Abamele umndeni wakwaBromeliad manje sebephezulu kakhulu. Lezi zitshalo zithanda kakhulu ukuthi ngisho nezinhlobo zazo ezingandile kakhulu namhlanje ziya ngokuya zihlala emashalofini. I-Bright, ekhethekile, akunzima kangako ukuyinakekela, ngisho nama-bromeliad aphesheya asephenduke izivakashi zezindlu zethu. Kepha hlala phakathi kwezitshalo ze-bromeliad zangaphakathi, ezingatholakala kumaqoqo akhethekile kuphela. I-Quesnelia ingummeleli omangalisayo womndeni, ukuvela kwangempela, hhayi wonke umuntu. I-quesnelia ekhulayo ayilukhuni kangako, kepha isimo senganekwane esingaqondakali siyesabisa abaningi kude nalesi simangaliso segumbi elikhulayo.
I-Quesnel iyi-bromeliad ekhethekile enoshukela.
I-Quesnelia - isimangaliso se-bromeliad esifana ne-okusanhlamvu
Namuhla, phakathi kwama-bromeliads, cishe akunazo izitshalo ezingabizwa ngokungajwayelekile. Abamele uhlobo IQesenia (IQesenia) - ukutholakala kwangempela nathi, isiko okubonakala kungathokozwa kuphela ezingadini ze-botanical naphakathi kwabalandeli bangempela balomndeni. Kepha ukunakwa kwezinhlobo ezingandile futhi ezihehayo zama-bromeliads kwashiya uphawu kumbuzo: kusenzima futhi kunzima ukuthola, sekuvele ukuvela kumakhathalogi nakwimibukiso.
Isimo esikhethekile se-Quesnel kubonakala sengathi saqinisekiswa kusukela ekuqaleni: lesi sitshalo saqanjwa ngegama likazakwabo waseFrance, umlamuli, owaletha lesi sitshalo eYurophu wasenza ukwengeza okuhle eqoqweni lomphakathi eliphakeme. Isimo sesitshalo esingajwayelekile futhi esikhethekile eQuesnel asikashintshi kangako kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-19, lapho singeniswa kusiko. Ukuvela komuntu waseNingizimu Melika oqanjwe uMichel Quesnel akubukeki njengento exakile nakancane. Kepha ngokwesiko lamagumbi, i-quesnelia, ngempela, iphikisana nesizinda samanye ama-bromeliads futhi ifana ne-bilbergia kuphela.
Amanani emvelo atholakala eBrazil kuphela. Ngisho namazwe angomakhelwane anezimo zezulu ezifanayo awafakiwe kuhla lwalesi sitshalo sezwe esiseduze. Okumelwe kakhulu yisifundazwe saseRio de Janeiro, emahlathini asosebeni asogwini, lapho ama-epiphytes ekwazi khona ukuhlala cishe kuyo yonke imivini emikhulu yasendaweni ephakeme nemivini.
Ngaphandle kokuthi e-genus Quesnel kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-15, njengesitshalo, ngaphandle kokungajwayelekile, kukodwa kuphela okutshaliwe - i-Lison's cornflower. Lesi yisimangaliso esikhanyayo kunazo zonke, esihlobisa kakhulu futhi sibumbene sohlobo olunamaqabunga amahle kakhulu. Kuhle ukubiza i-quesnelia kwifomethi yekamelo isitshalo, lapho amaqabunga ngeke athele i-inflorescence kuya kwezimbali.
Izikhombo zeLibon (Qsesnelia liboniana) luhlobo lwe-epiphytic lwama-bromeliads, okuyinto, ngokwemvelo kuphela, alunasithakazelo esithile. I-Quesnel ikhula ngendlela yesifufula esiphakeme, esincane, nesicanjiwe esivela emaqabunga ambalwa. Kepha ngenxa yokuthi izitshalo zakha amakoloni ezimbizeni, zihlala zikhiqiza ama-stolon ngama-rosette amasha, zikhula ngamaqembu aminyene namaqembu amakhulu "amakholomu" amaningi, okude nesitshalo esidideka kalula nesigaxa esikhulu.
