, kunoma yikuphi, udinga ukubheka ukuphakama kwezitshalo.
I-Bacopa: ukutshala nokunakekela
Izithombe zesitshalo zingamangaza abalimi abaningi, noma kunjalo, umphumela oyifunayo ungatholakala kuphela ngokusebenzisa inqubo efanelekile yokulima. IBacopa "ingumakhelwane onokuthula" ofanele, ngakho-ke ingatshalwa kanye nezinye izitshalo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuya ngesipiliyoni sabalimi, kunconywa ukuyibeka ngama-petunias, ama-fuchsias nama-nasturtiums. Ukukhetha okunjalo kungachazwa ngokuhambisana okuphelele kokubukeka.
Zonke izimbali ziyahlukahluka ngosayizi omncane, bakha ukhaphethi owodwa, futhi ungaveleli ngokumelene nesizinda, futhi futhi ungazakhi izithunzi komunye nomunye. Ngakho-ke, isitshalo ngasinye sinikezwa izimo ezivumayo zokuthuthuka. Yize i-bacopa ingatshalwa njengesitshalo esehlukile, lokhu akuyithinti impahla yokuhlobisa yendawo.
Ukukhula i-bakopa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni futhi uyinakekele kungumsebenzi noma yimuphi umgadi wegadi angawenza, kungakhathalekile isipiliyoni sakhe. Ngokuphathelene ne-bacopa enkulu, kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi enqubeni yokuyinakekela kuzodingeka ukucofa, yize kungafani nezinye izitshalo, kuqhakaza amagagasi. Lapho izimbali zokuqala zibuna, igagasi elisha livame ukuba likhulu njengalelo langaphambili. Ukunakwa kuwufanele amaphuzu wokukhula amahlumela amasha, okumele akhishwe ngokushesha uma ungafuni isihlahla siqale ukukhula ngobubanzi.
Izibani kanye nomanyolo
Ukugxila ikakhulukazi kwinqubo yokunakekelwa kufanele kunikezwe ukukhanyisa. Kwi-bacopa, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ukukhula endaweni enelanga kuyakuvumela ukuba kuqhakaze kakhulu. Ngokutshala endaweni enomthunzi, ngeke uzuze ubuhle obufanayo. Umphumela wokondla akubalulekanga, ngakhoke, kunengqondo ukuzitholela izitshalo ezisencane kuphela ukuze ubanikeze izakhi ezidingekayo. Kamuva, kwenziwa umanyolo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali.
Ngokusondela ebusika, umanyolo wamaminerali uyancishiswa bese kuthi kamuva uqedwe. Yenza okufanayo ngokunisela. Yize iBacopa isivele izizwa ikhululekile ngaphandle kokunisela ejwayelekile. Into esemqoka njalo lawula umswakama wenhlabathi futhi uma kunesidingo, nisela. Isilinganiso esisebenza kahle kakhulu sokunakekela i-bacopa ukufafaza amahlumela namaqabunga, okwenziwa abalimi abaningi. Ngempela, kulokhu, kungenzeka ukuthi kulondolozwe umswakama omningi womhlaba endaweni ekhula ehlathini.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile kwe-bacopa ukuhanjiswa njalo komoya ohlanzekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga njalo feza ukukhululeka kwenhlabathi endaweni yezimpande. Kodwa-ke, ukujula kokungena kufanele kube okuncane, ngaphandle kwalokho ungathinta izimpande, ezitholakala ungqimba lomhlaba ongaphezulu. Uma i-bacopa ingahlelwanga ukuba ikhule njengonyaka, khona-ke ekwindla iyambiwa bese idluliselwa egumbini. Ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka, kuyadingeka kuye ukuthi alondoloze izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphansi kwe-14-15 degrees, yize ekwazi ukubekezelela amanani aphansi aze afike ku-0 degrees.
Isiphetho
Ngemuva kokubona okokuqala i-bacopa enkulu, abaqalayo abaningi hhayi abalimi bezimbali kuphela abangasithatha njengesitshalo esingafanele ukunakwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuzoba yiphutha, ngoba akulona iphutha ukuthi le mbali isetshenziselwe ukuhlobisa izindlu eYurophu. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka kuye ukuthola indawo esizeni, ngoba unamathuba amaningi okukhombisa konke ukuqhamuka kwakhe.
Isici esiyinhloko se-bacopa ukuthi linamathela ngokuphelele kunoma iyiphi indawongakho-ke, uyakwazi ukuphumelela ukudala amakhaphethi amahle “aphilayo” abukeka kahle emgaqweni kuphela, kodwa nangaphakathi endlini. Ukukhulisa le mbali kulula kakhulu, ngoba inqubo yokunakekelwa akudingekile ukondla, kanye ukuthambisa ejwayelekile.