Ukukhwela ezinhlangothini, i-quesnelia imvamisa 'isondela' onqenqemeni lwamabhodwe nasezitsheni. I-funnel ye-quesnelia iyakwazi ukukhuphuka ize ifinyelele ku-70 cm ukuphakama, iqukethe amaqabunga angaphandle amaphakathi kakhulu futhi ancishisiwe angaphandle. Imbobo yesiLingual, enophondo olubukhali, onqenqemeni olugobile kanye nezikhala ezincane ezigobile eceleni komphetho, ishiya amabanga afinyelela ku-5 cm abukeka njengolukhuni.
Umbala ophakathi kweluhlaza uthambisa imicu yesikali esimpunga ku-undererside. Ngenxa yokuqokwa okuqondile kwe-funnel kanye nendlela yayo yokubumbeka, zivame ukudala ukuzihlanganisa ne-bamboos, kepha uma uthinta isiko, izinhlangano ezinjalo zisheshe zinyamalale.
Ukuqhakaza kwalolu hlobo lwe-cornflower akukukhumbuzi neze izindlebe ezinhle zamanye ama-bromeliads. Izinyawo eziseduze, ezacile, eziqonde ngokuphelele ezikhuphuka ngaphezu kwesakhiwo esinamaqabunga e-lanceolate aboshwe zithweswe umqhele ngama-spikelets ama-inflorescence, kodwa ngesakhiwo esingajwayelekile - aze afike ku-10 anezimbali ezinqabile, ezincanyana ezinamathele kuzo zonke izindlela. Izimbali ezingamasentimitha ayisihlanu ezigoqiwe noma ezimile ezinezidingingi ezibomvu ezihlanganisiwe kanye nezinsimbi ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezenza ishubhu eliminyene, lapho okugoqeka kuphela, kubukeka kungokwangempela, kunesibindi futhi kungaphandle. Ukushintshwa kusuka kokubomvu okukhanyayo kuya ku-violet emnyama kubonakala kungacabangeki, kepha ungabonga kuphela bonke lobu buhle bezimbali eduze.
Kanye ne-Lenn's quennel, ethengisayo kanye nezinhlu zemibuzo emelelwa izinhlobo zokuqala zolunye uhlobo ezinemibala ehlukahlukene - zemabula zemibuzo (I-Quesnelia marmorata) Ngaphandle, kufana kakhulu ne-quennel yeLibon, kepha ihlukaniswa ngokuvula striping, ngandlela-thile kunxephezela ezinye izitshalo ezingaziwa.
I-Quesnelia Libon (Quesnelia liboniana).
Izimo zokukhula kwe-cornflower yangaphakathi
Ukuntuleka kwesidingo sesikhathi esimnandi sokuphumula, ukubekezelela ukukhanyisa okuhlukile, kanye namazinga okushisa ahlukahlukene kusivumela ukuba sihlukanise i-quennel njengama-bromeliads angenakubekezela. Ivumelanisa kahle nezimo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amakamelo okuhlala ajwayelekile.
Ukukhanyisa nokubekwa
Kulokhu kukhanya kwe-bromeliad, okokuqala, kunquma umbala wamaqabunga: ngokuba lukhuni impela, i-quennel ingazijwayeza cishe noma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhanya. Ekufotweni, imifino iba mnyama, ezindaweni ezigqamile - kukhanya, amathoni amaningi alula. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kukhanya ama-bromeliads kubukeka, kepha futhi balahlekelwa umphumela wabo wokuhlobisa ngokushesha. Emthunzini oyingxenye nasethunzini elikhanyayo, ama-Quesnel angeke aqhakaze. I-Quesnelia ayibekezeleli ilanga elishisayo, izitshalo kumele zivikelwe emisebeni eqondile kungaba ngokufaka izikrini ezikhethekile noma ngokuhamba usuka ewindini.
Kulesi bromeliad, amafasitela wesizinda esingewona awaseningizimu nezindawo ezingaphakathi kwamakamelo akhanyayo ayathandwa. I-Quesnelia ingasetjenziselwa izingoma namanye ama-bromeliads, kufaka phakathi njengemvelaphi yesiko-yokuhlunga, ukudala umphumela wethamo nobukhazikhazi emaqoqweni. Lesi sitshalo sibukeka sisihle ngokwakhiwa kweqembu kwama-greenhouse kanye nama-Conservatories.
Ukushisa nomoya omncane
Noma yiliphi igumbi lokuhlala lilungele iQuesnelia. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, bayozizwa bebahle bobabili emakamelweni lapho ukubusa kubusa khona - ngeqondo lokushisa elingama-degrees angama-18, futhi lapho amanani entengo ephakama ngaphezu kwama-23 degrees okushisa.
Esikhathini sasebusika, eQuesnelia, futhi udinga ukufudumala, kepha ngokuhla kwamazinga okushisa ngamazinga ama-2-4 ngokuqhathaniswa nemodi yasehlobo kanye nokwehla kwezinkomba zobusuku (le mehluko ivuselela izimbali). Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lisuka ku-16 liye ku-20 degrees ngama-degree angama-15-16 ebusuku. Ubanda be-quesnelia abubekezeleli futhi baphenduka kabi kakhulu ekushintsheni okungazelelwe kokushisa komoya, kungakhathalekile isikhathi sonyaka. Ukwehla okushisa okuvumelekile okuncane kungafika kuma-13 degrees.
I-Qsesnel iyathinta kakhulu ukungcoliswa komoya nokuqina. Lesi sitshalo kasibekezeleli intuthu kagwayi nomoya wasekhishini, sithanda ukukhula emakamelweni abanzi, avame ukungena umoya. Kungcono ukuvikela i-quennel emoyeni obandayo, kepha ngaphandle kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa akubukeki kakhulu futhi akusabeli kokungakapheli, kungachitha ihlobo engadini noma ethafeni elivulekile.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
I-Quesnelia yisiko elijwayelekile lasendlini elivela esigabeni se-bromeliad. Ukunisela okunembile, ukugqoka okuphezulu ngesikhathi sesigaba sokukhula okusebenzayo, ukuqapha kwesimo - yilokho konke okudingekayo ukuze kutshalwe. Le bromeliad ilungele ngisho nakwabaqalayo.
I-Marble quesnelia (Quesnelia marmorata).
Ukunisela nomswakama
I-Queues ayithandi ukuthambisa ngokweqile futhi ayidingi umswakama ohlala njalo we-substrate. Lezi zitshalo zinelisekile ngomswakama womhlabathi ozinzile. Ekwindla nasebusika, ukuthambisa kunqunyelwe, cishe ukumisa ngokuphelele i-substrate, entwasahlobo nasehlobo, qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi imanzi kancane. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lama-roltol we-stolon, akunakuphikwa ukuthi unisele i-quennel ngaphakathi kwe-rosette, kodwa le ndlela iyamukeleka, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yamabhishi angagugi kakhulu. Ukuchelela endaweni yokuphumula kwenziwa kuphela emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kwama-degrees angama-20 futhi kuze kube kuphela kwezimbali.
Ukuchelela kungenziwa kuphela ngokuthambile nokufudumele (ama-2-3 degrees ngaphezu kokushisa komoya) amanzi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi libalulekile lapho unisela endaweni yokuphehla ugesi.
Ngokungafani nama-bromeliads amaningi, i-quesnelia iyisithandwa somoya esiphakathi nendawo enomswakama. Umoya ojwayelekile wamakamelo okuhlala anezinkomba kusuka ku-45 kuya ku-55% umswakama ulungele yena. Umoya owomile ngokweqile udinga izinyathelo ezengeziwe ezifanele, kepha asikho isidingo sokwakha umswakama osishisayo wesitshalo. Ehlobo, kungcono ukufaka izifutho zansuku zonke ohlelweni lokunakekela lesi sitshalo. Kuzosiza ukubhekana nokushisa, nomoya omile, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezimo zokuvalelwa. Ngaphandle kokufafaza ehlobo, amaseshi amadala asheshe alahlekelwe umbala wawo owakhiwe kanye nesimo esihle.
Ukufakwa nokufakwa komanyolo
Kwe-quesnelia, kusetshenziswa umanyolo okhethekile kuma-bromeliad noma imithamo encishisiwe yengxenye yomquba wezitshalo ezigeleza ngaphakathi. Umanyolo we-Universal awulungele leli siko, kufanele ukhethe kuphela izingxube ezinokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephansi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngemvamisa yesikhathi esingu-1 kumaviki angama-2-3 entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ngesikhathi sezimila ezisebenzayo. Ukondla ama-Quesnel kwenziwa kuphela ngefomu ketshezi.
Transplant kanye substrate
Ukuthambekela kokuzakhela izingane njalo, ukukhasa kuphuma ethangini bese kukhula amahlumela akhuthele kuholela ekutheni i-cornea ivame ukuthunyelwa njalo. Kusekukhuleni, ukuqala kokudonswa kwezitolo eziseceleni onqenqemeni lwethangi noma ngaphezulu kwalokho eziqondiswa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Le nqubo ingenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ngenkathi lesi sitshalo sikhula ngamandla.
I-Quesnelia yi-epiphytic bromeliad, kepha ngenxa yesimo sokukhula kwayo, cishe azikaze zitshalwe emabhulokhi, yize zizizwa zizinhle emigodini nasegolweni, uma nje zingakha umcamelo omuhle we-sphagnum ngaphansi kwesitshalo. Ababizi bakhetha amabhasikidi akhethekile ama-epiphytes noma ezinye iziqukathi ezinokufinyelela okuhle komoya.
Izinto zemvelo kanye namamodeli kuphela anezimbobo eziningana zokudonsa amanzi ezikhethiwe ezitsheni ezivamile. Amanzi aphezulu kakhulu abekwe phansi kweziqukathi, ahlala okungenani ingxenye yesithathu yokuphakama kwesiqukathi.
I-Quesnelia ikhula kahle kuma-substrates akhethekile ama-bromeliads. Lapho uxuba inhlabathi ngokwakho, udinga ukuqiniseka ngekhwalithi yezinto zokwakha futhi unakekele ukuphefumula kwawo. Ngokwesitshalo, ingxube yenhlabathi enamaqabunga, i-peat yamahhashi, i-humus, isihlabathi noma into yokuvula i-inert ngesilinganiso esilinganayo ngokufakwa kwe-sphagnum namalahle kufanelekile.
Nge-cornea, isisekelo sama-rosette kanye nezimpande zazo zivame kakhulu ukudalulwa, kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-mulching eyengeziwe - ungqimba lwe-sphagnum oluhlanganisa ingaphezulu le-substrate.
Izifo, izilokazane nezinkinga ezikhulayo
Ngezifo zeCaesella, bahlushwa ukubola kuphela, bakhula ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungafanele. Kepha izinambuzane zitholakala esihlahleni kaningi. Ama-scabies, izimbuzane zesigcawu, ama-mealybugs nama-aphid adinga ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane kusukela ekuqaleni.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo:
- ukuvela kwezindawo eziphaphathekile nezomile kumaqabunga ekukhanyeni kwelanga ngqo;
- ukomiswa kwamathiphu amaqabunga ngomoya owomile kakhulu ehlobo;
- amathiphu ansundu wamaqabunga lapho uthambisa ngamandla, amanzi abandayo noma ukudonsa kanzima kwamanzi epanini;
- ukufa kwesikhumba esinsundu, hhayi okuphelelwe yisikhathi lapho i-substrate ifakwa amanzi;
- ukuwa kwebhasi, ukukhululeka, ukukhululeka, ama-rosette awonakele ngokufaka umithunzi kakhulu.
Izimbali zeLibon's Libra.
Ukusakazeka kwamaCornelles
Imbewu ye-quennel ayitholakali kakhulu ekuthengisweni, izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukukhula isikhathi eside futhi zithinta kakhulu ukuguquguquka kwezimo zokunakekelwa, ngakho-ke, ekhaya, lesi sitshalo asikhuliswanga kusuka imbewu.
Ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha, kwanele ukuhlukanisa ama-rosette aseceleni, lawo ama-cornel akha inani elikhulu kakhulu. Bahlukaniswe ngokucophelela endaweni yokuphuma kamama, bahlolwe, batshalwe engxenyeni ejwayelekile yenhlabathi futhi kugcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi aqhekeka noma anqunywe kumswakama ophakathi kuze kube ukuqala kokukhula okusebenzayo. Ukwenza i-waterlogging esigabeni se-rooting kuyingozi enkulu.
